Anthropogenic warming has ushered in an era of temperature-dominated droughts in the western United States

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(45)

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

Historically, meteorological drought in the western United States (WUS) has been driven primarily by precipitation deficits. However, our observational analysis shows that, since around 2000, rising surface temperature and resulting high evaporative demand have contributed more to severity (62%) coverage (66%) over WUS than deficit. This increase during droughts, mostly attributable anthropogenic warming according analyses of both observations climate model simulations, is main cause increased coverage. The unprecedented 2020–2022 exemplifies this shift drivers, with accounting for 61% its severity, compared 39% from Climate simulations corroborate project under fossil-fueled development scenario (SSP5-8.5), droughts like event will transition a one-in-more-than-a-thousand-year pre-2022 period 1-in-60-year mid-21st century 1-in-6-year late-21st century.

Language: Английский

Recent Decline in Global Ocean Evaporation Due To Wind Stilling

Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 52(4)

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Abstract Ocean evaporation ( E o ) is the major source of atmospheric water vapor and precipitation. While it widely recognized that may increase in a warming climate, recent studies have reported diminished global since ∼2000s, raising doubts about changes . Using satellite observations, here we show while strongly increased from 1988 to 2017, upward trend reversed late 2000s. Since then, two‐thirds ocean experienced weakened evaporation, leading slight decreasing global‐averaged during 2008–2017. This suggests even with saturated surface, warmer climate does not always result evaporation. The reversal primarily attributed wind stilling, which likely tied Northern Oscillation Index shifting positive negative phases. These findings offer crucial insights into diverse responses hydrological cycle change.

Language: Английский

Influence of internal variability on future changes in surface wind speed in China with two large ensemble simulations

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. e0319210 - e0319210

Published: March 21, 2025

Wind energy, as one of the renewable energy sources, plays a crucial role in global system’s transition to clean energy. China possesses vast and widely distributed wind resources, recent years, it has rapidly developed begun large-scale commercial utilization. Therefore, studying changes surface speeds (SWSs) is highly important for development China. This study utilizes two initial condition large ensemble simulations project future SWSs over The sets models used are CanESM2-LE CESM1-LE. By comparing results from these models, influence internal variability climate system on studied. Both can effectively reproduce climatological spatial distribution reanalysis. Results both indicate that external forcing leads an increase winter eastern China, while decreases southeastern coastal areas southwestern Tibet. In summer, exhibits pattern decrease north south. magnitude speed greater than summer. Additionally, projected period extends, intensifies. research provide scientific basis planning power deployment.

Language: Английский