Understanding the effectiveness of government interventions against the resurgence of COVID-19 in Europe

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Oct. 5, 2021

European governments use non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to control resurging waves of COVID-19. However, they only have outdated estimates for how effective individual NPIs were in the first wave. We estimate effectiveness 17 Europe's second wave from subnational case and death data by introducing a flexible hierarchical Bayesian transmission model collecting largest dataset NPI implementation dates across Europe. Business closures, educational institution gathering bans reduced transmission, but it less than did This difference is likely due organisational safety measures protective behaviours-such as distancing-which made various areas public life safer thereby effect closing them. Specifically, we find smaller effects institutions, suggesting that stringent schools compared Second-wave outperform previous at predicting third

Language: Английский

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Patterns of compliance with COVID-19 preventive behaviours: a latent class analysis of 20 000 UK adults

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 76(3), P. 247 - 253

Published: Sept. 14, 2021

Background Governments have implemented a range of measures to tackle COVID-19, primarily focusing on changing citizens’ behaviours in order lower the transmission virus. Few studies looked at patterns compliance with different within individuals: whether people comply all or selectively choose some but not others. Such research is important for designing interventions increase compliance. Methods We used cross-sectional data from 20 947 UK adults COVID-19 Social Study collected 17 November 23 December 2020. Self-report was assessed six behaviours: mask wearing, hand washing, indoor household mixing, outdoor social distancing and other guidelines. Patterns behaviour were identified using latent class analysis, multinomial logistic regression assess demographic, socioeconomic personality predictors patterns. Results selected four-latent solution. Most individuals reported similar levels across measures. High level modal response. Lower self-reported related young age, high risk-taking behaviour, low confidence government empathy, among factors. Looking individual behaviours, wearing had highest while relatively low. Conclusion suggest that guidelines, rather than Strategies should focus increasing general motivations alongside specifically encouraging distancing.

Language: Английский

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Development and validation of the pandemic fatigue scale

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Oct. 10, 2023

The existence and nature of pandemic fatigue-defined as a gradually emerging subjective state weariness exhaustion from, general demotivation towards, following recommended health-protective behaviors, including keeping oneself informed during pandemic-has been debated. Herein, we introduce the Pandemic Fatigue Scale show how fatigue evolved COVID-19 pandemic, using data from one panel survey two repeated cross-sectional surveys in Denmark Germany (overall N = 34,582). We map correlates that is negatively related to people's self-reported adherence behaviors. Manipulating (de)motivational aspect preregistered online experiment (N 1584), further affects intention adhere Combined, these findings provide evidence not only for fatigue, but also its psychological behavioral associations.

Language: Английский

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Facilitators and barriers to compliance with COVID-19 guidelines: a structural topic modelling analysis of free-text data from 17,500 UK adults

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 6, 2022

Abstract Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, UK government implemented a series of guidelines, rules, and restrictions to change citizens’ behaviour tackle spread virus, such as promotion face masks imposition lockdown stay-at-home orders. The success measures requires active co-operation on part citizens, but compliance was not complete. Detailed research is required factors that aided or hindered with these measures. Methods To understand facilitators barriers we used structural topic modelling, text mining technique, extract themes from over 26,000 free-text survey responses 17,500 adults, collected between 17 November 23 December 2020. Results main facilitating were desires reduce risk oneself one’s family friends to, lesser extent, general public. Also importance desire return normality, availability activities technological means contact friends, ability work home. Identified difficulties maintaining social distancing in public (due actions other people environmental constraints), need provide receive support isolation, missing loved ones, mental health impacts, perceiving risks low, pressure comply, understanding keep abreast changing rules. Several raised related participant characteristics. Notably, women more likely discuss needing family. Conclusion results demonstrated an array contributed guidelines. Of particular policy importance, suggest communication emphasizes potential virus provides simple, consistent guidance how would improve preventive behaviours continues for future pandemics.

Language: Английский

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Development and Validation of the Pandemic Fatigue Scale

Published: Dec. 17, 2020

The existence and nature of pandemic fatigue––defined as a gradually emerging subjective state weariness exhaustion from, general demotivation towards, following recommended health-protective behaviors, including keeping oneself informed during pandemic––has been debated. Herein, we introduce the Pandemic Fatigue Scale show how fatigue evolved COVID-19 pandemic, using data from one panel survey two repeated cross-sectional surveys in Denmark Germany (overall N = 34,582). We map correlates that is negatively related to people’s self-reported adherence behaviors. Manipulating (de)motivational aspect preregistered online experiment (N 1,584), further affects intention adhere Combined, these findings provide evidence not only for fatigue, but also its psychological behavioral associations.

Language: Английский

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No evidence that mask-wearing in public places elicits risk compensation behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

Abstract Face masks have been widely employed as a personal protective measure during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, concerns remain that create false sense of security reduces adherence to other public health measures, including social distancing. This paper tested whether mask-wearing was negatively associated with distancing compliance. In two studies, we combined video-observational records in Dutch cities natural-experimental approach evaluate effect an area-based mask mandate. We found no observational evidence association between and but positive link crowding violations. Our analysis showed mandate did not significantly affect or levels. results alleviate concern use compliance increases On hand, reduction may be viable strategy mitigate

Language: Английский

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Engagement with protective behaviours in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic: a series of cross-sectional surveys (the COVID-19 rapid survey of adherence to interventions and responses [CORSAIR] study)

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: March 10, 2022

Behaviour is key to suppressing the COVID-19 pandemic. Maintaining behaviour change can be difficult. We investigated engagement with hand cleaning, reducing number of outings, and wearing a face covering over course

Language: Английский

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Longitudinal Assessment of Sexual Behavior and Relationship Quality During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Britain: Findings from a Longitudinal Population Survey (Natsal-COVID)

The Journal of Sex Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 11

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

While the impact of social restrictions on sexual and romantic life early in COVID-19 pandemic has been widely studied, little is known about impacts beyond initial months. We analyzed responses from 2,098 British adults (aged 18-59) taking part Natsal-COVID study (Waves 1 2). Participants were recruited via a web panel surveyed twice: four months one year after start UK's first national lockdown (July 2020 March 2021). Changes prevalence frequency participants' physical virtual behaviors between two surveys using multinomial logistic regression. quality intimate relationships modeled regression for 1,407 participants steady relationships, adjusting age, gender, relationship status. The reported any activity amongst full sample increased over period (from 88.1% to 91.5%, aOR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.23-1.84). Increases observed (aOR 1.41, 1.15-1.74) 1.20, 1.07-1.34) activities, particularly masturbation 1.53, 1.37-1.72). larger men than women. proportion whose scored as "lower quality" 23.9% 26.9%, 1.28, 1.10-1.49). These findings have implications understanding health needs during disasters planning service priorities following pandemic.

Language: Английский

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Investigating the association between health vulnerabilities and police enforcement during the Covid-19 pandemic: A novel study using linked administrative data in Scotland

Journal of Criminology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Public health regulations introduced in response to the Covid-19 pandemic placed unprecedented restrictions on U.K. public. To maximise compliance with regulations, new policing powers were enabling officers issue Fixed Penalty Notices (FPNs) those believed have breached them. In Scotland, where over 20,000 Covid-FPNs issued for regulatory breaches, police reported particular challenges dealing non-compliance amongst people vulnerabilities involving mental illness and substance use. Health studies suggest that such conditions most severely impacted by a whole range of ways; however, there are no existing whether this includes use enforcement. Our study addresses gap using linked administrative data from organisations Scotland. Using case-control design, we found who had accessed services psychiatric or more likely received Covid-FPN, especially during first lockdown. The strength association was greatest multiple accessing both before pandemic. findings disproportionately suffering and/or addictions point previously unidentified justice inequality. This novel linkage highlights importance taking into greater consideration when planning future preparedness.

Language: Английский

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Intimate physical contact between people from different households during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-methods study from a large, quasi-representative survey (Natsal-COVID)

BMJ Open, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. e055284 - e055284

Published: Feb. 1, 2022

Physical distancing as a non-pharmaceutical intervention aims to reduce interactions between people prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Intimate physical contact outside the household (IPCOH) may expand transmission networks by connecting households. We aimed explore whether intimacy needs impacted adherence following lockdown in Britain March 2020. The Natsal-COVID web-panel survey (July-August 2020) used quota-sampling and weighting achieve quasi-representative population sample. estimate reporting of IPCOH with romantic/sexual partner 4 weeks prior interview, describe type contact, identify demographic behavioural factors associated present age-adjusted ORs (aORs). Qualitative interviews (n=18) were conducted understand context, reasons decision making around IPCOH. Of 6654 participants aged 18-59 years, 9.9% (95% CI 9.1% 10.6%) reported was highest those 18-24 (17.7%), identifying gay or lesbian (19.5%), steady non-cohabiting relationships (56.3%). risk behaviours (eg, condomless sex, higher alcohol consumption). less likely among bad/very bad health (aOR 0.54; 95% 0.32 0.93) but more COVID-19 symptoms and/or diagnosis 1.34; 1.10 1.65). Two-thirds (64.4%) being within support bubble. found that deliberated over, made efforts mitigate, risks. Given 90% did not report IPCOH, this be large additional contributor transmission, although heterogeneity exists population. Public messages need recognise how single partners living apart balance sexual relationship control measures.

Language: Английский

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