Targeted Sequencing Approach and Its Clinical Applications for the Molecular Diagnosis of Human Diseases

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 493 - 493

Published: Feb. 2, 2023

The outbreak of COVID-19 has positively impacted the NGS market recently. Targeted sequencing (TS) become an important routine technique in both clinical and research settings, with advantages including high confidence accuracy, a reasonable turnaround time, relatively low cost, fewer data burdens level bioinformatics or computational demand. Since there are no clear consensus guidelines on wide range next-generation (NGS) platforms techniques, is vital need for researchers clinicians to develop efficient approaches, especially molecular diagnosis diseases emergency disease global pandemic COVID-19. In this review, we aim summarize different methods TS, demonstrate parameters TS assay designs, illustrate panels, discuss their limitations, present challenges concerning application human diseases.

Language: Английский

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Internet-of-nano-things (IoNT) driven intelligent face masks to combat airborne health hazard

Materials Today, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 60, P. 201 - 226

Published: Sept. 29, 2022

Face masks have been used as the most effective and economically viable preventive tool, which also creates a sense of social solidarity in collectively combatting airborne health hazards. In spite enormous research literature, massive production, competitive market, use modern age face masks-respirators (FMR) is restricted for specific purposes or during public emergencies. It attributed to lack awareness, prominent myths, architect manufacturing limitations, concerns, probable solid waste management. However, efforts dedicated address these issues through using materials textiles such nanomaterials mask fabrication. Conventional FMRs possess bottlenecks breathing issues, skin problems, single use, fungal infections, communication barrier differently abled, inefficiency filter minute contaminants, sourcing secondary contamination issue solid-waste management upon usage. Contrary, FMR engineered with functional owing high surface area, unique physicochemical properties, enriched chemistries challenges due smart features like self-cleaning ability, biocompatibility, transparency, multiple usages, anti-contaminant, good breathability, excellent filtration capacity, pathogen detecting scavenging capabilities. This review highlights state-of-the-art different dimensional nanocomposites combat hazards, especially infectious outbreaks air contamination. Besides, myths facts about FMR, associated challenges, potential sustainable solutions, prospects “point-of-action” intelligent operation integration internet-of-nano-things, 5G wireless communications, artificial intelligence are discussed.

Language: Английский

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Neurological complications associated with Covid‐19; molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches

Reviews in Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(6)

Published: Feb. 9, 2022

Abstract With the progression of investigations on pathogenesis severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), neurological complications have emerged as a critical aspect ongoing disease 2019 (Covid‐19) pandemic. Besides well‐known symptoms, many manifestations such anosmia/ageusia, headaches, dizziness, seizures, and strokes been documented in hospitalised patients. The neurotropism background coronaviruses has led to speculation that are caused by direct invasion SARS‐CoV‐2 into nervous system. This is proposed occur through infection peripheral nerves or via systemic blood circulation, termed neuronal haematogenous routes invasion, respectively. On other hand, aberrant immune responses insufficiency associated with Covid‐19 suggested affect system indirectly. Deleterious roles cytokine storm hypoxic conditions blood‐brain barrier disruption, coagulation abnormalities, autoimmune neuropathies well investigated infections, Covid‐19. Here, we review latest discoveries focussing possible molecular mechanisms indirect impacts try elucidate link between some potential therapeutic strategies pathways.

Language: Английский

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Lowered Quality of Life in Long COVID Is Predicted by Affective Symptoms, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Inflammation and Neuroimmunotoxic Pathways

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(16), P. 10362 - 10362

Published: Aug. 19, 2022

The physio-affective phenome of Long COVID-19 is predicted by (a) immune-inflammatory biomarkers the acute infectious phase, including peak body temperature (PBT) and oxygen saturation (SpO2), (b) subsequent activation immune oxidative stress pathways during COVID. purpose this study was to delineate effects PBT SpO2 infection, as well increased neurotoxicity on physical, psychological, social environmental domains health-related quality life (HR-QoL) in people with We recruited 86 participants COVID 39 normal controls, assessed WHO-QoL-BREF (World Health Organization Quality Life Instrument-Abridged Version, Geneva, Switzerland) (comprising depression, anxiety fibromyalgia-fatigue rating scales) measured (NT, comprising serum interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18 caspase-1, advanced oxidation protein products myeloperoxidase, calcium insulin resistance) found that 70.3% variance HR-QoL explained regression phenome, lowered NT, whilst 61.5% calcium, PBT, SpO2, female sex vaccination AstraZeneca Pfizer. were mediated NT yielding severity which largely affects HR-QoL. In conclusion, HR-Qol neuro-immune neuro-oxidative

Language: Английский

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The efficacy and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines around the world: a mini-review and meta-analysis

Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: May 19, 2023

Abstract Objectives This meta-analysis evaluated the Efficacy and Effectiveness of several COVID-19 vaccines, including AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Moderna, Bharat, Johnson & Johnson, to better estimate their immunogenicity, benefits, or side effects. Methods Studies reporting vaccines from November 2020 April 2022 were included. The pooled Effectiveness/Efficacy with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) Metaprop order was calculated. results presented in forest plots. Predefined subgroup analyses sensitivity also performed. Results A total twenty articles included this meta-analysis. After first dose vaccine, effectiveness all our study 71% CI 0.65, 0.78). after second 91% 0.88, 0.94)). efficacy doses 81% 0.70, 0.91) 0.62, 0.79), respectively. Moderna vaccine highest among other studied ((74% CI, 0.83) 93% 0.89, 0.97), respectively). overall against Gamma variant (74% 0.73, 0.75)), observed Beta (96% 0.96, 0.96)). for AstraZeneca Pfizer 78% 0.95) 84% 0.77, 0.92), Bharat 67% 0.54, 0.80), 0.85, 1.00), 0.61, 0.82), vaccination Alfa 0.84, 0.84) 77% 0.57, respectively, variants. Conclusion mRNA-based showed than vaccines. In general, administering produced more reliable response higher single dose.

Language: Английский

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Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Adherence to Chronic Therapies: A Systematic Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(5), P. 3825 - 3825

Published: Feb. 21, 2023

The spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused a sudden and significant disruption in healthcare services, especially for patients suffering from chronic diseases. We aimed at evaluating impact on adherence to therapies through systematic review available studies. PubMed, EMBASE, Web Science were searched since inception June 2022. Inclusion criteria were: (1) observational studies or surveys; (2) with diseases; (3) reporting effects COVID-19 pharmacological treatment, as comparison during period vs. pre-pandemic (primary outcome) rate treatment discontinuation/delay specifically due factors linked (secondary outcome). Findings 12 24 showed that many treatments interrupted affected by reduced period, fear infection, difficulty reaching physicians facilities, unavailability medication often reported reasons discontinuation modification therapies. For other where patient was not required attend clinic, continuity sometimes ensured use telemedicine, guaranteed drug stockpiling. While possible worsening management need be monitored over time, positive strategies should acknowledged, such implementation e-health tools expanded role community pharmacists, may play an important preserving care people

Language: Английский

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Prognostic models in COVID-19 infection that predict severity: a systematic review

European Journal of Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38(4), P. 355 - 372

Published: Feb. 25, 2023

Abstract Current evidence on COVID-19 prognostic models is inconsistent and clinical applicability remains controversial. We performed a systematic review to summarize critically appraise the available studies that have developed, assessed and/or validated of predicting health outcomes. searched six bibliographic databases identify published articles investigated univariable multivariable adverse outcomes in adult patients, including intensive care unit (ICU) admission, intubation, high-flow nasal therapy (HFNT), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) mortality. identified 314 eligible from more than 40 countries, with 152 these presenting mortality, 66 progression severe or critical illness, 35 mortality ICU admission combined, 17 only, while remaining 44 reported prediction for mechanical ventilation (MV) combination multiple The sample size included varied 11 7,704,171 participants, mean age ranging 18 93 years. There were 353 investigated, area under curve (AUC) 0.44 0.99. A great proportion (61.5%, 193 out 314) internal external validation replication. In 312 (99.4%) studies, be at high risk bias due uncertainties challenges surrounding methodological rigor, sampling, handling missing data, failure deal overfitting heterogeneous definitions severity While several been described literature, they are limited generalizability deficiencies addressing fundamental statistical concerns. Future large, multi-centric well-designed prospective needed clarify uncertainties.

Language: Английский

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Associations of diabetes, hypertension and obesity with COVID-19 mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Global Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(12), P. e012581 - e012581

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Introduction Despite a growing body of scholarly research on the risks severe COVID-19 associated with diabetes, hypertension and obesity, there is need for estimating pooled risk estimates adjustment confounding effects. We conducted systematic review meta-analysis to estimate adjusted ratios obesity mortality. Methods searched 16 literature databases original studies published between 1 December 2019 31 2020. used adapted Newcastle-Ottawa Scale assess bias. Pooled were estimated based effect sizes. applied random-effects account uncertainty in residual heterogeneity. contour-funnel plots Egger’s test possible publication Results reviewed 34 830 records identified search, which 145 included meta-analysis. 1.43 (95% CI 1.32 1.54), 1.19 1.09 1.30) 1.39 1.27 1.52) (body mass index ≥30 kg/m 2 ) mortality, respectively. The appeared be stronger before April 2020, Western Pacific Region, low- middle-income countries, countries low Global Health Security Index scores, when compared their counterparts. Conclusions Diabetes, an increased mortality independent other known factors, particularly low-resource settings. Addressing these chronic diseases could important global pandemic preparedness prevention. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021204371.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive Review of COVID-19: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Advancement in Diagnostic and Detection Techniques, and Post-Pandemic Treatment Strategies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(15), P. 8155 - 8155

Published: July 26, 2024

At present, COVID-19 remains a public health concern due to the ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and its prevalence in particular countries. This paper provides an updated overview epidemiology pathogenesis COVID-19, with focus on emergence variants phenomenon known as ‘long COVID’. Meanwhile, diagnostic detection advances will be mentioned. Though many inventions have been made combat pandemic, some outstanding ones include multiplex RT-PCR, which can used for accurate diagnosis infection. ELISA-based antigen tests also appear potential tools available future. discusses current treatments, vaccination strategies, well emerging cell-based therapies The underscores necessity us continuously update scientific understanding treatments it.

Language: Английский

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Natural Bioactive Molecules: An Alternative Approach to the Treatment and Control of COVID-19

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(23), P. 12638 - 12638

Published: Nov. 23, 2021

Several coronaviruses (CoVs) have been associated with serious health hazards in recent decades, resulting the deaths of thousands around globe. The coronavirus pandemic has emphasized importance discovering novel and effective antiviral medicines as quickly possible to prevent more loss human lives. Positive-sense RNA viruses group spikes protruding from their surfaces an abnormally large genome enclose CoVs. CoVs already related a range respiratory infectious diseases possibly fatal humans, such MERS, SARS, current COVID-19 outbreak. As result, prevention, treatment, medications against (HCoV) is urgently needed. In years, many natural substances discovered variety biological significance, including properties. Throughout this work, we reviewed wide that interrupt life cycles for MERS well potential application treatment COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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