Science Bulletin,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
69(16), P. 2632 - 2646
Published: March 25, 2024
Given
that
it
was
a
once-in-a-century
emergency
event,
the
confinement
measures
related
to
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
pandemic
caused
diverse
disruptions
and
changes
in
life
work
patterns.
These
significantly
affected
water
consumption
both
during
after
pandemic,
with
direct
indirect
consequences
on
biodiversity.
However,
there
has
been
lack
of
holistic
evaluation
these
responses.
Here,
we
propose
novel
framework
study
impacts
this
unique
global
event
by
embedding
an
environmentally
extended
supply-constrained
multi-regional
input-output
model
(MRIO)
into
drivers-pressure-state-impact-response
(DPSIR)
framework.
This
allowed
us
develop
scenarios
COVID-19
quantify
country-sector-specific
freshwater
associated
biodiversity
for
period
2020-2025.
The
results
suggest
progressively
diminishing
due
implementation
vaccines
socio-economic
system's
self-adjustment
new
normal.
In
2020,
were
estimated
decrease
about
5.7%
average
across
all
when
compared
baseline
level
no
measures.
Further,
such
is
lead
reduction
around
5%
pressure
interdependencies
interactions
supply
chains,
even
those
countries
sectors
not
directly
shocks
experienced
significant
impacts:
Our
indicate
chain
propagations
contributed
79%
total
84%
loss
average.
demonstrates
MRIO-enhanced
DSPIR
can
help
resource
pressures
resultant
environmental
chains
facing
event.
recommend
development
more
locally
based
conservation
measures-to
mitigate
effects
trade
disruptions-and
explicit
inclusion
resources
post-pandemic
recovery
schemes.
addition,
innovations
conserve
natural
are
essential
maintaining
gains
world.
Frontiers in Climate,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
4
Published: June 7, 2022
Despite
the
significant
volume
of
fiscal
recovery
measures
announced
by
countries
to
deal
with
COVID-19
crisis,
most
plans
allocate
a
low
percentage
green
recovery.
We
present
scenarios
exploring
medium-
and
long-term
impact
crisis
develop
Green
Recovery
scenario
using
three
well-established
global
models
analyze
low-carbon
focused
stimulus.
The
results
show
that
scenario,
1%
GDP
in
support
directed
mitigation
for
3
years,
could
reduce
CO
2
emissions
10.5–15.5%
below
pre-COVID-19
projections
2030,
closing
8–11.5%
gap
cost-optimal
2°C
pathways.
share
renewables
electricity
generation
is
projected
reach
45%
uptake
electric
vehicles
would
be
accelerated,
energy
efficiency
buildings
industry
sector
improve.
However,
such
temporary
investment
should
reinforced
sustained
climate
policies
after
2023
put
world
on
pathway
mid-century.
EarthArXiv (California Digital Library),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 5, 2023
Record
breaking
atmospheric
methane
growth
rates
were
observed
in
2020
and
2021
(15.2±0.4
17.6±0.5ppb
yr
-1
),
reaching
their
highest
level
since
the
commencement
of
ground-based
observations
early
1980s.Here
we
use
an
ensemble
inversions
informed
by
surface
or
satellite
concentration
to
infer
emission
changes
during
these
two
years
relative
2019.We
found
a
global
increases
emissions
20.3±9.9Tg
CH4
24.8±3.1
Tg
2021.The
rise
was
dominated
tropical
boreal
regions
with
inundated
areas,
as
result
elevated
groundwater
table.Strong,
synchronous,
persistent
occurred
such
Niger
River
basin,
Congo
Sudd
swamp,
Ganges
floodplains
Southeast
Asian
deltas
Hudson
Bay
lowlands.These
alone
contributed
about
70%
60%
net
2021,
respectively.Comparing
our
top-down
estimates
simulation
wetland
biogeochemical
models,
find
that
bottom-up
models
significantly
underestimate
intra-and
inter-annual
variability
sources
from
areas.This
discrepancy
likely
arises
models'
limitations
accurately
representing
dynamics
extents
response
environmental
changes.Our
findings
demonstrate
critical
role
areas
recent
surge
highlight
value
integrating
multiple
data
streams
modeling
tools
better
constrain
emissions.
MainIn
rate
(MGR)
atmosphere
reached
15.2±0.4
17.6±0.5parts
per
billion
year
(ppb
)
respectively,
hitting
record
high
systematic
measurements
started
1980s
NOAA's
Global
Monitoring
Laboratory
(GML)
(Lan
et
al.,
2023;
https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends_ch4/).The
unprecedented
coincided
reduced
human
activities
pollutant
COVID-19
lockdowns
gradual
recovery
Science Bulletin,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
69(16), P. 2632 - 2646
Published: March 25, 2024
Given
that
it
was
a
once-in-a-century
emergency
event,
the
confinement
measures
related
to
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
pandemic
caused
diverse
disruptions
and
changes
in
life
work
patterns.
These
significantly
affected
water
consumption
both
during
after
pandemic,
with
direct
indirect
consequences
on
biodiversity.
However,
there
has
been
lack
of
holistic
evaluation
these
responses.
Here,
we
propose
novel
framework
study
impacts
this
unique
global
event
by
embedding
an
environmentally
extended
supply-constrained
multi-regional
input-output
model
(MRIO)
into
drivers-pressure-state-impact-response
(DPSIR)
framework.
This
allowed
us
develop
scenarios
COVID-19
quantify
country-sector-specific
freshwater
associated
biodiversity
for
period
2020-2025.
The
results
suggest
progressively
diminishing
due
implementation
vaccines
socio-economic
system's
self-adjustment
new
normal.
In
2020,
were
estimated
decrease
about
5.7%
average
across
all
when
compared
baseline
level
no
measures.
Further,
such
is
lead
reduction
around
5%
pressure
interdependencies
interactions
supply
chains,
even
those
countries
sectors
not
directly
shocks
experienced
significant
impacts:
Our
indicate
chain
propagations
contributed
79%
total
84%
loss
average.
demonstrates
MRIO-enhanced
DSPIR
can
help
resource
pressures
resultant
environmental
chains
facing
event.
recommend
development
more
locally
based
conservation
measures-to
mitigate
effects
trade
disruptions-and
explicit
inclusion
resources
post-pandemic
recovery
schemes.
addition,
innovations
conserve
natural
are
essential
maintaining
gains
world.
