Personalized microbiome-driven effects of non-nutritive sweeteners on human glucose tolerance

Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 185(18), P. 3307 - 3328.e19

Published: Aug. 19, 2022

Language: Английский

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The microbiota–gut–brain axis: pathways to better brain health. Perspectives on what we know, what we need to investigate and how to put knowledge into practice

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 79(2)

Published: Jan. 19, 2022

Abstract The gut and brain link via various metabolic signalling pathways, each with the potential to influence mental, cognitive health. Over past decade, involvement of microbiota in gut–brain communication has become focus increased scientific interest, establishing microbiota–gut–brain axis as a field research. There is growing number association studies exploring microbiota’s possible role memory, learning, anxiety, stress, neurodevelopmental neurodegenerative disorders. Consequently, attention now turning how can target nutritional therapeutic strategies for improved health well-being. However, while such that function are currently under development varying levels success, still very little yet known about triggers mechanisms underlying apparent on or most evidence comes from pre-clinical rather than well controlled clinical trials/investigations. Filling knowledge gaps requires standardised methodology human studies, including strong guidance specific areas axis, need more extensive biological sample analyses, identification relevant biomarkers. Other urgent requirements new advanced models vitro vivo mechanisms, greater omics technologies supporting bioinformatics resources (training, tools) efficiently translate study findings, targets populations. key building validated base rely increasing sharing multi-disciplinary collaborations, along continued public–private funding support. This will allow research move its next phase so we identify realistic opportunities modulate better

Language: Английский

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Early-life gut microbiota and its connection to metabolic health in children: Perspective on ecological drivers and need for quantitative approach

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 69, P. 103475 - 103475

Published: July 1, 2021

The colonisation and development of the gut microbiota has been implicated in paediatric metabolic disorders via its powerful effect on host immune homeostasis. Here we summarise evidence from human studies early overweight obesity. Manipulation may represent a promising target for countering burgeoning population, provided assembly patterns their health consequences can be decoded. Therefore, this review, pay particular attention to important ecological drivers affecting community dynamics microbiota. We then discuss knowledge gaps commonly studied exposures linking disorders, especially regarding maternal factors antibiotic use. This review also attempts give directions future aiming identify predictive corrective measures based microbiota.Gut microbiota; Metabolism; Paediatric obesity; Ecological driver; Dynamics; Infants

Language: Английский

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The Maternal–Fetal Gut Microbiota Axis: Physiological Changes, Dietary Influence, and Modulation Possibilities

Life, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 424 - 424

Published: March 15, 2022

The prenatal period and the first years of life have a significant impact on health issues quality an individual. appropriate development immune system central nervous are thought to be major critical determining events. In parallel these, establishing early intestinal microbiota community is another important factor for future well-being interfering with postnatal developmental processes. This review aims at summarizing main characteristics maternal gut its possible transmission offspring, thereby affecting fetal and/or neonatal health. Since dietary factors potential modulators maternal-fetal axis, we will outline current knowledge certain diets, nutritional factors, during pregnancy offspring's

Language: Английский

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Maternal consumption of a fermented diet protects offspring against intestinal inflammation by regulating the gut microbiota

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: May 4, 2022

The neonatal intestinal tract is immature and can be easily infected by pathogens causing inflammation. Maternal diet manipulation a promising nutritional strategy to enhance the gut health of offspring. A fermented microbiota targeting containing live probiotics their metabolites, which benefit overall host. However, it remains unclear how maternal (MFD) affects Here, in vivo vitro models together with multi-omics analysis were applied investigate impacts underlying mechanism through an MFD prevents from inflammation neonates. An remarkably improved performance both sows piglets significantly altered microbiome milk metabolome sows. In addition, accelerated maturation neonates increased abundance Lactobacillus microbial functions amino acid-related enzymes glucose metabolism on weaning day. Notably, reduced susceptibility colonic fecal was then transplanted into mouse dams found that pups group alleviated LPS-induced decrease barrier injury. Milk L-glutamine (GLN) reuteri (LR) as two main MFD-induced sow effectors contributed piglets. properties LR GLN modulating alleviating inhibiting phosphorylation p38 JNK activation Caspase 3 further verified. These findings provide first data revealing drives neonate development ameliorates regulating microbiota. This fundamental evidence might references for nutrition early-life prevent

Language: Английский

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Infant gut microbiota colonization: influence of prenatal and postnatal factors, focusing on diet

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Aug. 22, 2023

Maternal microbiota forms the first infant gut microbial inoculum, and perinatal factors (diet use of antibiotics during pregnancy) and/or neonatal factors, like intra partum antibiotics, gestational age mode delivery, may influence colonization. After birth, when principal colonization occurs, diversity increases converges toward a stable adult-like by end 3–5 years life. However, early life, can be disrupted other postnatal feeding, antibiotic usage, various environmental generating state dysbiosis. Gut dysbiosis have been reported to increase risk necrotizing enterocolitis some chronic diseases later in such as obesity, diabetes, cancer, allergies, asthma. Therefore, understanding impact correct maternal-to-infant transfer good maturation throughout life would reduce disease late This paper reviews published evidence on early-life development, well different influencing its evolution before, at, after focusing diet nutrition pregnancy months

Language: Английский

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Maternal microbe-specific modulation of the offspring microbiome and development during pregnancy and lactation

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: May 15, 2023

The maternal microbiome is essential for the healthy growth and development of offspring has long-term effects later in life. Recent advances indicate that begins to regulate fetal health during pregnancy. Furthermore, continues affect early microbial colonization via birth breastfeeding. Compelling evidence indicates involved regulation immune brain affects risk related diseases. Modulating by diet probiotic intervention pregnancy breastfeeding could be a promising therapy future. In this review, we summarize discuss current understanding microbiota development, perinatal metabolite transfer, mother-to-infant transmission during/after its association with as well corresponding

Language: Английский

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Maturational patterns of the infant gut mycobiome are associated with early-life body mass index

Cell Reports Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 100928 - 100928

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Unlike the bacterial microbiome, role of early-life gut fungi in host metabolism and childhood obesity development remains poorly characterized. To address this, we investigate relationship between mycobiome 100 infants from Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) Cohort Study body mass index Z scores (BMIz) first 5 years life. An increase fungal richness during year life is linked to parental infant BMI. The pattern BMIz modified by maternal BMI, diet, antibiotic exposure, beta diversity. Further, abundances Saccharomyces, Rhodotorula, Malassezia are differentially associated with BMIz. Using structural equation modeling, determine that mycobiome's contribution likely mediated microbiome. This demonstrates maturation growth trajectories distinctly linked, advocating for inclusion larger pediatric microbiome studies.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Maternal Diet on Maternal Milk and Breastfed Infant Gut Microbiomes: A Scoping Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 1420 - 1420

Published: March 15, 2023

While it is widely recognized that nutrition during pregnancy and lactation can affect the microbiome of breast milk as well formation infant gut microbiome, we are only just beginning to understand extent which maternal diet impacts these microbiomes. Given importance for health, conducted a comprehensive review published literature explore current scope knowledge regarding associations between Papers included in this assessed either or pregnancy, and/or microbiome. Sources cohort studies, randomized clinical trials, one case-control study, crossover study. From an initial 808 abstracts, identified 19 reports full analysis. Only two studies effects on both Although reviewed supports varied, nutrient-dense infant’s several found factors other than have greater impact

Language: Английский

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Ultra‐processed foods, allergy outcomes and underlying mechanisms in children: An EAACI task force report

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(9)

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Abstract Background Consumption of ultra‐processed foods [UPFs] may be associated with negative health outcomes. Limited data exist regarding the potential role UPFs in occurrence allergic diseases. The underlying mechanisms underpinning any such associations are also poorly elucidated. Methods We performed a systematic review and narrative evidence synthesis available literature to assess between UPF consumption pediatric allergy outcomes ( n = 26 papers), including on association seen gut microbiome 16 papers) or immune system 3 structure function following PRISMA guidelines. Results Dietary exposure fructose, carbonated soft drinks, sugar intake was an increased risk asthma, rhinitis, food allergies children. Commercial baby childhood allergy. Childhood fruit juices, sugar‐sweetened beverages, high carbohydrate UPFs, monosodium glutamate, advanced glycated end‐products (AGEs) Exposure common ingredients seem diseases as wheezing, allergies, atopic dermatitis, many, but not all studies. Conclusion More preclinical clinical studies required better define link asthma. These observational ideally require supporting clearly defined consumption, validated dietary measures, mechanistic assessments definitively

Language: Английский

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