Exploring the Future of Metal‐Based Anticancer Agents: A Comprehensive Review of Ruthenium‐Based Complexes

ChemistrySelect, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(9)

Published: March 1, 2025

Abstract Ruthenium complexes are gaining recognition in oncology as promising alternatives to the traditionally used platinum‐based anticancer agents. Unlike Pt agents, they can better differentiate between healthy and malignant cells, minimizing adverse side effects. They exhibit advantageous properties such thermodynamic kinetic stability, increased water solubility, enhanced cellular absorption, superior selectivity cytotoxicity for tumors, decreased toxicity cells. has been make having structural variability ability undergo ligand exchange. effective against metastatic tumor cells interact with components; their significant charges large cavities allow efficient molecule encapsulation. These being explored enhance efficacy enzymatic research targeted therapies. The manifold biochemical of ruthenium induce cell apoptosis through various signaling pathways them candidates future Despite successful testing some these clinical trials, none have commercially available. Continued aims unlock full potential cancer treatment. This review covers a few findings past 6 years on ligated organic moieties antineoplastic

Language: Английский

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Transition metal complexes: next-generation photosensitizers for combating Gram-positive bacteria

Future Medicinal Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 18

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

The rise of antibiotic-resistant Gram-positive bacterial infections poses a significant threat to public health, necessitating the exploration alternative therapeutic strategies. A photosensitizer (PS) can convert energy from absorbed photon into reactive oxygen species (ROS) for damaging bacteria. This photoinactivation action bypassing conventional antibiotic mechanism is less prone resistance development, making antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) highly efficient in combating Photodynamic transition metal complexes leveraging unique properties metals enhance aPDT activity are next-generation PS. review provides an overview metal-based PS Based on structures, these metal-PS could be mainly classified as metal-tetrapyrrole derivatives, ruthenium complexes, iridium and zinc complexes. based other such silver, cobalt, rhenium also presented. Finally, we summarize advantages shortcomings metal- PS, conclude some critical aspects impacting their performances give perspective future development.

Language: Английский

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Copper(II) Complexes of Pyrazolopyrimidine Derivatives as Anticancer Agents with Enhanced Chemodynamic Therapy through Bimodal Apoptosis and Ferroptosis

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 26, 2025

We reported 10 new copper(II) complexes 1–10 with pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives as ligands. Complexes 2 and 4 reacted glutathione (GSH) in cells through Fenton-like reaction to generate highly toxic hydroxyl radical (·OH) for chemodynamic therapy (CDT), reduced endogenous peroxidase (GPX4) induce ferroptosis. In addition, these effectively caused mitochondrial dysfunction induced apoptosis autophagy tumor cells. Furthermore, inhibited the bladder cancer cell growth a xenograft model. This study presents that can significantly death by enhanced CDT bimodal ferroptosis, providing promising approach therapy.

Language: Английский

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Assessment of the antimicrobial activity of Dinuclear Pt/Pt, Pt/Zn and Pt/cu complexes: Insights from docking studies

Inorganica Chimica Acta, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 122723 - 122723

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Extended Family of Thiophosphoryl-Appended Pd(II) Pincer Complexes with a Deprotonated Amide Core: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(10), P. 4536 - 4536

Published: May 9, 2025

The development of new, more effective, and selective anticancer agents is one the most important tasks modern medicinal chemistry. Recently, we have found that non-classical Pd(II) pincer complexes derived from thiophosphoryl-appended picolinamides exhibit promising cytotoxic properties. In this work, potential class metal-based derivatives was studied on an extended family with a deprotonated amide core featuring thiophosphoryl pendant arms, readily obtained by direct cyclopalladation new functionalized ligands upon interaction PdCl2(NCPh)2 under mild conditions. ligands, in turn, were conventional coupling methods using (aminobenzyl)- (aminomethyl)diphenylphosphine sulfides as key precursors different N- S-donor-substituted carboxylic acids. effect acid component carbon chirality ligand framework bioactivity resulting elucidated evaluating their cytotoxicity against solid blood cancer cell lines, apoptosis induction ability, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) affinity, which revealed high some them, particular, to overcome drug resistance associated P-gp overexpression. representative palladocycle also shown possess moderate antibacterial activity.

Language: Английский

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Quantum mechanical approaches and Molecular Docking studies of Platinum based anticancer drugs Satraplatin and Picoplatin structures.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 739, P. 150969 - 150969

Published: Nov. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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