Vaccines,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(12), P. 1418 - 1418
Published: Dec. 16, 2024
mRNA
vaccines
represent
a
milestone
in
the
history
of
vaccinology,
because
they
are
safe,
very
effective,
quick
and
cost-effective
to
produce,
easy
adapt
should
antigen
vary,
able
induce
humoral
cellular
immunity.
Methods:
To
date,
only
two
COVID-19
one
RSV
have
been
approved.
However,
several
currently
under
development
for
prevention
human
viral
(influenza,
immunodeficiency
virus
[HIV],
Epstein–Barr
virus,
cytomegalovirus,
Zika,
respiratory
syncytial
metapneumovirus/parainfluenza
3,
Chikungunya,
Nipah,
rabies,
varicella
zoster
herpes
simplex
1
2),
bacterial
(tuberculosis),
parasitic
(malaria)
diseases.
Results:
RNA
viruses,
such
as
severe
acute
syndrome
coronavirus
(SARS-CoV)-2,
HIV,
influenza,
characterized
by
high
variability,
thus
creating
need
rapidly
circulating
strain,
task
that
can
easily
accomplish;
however,
speed
variability
may
be
higher
than
time
needed
vaccine
adapted.
vaccines,
using
lipid
nanoparticles
delivery
system,
act
adjuvants,
powerfully
stimulating
innate
well
adaptive
immunity,
both
humoral,
which
is
waning,
cell-mediated,
highly
persistent.
Safety
profiles
were
satisfactory,
considering
slight
increase
prognostically
favorable
anaphylactic
reactions
young
females
myopericarditis
males
has
observed.
Conclusions:
The
pandemic
determined
shift
use
RNA:
after
having
used
medicine
micro-RNAs
tumor
new
era
anti-infectious
begun,
great
development,
either
improve
already
available,
but
unsatisfactory,
or
develop
protective
against
infectious
agents
no
preventative
tools
realized
yet.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 3, 2024
Abstract
The
success
of
the
live
attenuated
Yellow
Fever
vaccine
(YF17D)
that
elicits
immunity
lasting
over
thirty
years
has
made
it
a
widely
used
model
to
understand
generation
durable
protection.
We
compare
early
single-cell
level
transcriptional
response
in
mice
YF17D
and
an
adjuvanted-inactivated,
but
less
effective
version
(InYF).
Within
first
week,
we
identify
70
kinetic
patterns
45
cellular
clusters,
majority
which
discriminate
between
two
formulations,
some
tissue
sex-specific
manner.
Intriguingly,
differential
transcripts
fall
into
categories,
one
whose
association
with
or
InYF
is
maintained
even
when
decoupled
from
their
cell-type
expression
other
where
such
cell-plus-gene
pairing
critical
maintain
marker
status.
demonstrate
applications
this
resource,
by
identifying
B
cells
varied
interferon
antigen
responsiveness
relation
each
vaccine.
This
high-resolution
dataset
amenable
further
biomarker
discovery
hypothesis
generation.
American Journal of Reproductive Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
92(6)
Published: Dec. 1, 2024
Dear
Editor,
This
is
a
comment
on
published
research
"Neonatal
SARS-CoV-2
mRNA
Vaccination
Efficacy
Is
Influenced
by
Maternal
Antibodies"
[1].
Research
into
the
ability
of
mRNA-lipid
nanoparticle
(LNP)
vaccination
to
produce
newborn
antibody
responses
in
presence
vertically
transmitted
maternal
antibodies
yields
intriguing
results,
but
more
needed.
First,
while
theory
seems
feasible,
study
design
based
limited
sample
size
and
single
mouse
model.
The
conclusions'
generalizability
other
species,
including
humans,
unclear.
Furthermore,
changes
immune
due
different
strains
or
genetic
backgrounds
may
have
an
impact
data'
validity.
ELISA
standard
method
for
detecting
spike-specific
IgG.
However,
this
does
not
provide
complete
explanation
underlying
governance
standards
processes.
Details
about
assay's
sensitivity,
specificity,
potential
cross-reactivity
with
will
improve
accuracy
results.
For
example,
using
additional
assays
like
flow
cytometry
western
blotting
could
help
validate
results
ensure
accuracy.
Different
kinds
assays,
such
as
both
neutralization
assay,
should
be
used
cross-validate
IgG
finding
COVID-19
patients,
which
comprehensive
view
response
[2].
validation
steps,
use
appropriate
positive
negative
controls,
would
strengthen
overall
methodological
transparency.
statistical
techniques,
one-way
ANOVA
Tukey's
multiple
comparison
test,
do
meet
basic
requirements
normality
variance
homogeneity,
particularly
given
possibility
differences
between
groups.
To
better
assess
data,
it
perform
tests
Shapiro-Wilk
test
Levene's
homogeneity
variances
before
applying
parametric
tests.
In
cases
where
these
assumptions
are
violated,
non-parametric
alternatives
Kruskal–Wallis
Dunn's
post-hoc
used.
A
remarkable
observation
was
difference
levels
pups
from
vaccinated
non-vaccinated
mothers,
latter
showing
significant
rise.
raises
questions
concerning
mechanism
phenomena.
What
variables
contribute
pups'
higher
response,
how
immunization
influence
long-term
immunity?
One
plausible
hypothesis
that
introduce
regulatory
express
neonate's
own
production,
either
through
transfer
T
cells
cytokines
dampen
activation
[3].
Future
broaden
findings
incorporating
larger
range
animal
models
regimens.
timing,
dose,
type
mRNA-LNP
vaccinations
immunological
responses.
Additionally,
lifespan
functional
durability
generated
infants,
perhaps
longitudinal
studies,
crucial
understanding
their
protective
benefits
against
infections.
researching
function
infants
shed
light
possible
Studies
those
longevity
vaccine-induced
offer
valuable
perspectives
area
[4].
Integrating
approaches
result
thorough
immunity,
informed
strategies
optimizing
protocols
child
populations,
and,
eventually,
stronger
public
health
infectious
illnesses.
authors
nothing
report.
Authors
declare
no
conflict
interest.
AI
language
editing
translation
article.
Data
sharing
applicable
article
new
data
were
created
analyzed
study.
Vaccines,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(12), P. 1418 - 1418
Published: Dec. 16, 2024
mRNA
vaccines
represent
a
milestone
in
the
history
of
vaccinology,
because
they
are
safe,
very
effective,
quick
and
cost-effective
to
produce,
easy
adapt
should
antigen
vary,
able
induce
humoral
cellular
immunity.
Methods:
To
date,
only
two
COVID-19
one
RSV
have
been
approved.
However,
several
currently
under
development
for
prevention
human
viral
(influenza,
immunodeficiency
virus
[HIV],
Epstein–Barr
virus,
cytomegalovirus,
Zika,
respiratory
syncytial
metapneumovirus/parainfluenza
3,
Chikungunya,
Nipah,
rabies,
varicella
zoster
herpes
simplex
1
2),
bacterial
(tuberculosis),
parasitic
(malaria)
diseases.
Results:
RNA
viruses,
such
as
severe
acute
syndrome
coronavirus
(SARS-CoV)-2,
HIV,
influenza,
characterized
by
high
variability,
thus
creating
need
rapidly
circulating
strain,
task
that
can
easily
accomplish;
however,
speed
variability
may
be
higher
than
time
needed
vaccine
adapted.
vaccines,
using
lipid
nanoparticles
delivery
system,
act
adjuvants,
powerfully
stimulating
innate
well
adaptive
immunity,
both
humoral,
which
is
waning,
cell-mediated,
highly
persistent.
Safety
profiles
were
satisfactory,
considering
slight
increase
prognostically
favorable
anaphylactic
reactions
young
females
myopericarditis
males
has
observed.
Conclusions:
The
pandemic
determined
shift
use
RNA:
after
having
used
medicine
micro-RNAs
tumor
new
era
anti-infectious
begun,
great
development,
either
improve
already
available,
but
unsatisfactory,
or
develop
protective
against
infectious
agents
no
preventative
tools
realized
yet.
