Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Marine Heatwaves and Ocean Acidification Affecting Coral Environments in the Philippines DOI Creative Commons

Rose Angeli Tabanao Macagga,

Po‐Chun Hsu

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 1048 - 1048

Published: March 17, 2025

The coral reefs in the Philippines are facing an unprecedented crisis. This study, based on a comprehensive analysis of marine heatwaves (MHWs), degree heating weeks (DHWs), and ocean acidification (OA) indices derived from satellite observations reanalysis data, reveals how thermal stress OA have progressively eroded ecosystems 1985 to 2022. study analyzed 12 critical habitats adjacent Philippines. monthly average sea surface temperature (SST) area ranged 26.6 °C 29.3 °C. coast Lingayen Gulf was identified as most vulnerable reef site Philippines, followed by Davao Oriental Polillo Island. recorded highest total MHW days 2022, amounting 293 days. also reached DHW values July August with 8.94 weeks, while experienced extended duration MHWs 2020, lasting 90.5 per event. Large-scale climate features such El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Pacific Decadal (PDO) significantly influenced area’s SST anomalies events. High-risk bleaching periods, 1988–1989, 1998–1999, 2007–2008, 2009–2010, were characterized transitions Niño positive PDO phases, La Niña negative phases. However, since 2015, global warming has led high cumulative heat without specific background patterns. We propose Coral Marine Environmental Vulnerability Index (CoralVI) integrate spatiotemporal dynamics their impacts habitats. data show rapid increase environmental vulnerability recent years, extending almost entire coastline, posing significant threats survival.

Language: Английский

Dual Effects of Marine Heatwaves on Typhoon Intensity and Associated Heat Dissipation DOI Creative Commons
Tien Minh Nguyen, Po‐Chun Hsu

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 968 - 968

Published: March 9, 2025

Based on the positions of 1027 typhoons that passed through Western Pacific (WP), East China Sea (ECS), and South (SCS), results indicate category marine heatwaves (MHWs) significantly decreases or dissipates after a typhoon’s passage, with stronger causing more pronounced dissipation. The presence MHWs does not necessarily enhance typhoon intensity; in as many 151 cases, weakened despite MHWs. Furthermore, case studies were conducted using three traversed different regions—Hinnamnor (2022), Mawar (2023), Koinu (2023)—to investigate dual effects intensity their dissipation satellite observations ocean reanalysis datasets. Results show by increasing sea surface temperature (SST) heat content (OHC), while also strengthening stratification shallower mixed layer depth (MLD), creating favorable conditions for intensification. While may initially intensity, passage triggers intense vertical mixing upwelling, which disrupts MHW structures alters distribution, potentially leading to fluctuations. impact varies time space, can sustain strength loss induced typhoon. Additionally, variations OHC mean upper 100 m (T100¯) inner-core region (R50) than outer-core (R30), indicating energy exchange is concentrated inner core, broader air–sea interactions occur outer core. development SST but are highly susceptible rapid due typhoon-induced impacts, forming dynamic two-way interaction.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Marine Heatwaves and Ocean Acidification Affecting Coral Environments in the Philippines DOI Creative Commons

Rose Angeli Tabanao Macagga,

Po‐Chun Hsu

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 1048 - 1048

Published: March 17, 2025

The coral reefs in the Philippines are facing an unprecedented crisis. This study, based on a comprehensive analysis of marine heatwaves (MHWs), degree heating weeks (DHWs), and ocean acidification (OA) indices derived from satellite observations reanalysis data, reveals how thermal stress OA have progressively eroded ecosystems 1985 to 2022. study analyzed 12 critical habitats adjacent Philippines. monthly average sea surface temperature (SST) area ranged 26.6 °C 29.3 °C. coast Lingayen Gulf was identified as most vulnerable reef site Philippines, followed by Davao Oriental Polillo Island. recorded highest total MHW days 2022, amounting 293 days. also reached DHW values July August with 8.94 weeks, while experienced extended duration MHWs 2020, lasting 90.5 per event. Large-scale climate features such El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Pacific Decadal (PDO) significantly influenced area’s SST anomalies events. High-risk bleaching periods, 1988–1989, 1998–1999, 2007–2008, 2009–2010, were characterized transitions Niño positive PDO phases, La Niña negative phases. However, since 2015, global warming has led high cumulative heat without specific background patterns. We propose Coral Marine Environmental Vulnerability Index (CoralVI) integrate spatiotemporal dynamics their impacts habitats. data show rapid increase environmental vulnerability recent years, extending almost entire coastline, posing significant threats survival.

Language: Английский

Citations

0