Global Modeled Sinking Characteristics of Biofouled Microplastic

Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 126(4)

Published: March 20, 2021

Microplastic debris ending up at the sea surface has become a known major environmental issue. However, how microplastic particles move and when they sink in ocean remains largely unknown. Here, we model subject to biofouling (algal growth on substrate) estimate sinking timescales time reach depth where stop sinking. We combine NEMO-MEDUSA 2.0 output, that represents hydrodynamic biological properties of seawater, with particle-tracking framework. Different sizes densities (for different types plastic) are simulated, showing global distribution is size-dependent as opposed density-dependent. The smallest simulate (0.1 μm) start almost immediately around globe their trajectories take longest first (relative larger particles). In oligotrophic subtropical gyres low algal concentrations, between 1 0.01 mm do not within simulation 90 days. This suggests addition comparatively well-known physical processes, processes might also contribute accumulation floating plastic (of 1-0.01 mm) gyres. Particles μm due vertical advection, whereas equatorial Pacific more dependent biofouling. qualitative impacts seasonality small, however, localized sooner spring blooms seen. study maps affect virtual globally, which could ultimately impact budget.

Language: Английский

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Accumulation, transformation and transport of microplastics in estuarine fronts

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3(11), P. 795 - 805

Published: Nov. 9, 2022

Language: Английский

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Evidence of Microplastic Size Impact on Mobility and Transport in the Marine Environment: A Review and Synthesis of Recent Research

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Dec. 15, 2021

Marine Microplastics (MPs) exhibit a wide range of properties due to their variable origins and the weathering processes which they are exposed. MP’s versatile connected dispersal, accumulation, deposition in marine environment. MP transport dispersion often explained by analogy with sediments. For natural sediments, one key features linked morphology is particle size. There is, however, no size classification defined for particles MPs constitute all plastic sized smaller than threshold 5 mm. In this study, based on existing knowledge hydrodynamics sediment transport, impact turbulent entrainment, settling, resuspension described. Moreover, analyzing several quantitative studies that have provided distribution, size-selective accumulation various regions environment reported on. The preferential presence different compartments discussed governing hydrodynamic parameters. Furthermore, linkage between polymer shape explored. Despite evident connection presented, presents challenges. size, shape, density appear simultaneously definition many parameters described study. Unlike mineral sediments possess narrow plastics manufactured variety densities shape. Classification should incorporate variability terms

Language: Английский

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Plastic as a Vector of Dispersion for Marine Species With Invasive Potential. A Review

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: May 26, 2021

Plastic debris constitutes up to 87% of marine litter and represents one the most frequently studied vectors for alien species with invasive potential in last 15 years. This review addresses an integrated analysis different factors involved impact plastic as a vector dispersal species. The sources entry materials into ocean are identified well how they move between habitats affecting each trophic level producing hot spots accumulation ocean. characterization has provided information about inherent properties plastics which have led its on ocean: persistence, buoyancy, variety terms chemical composition, all facilitate colonization by macro microscopic along dispersion throughout oceans ecosystems. study differences biocolonization according composition fundamental regarding invasion process mediated plastic, highlighted gaps knowledge this process. A wide range attached been documented recurrent phyla found from potentially macrofauna toxic microorganisms, capable causing great damage places far away their origin. seems be more efficient than natural oceanic rafts carrying taxa such Arthropoda, Annelida, Mollusca. Although differential polymers is not clear, might determine community where we can find both pathogens virulent antibiotic resistance genes. allow it widely dispersed practically compartments, making material effective means transport many that could become invasive.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances on the transport of microplastics/nanoplastics in abiotic and biotic compartments

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 438, P. 129515 - 129515

Published: July 2, 2022

Language: Английский

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