Animals and zoonoses., Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Oct. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 386(6726), P. 1128 - 1134
Published: Dec. 5, 2024
In 2024, several human infections with highly pathogenic clade 2.3.4.4b bovine influenza H5N1 viruses in the United States raised concerns about their capability for bovine-to-human or even human-to-human transmission. this study, analysis of hemagglutinin (HA) from first-reported human-infecting virus (A/Texas/37/2024, Texas) revealed avian-type receptor binding preference. Notably, a Gln 226 Leu substitution switched Texas HA specificity to human-type receptors, which was enhanced when combined an Asn 224 Lys mutation. Crystal structures avian analog LSTa and its mutant LSTc elucidated structural basis preferential recognition. These findings highlight need continuous surveillance emerging mutations viruses.
Language: Английский
Citations
27
EFSA Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(7)
Published: July 1, 2024
Abstract Between 16 March and 14 June 2024, 42 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5) virus detections were reported in domestic (15) wild (27) birds across 13 countries Europe. Although the overall number of Europe has not been this low since 2019–2020 epidemiological year, HPAI viruses continue to circulate at a very level. Most poultry due indirect contact with birds, but there was also secondary spread. Outside Europe, situation intensified particularly USA, where new A(H5N1) genotype (B3.13) identified >130 dairy herds 12 states. Infection cattle appears be centred on udder, milk from infected animals showing high viral loads representing vehicle transmission. Apart cattle, two other mammal species (alpaca walrus) for first time. 20 human cases infection Vietnam (one A(H5N1), one A(H9N2)), Australia (with travel history India, A(H5N1)), USA (three China (two A(H5N6), three A(H9N2), A(H10N3)), India Mexico fatal A(H5N2) case). The latter case laboratory‐confirmed subtype A(H5N2). had exposure poultry, live markets, or prior detection onset illness. Human infections remain rare no human‐to‐human transmission observed. risk currently circulating clade 2.3.4.4b remains general public EU/EEA. low‐to‐moderate those occupationally otherwise exposed contaminated environments.
Language: Английский
Citations
21
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(15), P. 8550 - 8550
Published: Aug. 5, 2024
Avian influenza virus has been long considered the main threat for a future pandemic. Among possible avian subtypes, A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b is becoming enzootic in mammals, representing an alarming step towards In particular, genotype B3.13 recently caused outbreak US dairy cattle. Since pandemic preparedness largely based on availability of prepandemic candidate vaccine viruses, this review we will summarize current status enzootics, and challenges H5 manufacturing delivery.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 143 - 143
Published: Jan. 13, 2025
Developing novel antiviral drugs has always been a significant forefront in biological medicine research. Antiviral can be extracted, purified, and synthesized from various sources by different methods. However, they are less explored veterinary for animal viruses. This research primarily selected feline calicivirus (FCV) to screen the drug against A preliminary screening natural product library was conducted, with subsequent assessments ascertain their toxicity levels capabilities. The results showed that decitabine alprostadil were effective reducing FCV replication. (5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine) mechanism investigation. Decitabine proven modulate gene expression through its demethylating effect. Thus, we carried out further experiments found inhibited enhancing transcription of Retinoic acid-inducible I (RIG-I) gene. Moreover, also validated same effect canine influenza virus (CIV). In summary, this study unveils role CIV provides evidence insights into demethylation drug-mediated RNA
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Journal of Virology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: May 9, 2025
ABSTRACT Since 2020, the clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses have caused unprecedented outbreaks in wild birds and domestic poultry globally, resulting significant ecological damage economic losses due to disease enforced stamp-out control. In addition hosts, expanded their host range infect many mammalian species, potentially increasing zoonotic risk. Here, we review current knowns unknowns of HPAI viruses, highlight common challenges prevention. By integrating our knowledge viral evolution ecology, aim identify discrepancies gaps for a more comprehensive understanding virus. Ultimately, this will serve as theoretical foundation researchers involved related virus studies, aiding improved control prevention viruses.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Animals and zoonoses., Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Oct. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
0