The current situation of semen analysis in China, based on a survey of 296 laboratories DOI Creative Commons
Longlong Fu, Ying Liu, Xiaowei Wang

et al.

Asian Journal of Andrology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 220 - 221

Published: Oct. 3, 2023

Dear Editor, Semen analysis is a basic test to assess male fertility and fundamental in assisted reproductive technology. From the first publication of World Health Organization (WHO) Laboratory Manual Human Sperm-Cervical Mucus Interaction 1980,1 WHO Manual, 6th edition 2021,2 these 40 years have been recognized as providing global standard that widely used research clinical laboratories worldwide. The Chinese, which we authorized by translate, will be published soon. It has 13 since 5th was released 2010,3,4 when Asian Journal Andrology special issue on semen 21st century medicine.5 In more than 10 years, our team dedicated training promotion manual. What kind situation arrived at China currently, compared with 2009?6 And how do start for next phase work? We investigated current status examination China. Finally, evaluated analyzed assessment testing programs 296 medical units from 23 provinces Among them, 201 (67.9%) were tertiary hospitals, 67 (22.6%) secondary 17 (5.7%) below level (excluding level), 11 (3.7%) sperm banks or other nonrating institutions. Of service providers, 251 conducted based Examination Processing Semen, Manual,3 accounting 84.8%. 9.5% (28/296) institutions, 4th inspection standard. Other bases include National Clinical Practice (4th edition), (3rd etc. routine (sperm concentration motility) morphology are important parameters reflecting quality. rates reached 96.6% (286/296) 72.6% (215/296), respectively. However, counting plates motility very inconsistent. Common hematocrit 10.5% (31/296) Makler 14.9% (44/296) institutions only 6.1% (18/296) "gold standard" modified bovine cytometry method counting. majority (65.9%, 195/296) still analyze mainly manual detection staining methods not uniform. use rate Pap stain, preferred recommended 25.7% (76/296). Most (44.6%, 132/296) Diff-Quik (rapid staining), while Shorr staining, Reggie Richter staining. differences choice certainly create difficulties later laboratory quality control interlaboratory consensus.7 Further needed unified needs established. survey found 73.6% (218/296) computer-aided (CASA) systems 34.1% (101/296) CASA analysis. owing brands principles limitations computer identification technology, it difficult computerized achieve consistency accuracy morphological analysis.8 Therefore, large workload major hospitals ideological awareness testers, promote scale. development artificial intelligence (AI) system independent intellectual property rights standardized become part focus taking advantage CASA's good repeatability, fast analysis, ability quantify movement speed. internal process measures variability procedures within laboratory.9 This evaluate operations helps detect random variation (assess accuracy). Interlaboratory performed an external organization performs comparisons procedures. systematic errors assay assay. As mentioned earlier, necessary correct because technically demanding, subjective standardize. should follow laboratory, must ensure adequately established sustainability laboratory.10 All laboratories, regardless size, implement assurance program practices precision results. some countries, required law, others, accrediting bodies health insurance systems. China, results this study show 51.0% surveyed structures control, 42.6% participated control. These data indicate management capabilities uneven across lack system. Some yet able perform accurate examinations, much less mutual recognition regional weak mandatory. Moreover, there no qualification certification organizer A lot work continued strengthen management. Standardized establishment elements andrology construction. Our team, Collaborating Center Reproductive Research, continue carry out operation under instruction experts translation, review 3rd–6th versions. believe implementation works play positive role standardizing construction AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS WHL YQG designed research. LLF YL took charge acquisition, interpretation data, drafted manuscript. XWW, FZ, YG recorded checked data. LLF, WHL, revised authors read approved final COMPETING INTERESTS declare competing interests.

Language: Английский

The current situation of semen analysis in China, based on a survey of 296 laboratories DOI Creative Commons
Longlong Fu, Ying Liu, Xiaowei Wang

et al.

Asian Journal of Andrology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 220 - 221

Published: Oct. 3, 2023

Dear Editor, Semen analysis is a basic test to assess male fertility and fundamental in assisted reproductive technology. From the first publication of World Health Organization (WHO) Laboratory Manual Human Sperm-Cervical Mucus Interaction 1980,1 WHO Manual, 6th edition 2021,2 these 40 years have been recognized as providing global standard that widely used research clinical laboratories worldwide. The Chinese, which we authorized by translate, will be published soon. It has 13 since 5th was released 2010,3,4 when Asian Journal Andrology special issue on semen 21st century medicine.5 In more than 10 years, our team dedicated training promotion manual. What kind situation arrived at China currently, compared with 2009?6 And how do start for next phase work? We investigated current status examination China. Finally, evaluated analyzed assessment testing programs 296 medical units from 23 provinces Among them, 201 (67.9%) were tertiary hospitals, 67 (22.6%) secondary 17 (5.7%) below level (excluding level), 11 (3.7%) sperm banks or other nonrating institutions. Of service providers, 251 conducted based Examination Processing Semen, Manual,3 accounting 84.8%. 9.5% (28/296) institutions, 4th inspection standard. Other bases include National Clinical Practice (4th edition), (3rd etc. routine (sperm concentration motility) morphology are important parameters reflecting quality. rates reached 96.6% (286/296) 72.6% (215/296), respectively. However, counting plates motility very inconsistent. Common hematocrit 10.5% (31/296) Makler 14.9% (44/296) institutions only 6.1% (18/296) "gold standard" modified bovine cytometry method counting. majority (65.9%, 195/296) still analyze mainly manual detection staining methods not uniform. use rate Pap stain, preferred recommended 25.7% (76/296). Most (44.6%, 132/296) Diff-Quik (rapid staining), while Shorr staining, Reggie Richter staining. differences choice certainly create difficulties later laboratory quality control interlaboratory consensus.7 Further needed unified needs established. survey found 73.6% (218/296) computer-aided (CASA) systems 34.1% (101/296) CASA analysis. owing brands principles limitations computer identification technology, it difficult computerized achieve consistency accuracy morphological analysis.8 Therefore, large workload major hospitals ideological awareness testers, promote scale. development artificial intelligence (AI) system independent intellectual property rights standardized become part focus taking advantage CASA's good repeatability, fast analysis, ability quantify movement speed. internal process measures variability procedures within laboratory.9 This evaluate operations helps detect random variation (assess accuracy). Interlaboratory performed an external organization performs comparisons procedures. systematic errors assay assay. As mentioned earlier, necessary correct because technically demanding, subjective standardize. should follow laboratory, must ensure adequately established sustainability laboratory.10 All laboratories, regardless size, implement assurance program practices precision results. some countries, required law, others, accrediting bodies health insurance systems. China, results this study show 51.0% surveyed structures control, 42.6% participated control. These data indicate management capabilities uneven across lack system. Some yet able perform accurate examinations, much less mutual recognition regional weak mandatory. Moreover, there no qualification certification organizer A lot work continued strengthen management. Standardized establishment elements andrology construction. Our team, Collaborating Center Reproductive Research, continue carry out operation under instruction experts translation, review 3rd–6th versions. believe implementation works play positive role standardizing construction AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS WHL YQG designed research. LLF YL took charge acquisition, interpretation data, drafted manuscript. XWW, FZ, YG recorded checked data. LLF, WHL, revised authors read approved final COMPETING INTERESTS declare competing interests.

Language: Английский

Citations

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