Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(2), P. e2 - e3
Published: Nov. 18, 2024
Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar; Schnitzer, Mireille E.; Carabali, Mabel; Talbot, Denis Author Information
Language: Английский
Statistics in Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 44(5)
Published: Feb. 21, 2025
ABSTRACT The test‐negative design (TND), which is routinely used for monitoring seasonal flu vaccine effectiveness (VE), has recently become integral to COVID‐19 surveillance, notably in Québec, Canada. Some studies have addressed the identifiability and estimation of causal parameters under TND, but efficiency bounds nonparametric estimators target parameter unconfoundedness assumption not yet been investigated. Motivated by goal improving adjustment measured confounders when estimating VE among community‐dwelling people aged years we propose a one‐step doubly robust locally efficient estimator called TNDDR (TND robust), utilizes cross‐fitting (sample splitting) can incorporate machine learning techniques estimate nuisance functions thus improve control confounders. We derive influence function (EIF) marginal expectation outcome vaccination intervention, explore von Mises expansion, establish conditions ‐consistency, asymptotic normality, double robustness TNDDR. proposed supported both theoretical empirical justifications.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
iScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(4), P. 109428 - 109428
Published: March 4, 2024
Multimorbidity entails a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 complications. We examined vaccine effectiveness (VE) stratified by multimorbidity using case-control study territory-wide electronic health records in Hong Kong. Cases (testing positive), hospitalization, mortality were identified from January to March 2022. Controls matched age, sex, outpatient attendance/hospitalization date, Charlson Comorbidity Index. demonstrated consistently good VE among people with increased burden; even more so than those minimal such burden. There was also significantly greater after third dose BNT162b2 or CoronaVac against infection. The difference between without less pronounced for COVID-19-related negligible. In conclusion, both vaccines complex burden is significant. Further roll-out should prioritize multimorbidity.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11
Published: Oct. 30, 2024
Observational studies on COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) have provided critical real-world data, informing public health policy globally. These studies, primarily using pre-existing data sources, been indispensable in assessing VE across diverse populations and developing sustainable vaccination strategies. Cohort design is frequently employed research. The rapid implementation of campaigns during the pandemic introduced differential influenced by sociodemographic disparities, policies, perceived risks, health-promoting behaviors, status, potentially resulting biases such as healthy user bias, vaccinee effect, frailty depletion susceptibility confounding indication. overwhelming burden healthcare systems has escalated risk inaccuracies, leading to outcome misclassifications. Additionally, extensive array diagnostic tests used also contributed misclassification biases. urgency publish quickly may further these or led their oversight, affecting validity findings. vary considerably depending setting, analytical methods are likely more pronounced low- middle-income country (LMIC) settings due inadequate infrastructure. Addressing mitigating essential for accurate estimates, guiding strategies, sustaining trust programs. Transparent communication about rigorous improvement future observational essential.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(2), P. e2 - e3
Published: Nov. 18, 2024
Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar; Schnitzer, Mireille E.; Carabali, Mabel; Talbot, Denis Author Information
Language: Английский
Citations
0