Probiotics Against Veterinary Infectious Diseases

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Predicting Foodborne Pathogens and Probiotics Taxa within Poultry-Related Microbiomes Using a Machine Learning Approach

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 22, 2023

Abstract Background Microbiomes that can serve as an indicator of gut, intestinal, and general health humans animals are largely influenced by food consumed contaminant bioagents. Microbiome studies usually focus on estimating the alpha (within sample) beta (similarity/dissimilarity among samples) diversities. This study took a combinatorial approach applied machine learning to microbiome data predict presence disease-causing pathogens their association with known/potential probiotic taxa. Here, 16S rRNA gene high-throughput Illumina sequencing temporal pre-harvest (feces, soil) samples 41 pastured poultry flocks from southeastern U.S. farms were used generate relative abundance operational taxonomic units (OTUs) input. Unique genera OTUs predictors prevalence foodborne ( Salmonella , Campylobacter Listeria ) at different stages growth (START (2–4 weeks old), MID (5–7 END (8–11 old)), farm management practices physicochemical properties. Result While we did not see any significant associations between known probiotics or observed negative correlations Bacillus Clostridium mid-timepoint sample collection. Our indicates correlation potential both early end-timepoint Furthermore, our model prediction shows changes in operations such how often houses moved pasture, age which chickens introduced diet composition, other could favorably increase activity reduce prevalence. Conclusion Integration using provided insights transmission along farm-to-fork continuum. Altering support proliferation beneficial pathogen identified here constitute complementary method existing but ineffective interventions vaccination bacteriophage cocktails usage. Study findings also corroborate bacterial Caloramator, DA101, Parabacteroides, Faecalibacterium probiotics.

Language: Английский

---

Influence of gut microbiota on Campylobacter colonization and antimicrobial resistance development in the chicken host

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Campylobacter, predominantly Campylobacter jejuni, is a global foodborne and zoonotic pathogen responsible for significant portion of the gastroenteritis diarrheal illness in humans worldwide. Antibiotic-resistant also recognized as serious threat to public health because it limits treatment options increases severity infections. Contaminated poultry meat has been identified most common source infection many countries, including United States. Therefore, effective control at farm level would greatly reduce spread through food supply chain. In this project, we deciphered association between colonization gut microbiota composition commercial broilers. We evaluated efficacy using fecal transplantation (FMT) potential method reducing Additionally, assessed impact treating broilers with enrofloxacin (ENRO) on metabolic processes. The key findings project can be summarized follows. 1) Significant differences microbial diversity were observed cecal structure Campylobacter-negative Campylobacter-positive broiler flocks over multiple production cycles. 2) FMT reduced significantly when challenge was given individual birds via oral gavage, but not done horizontally by use seeder birds. 3) ENRO initially quickly selected fluoroquinolone (FQ)-resistant mutants treated 4) Both treatments altered significantly; additionally, had substantial metabolism. conclusion, these results showed that differed based their status under settings could substantially influence development FQ-resistance chicken intestine laboratory conditions. These provide valuable insights developing microbiota-based approaches may used mitigate broilers, thereby enhancing safety transmission from humans.

Language: Английский

---