Bereavement, prolonged grief, and the prevention of alcohol misuse DOI Creative Commons
Jeremy W. Luk

Alcohol Clinical and Experimental Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 27, 2024

In their recent article, Bottomley et al. (2024) examined the prevalence and correlates of current problematic alcohol use among 1529 adults who ever experienced death a significant other in lifetime. Leveraging data from national sample, authors found that 30.3% bereaved were screened positive for use, which was assessed using AUDIT-C (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption) as proxy measure. The suggested this estimate higher than rates binge heavy drinking general US population, underscores possibility can be precipitating factor individuals. further reported shorter time since other, meeting presumptive criteria major depressive disorder, prolonged grief disorder independently associated with odds use. Besides large sample size, thorough consideration bereavement-related factors (e.g., kinship category decedent cause death) multiple psychiatric conditions depression, posttraumatic stress disorder) is substantial merit it helps identify features used to inform prevention intervention strategies. findings by are relevance clinical practice, though an empirical paper, did not provide detailed information about diagnosis treatment disorder—a topic may interest readers Alcohol: Clinical Experimental Research. goal commentary elaborate on these points organized into three sections. First, I describe scope problem draw attention official recognition distinct diagnosis. Second, discuss implications emphasize importance well-timed evidence-based noting all types mental health services equally efficacious. Third, offer ideas promote integration grief-focused psychotherapy addiction highlight need future research examine bereavement misuse underserved populations. Bereavement near universal human experience most individuals would encounter at some point lives. loss loved one profoundly distressing emotionally painful, experiencing yearning lost along sadness acute phase after often considered part normative reactions (Jordan & Litz, 2014). While typically decrease intensity over individuals, 1 10 remains persistent, debilitating, impairing everyday functioning despite passage (Lundorff al., 2017). Among following unnatural or traumatic losses accidents, disasters, suicides, homicides), estimated even 49% (Djelantik 2020). These suggest context quite common conceptualized life stressor increases risk maladaptive coping mechanism (Geda 2024). latest versions International Classification Diseases (ICD-11; 11th Revision) Diagnostic Statistical Manual Mental (DSM-5-TR; Fifth Edition, Text Revision), has been officially recognized diagnosable condition (Szuhany 2021; Zachar 2023). This new defined "a post-loss syndrome intense preoccupying longer expected according social, cultural, religious norms" (p. 1228), duration clinically symptoms lasting least 6 months (ICD-11) 12 (DSM-5-TR) (Simon Shear, It proposed formal help responses link them appropriate resources treatments (Prigerson 2022). Despite developments, limited prior whether population. Addressing gap, identification window development create opportunity efforts one. idea consistent finding where within past year had highest rate A challenge field underutilization partly attributable barriers such low perceived care, stigma, usefulness available (Venegas 2021). provision integrates address barriers. facing increase care external rather "personal failure" (Keyes 2010). experience, more open getting without feeling judged held responsible (Kilian offering grief-specific support during seen relevant useful potential utilization rates. Regarding last point, notable half misused study utilized form (52.7%), substantially population alcohol-specific those (7.3%) (Han provided breakdown type utilized, including individual counseling, family religion-based group medication assistance, inpatient services. informative, categorization specify approaches professionally trained clinicians facilitators. area warrants research. Related issue categorizing types, possible appeared population-based estimates due inclusive nature categories counseling have included studies). standardized approach categorize alcohol/substance modalities resolve inconsistencies facilitate meaningful comparisons across various studies. delineation important because different Current evidence suggests cognitive behavioral therapies (CBT) strongest support, whereas groups brief contact interventions they commonly (LaPlante Core components CBT include (1) establishing lay land through psychoeducation, (2) promoting self-regulation reappraisal troubling thoughts beliefs, (3) building connections share pain let others help, (4) setting aspirational goals lead emotions sense purpose, (5) revisiting world exposure previously avoided situations, (6) creating acceptable account story death, (7) reviewing negative memories deceased (Shear, 2015). comorbid substance empirically evaluated (Kline 2023), focused integrate yet developed tested. integrated highlighted analyses showed but uniquely adults. conceptual synthesis, Luk Thompson framework map dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) skills domains implicated contemporary so effectively prioritize DBT disorder. addictions neuroclinical assessment (i.e., executive function, incentive salience, emotionality) quality domains. As "third wave" therapy, training component incorporates motivational interviewing Pros Cons) traditional challenging captured Check Facts skill activation Opposite Action skill), expanded list Dialectical Abstinence, mindfulness techniques, acceptance broad range makes attractive option complexity For instance, unchangeable DBT's Radical Acceptance well suited total complete way, thereby reducing suffering increasing adaptive functioning. Recognizing biopsychosocial wellbeing recovery (Hagman 2022), ABC PLEASE tailored issues encounter. Specifically, Accumulating via pleasurable events valued aligned activities psychological social Building mastery recover control life. Coping ahead difficult situations plan capacity when faced remind certain places, holiday season, anniversary one). Finally, encourages take physical lifestyle changes treating illness, balanced diet, adequate sleep, exercise) emotional health, beneficial reengage world. needed establish efficacy co-occurring work utilize judgment incorporate specific enhance practice patients deemed appropriate. terms direction, examination populations, older alcohol-associated liver disease, warranted. identified its adverse effects concern (White Although affect ages, especially manage might socially isolated and/or chronic medical conditions. Thus, increased interest. underutilized cirrhosis, 12-month 32% (Luk Individuals cirrhosis greater socioeconomic vulnerabilities continued misuse. On top vulnerability factors, one, if diseases, questions prognosis own emotions. Extending (2024), bereavement, grief, disease better serve underrepresented supported Intramural Program National Institutes Health Division Biological Research Institute Alcohol Abuse Alcoholism. author no conflicts disclose. N/A.

Language: Английский

Bereavement, prolonged grief, and the prevention of alcohol misuse DOI Creative Commons
Jeremy W. Luk

Alcohol Clinical and Experimental Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 27, 2024

In their recent article, Bottomley et al. (2024) examined the prevalence and correlates of current problematic alcohol use among 1529 adults who ever experienced death a significant other in lifetime. Leveraging data from national sample, authors found that 30.3% bereaved were screened positive for use, which was assessed using AUDIT-C (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption) as proxy measure. The suggested this estimate higher than rates binge heavy drinking general US population, underscores possibility can be precipitating factor individuals. further reported shorter time since other, meeting presumptive criteria major depressive disorder, prolonged grief disorder independently associated with odds use. Besides large sample size, thorough consideration bereavement-related factors (e.g., kinship category decedent cause death) multiple psychiatric conditions depression, posttraumatic stress disorder) is substantial merit it helps identify features used to inform prevention intervention strategies. findings by are relevance clinical practice, though an empirical paper, did not provide detailed information about diagnosis treatment disorder—a topic may interest readers Alcohol: Clinical Experimental Research. goal commentary elaborate on these points organized into three sections. First, I describe scope problem draw attention official recognition distinct diagnosis. Second, discuss implications emphasize importance well-timed evidence-based noting all types mental health services equally efficacious. Third, offer ideas promote integration grief-focused psychotherapy addiction highlight need future research examine bereavement misuse underserved populations. Bereavement near universal human experience most individuals would encounter at some point lives. loss loved one profoundly distressing emotionally painful, experiencing yearning lost along sadness acute phase after often considered part normative reactions (Jordan & Litz, 2014). While typically decrease intensity over individuals, 1 10 remains persistent, debilitating, impairing everyday functioning despite passage (Lundorff al., 2017). Among following unnatural or traumatic losses accidents, disasters, suicides, homicides), estimated even 49% (Djelantik 2020). These suggest context quite common conceptualized life stressor increases risk maladaptive coping mechanism (Geda 2024). latest versions International Classification Diseases (ICD-11; 11th Revision) Diagnostic Statistical Manual Mental (DSM-5-TR; Fifth Edition, Text Revision), has been officially recognized diagnosable condition (Szuhany 2021; Zachar 2023). This new defined "a post-loss syndrome intense preoccupying longer expected according social, cultural, religious norms" (p. 1228), duration clinically symptoms lasting least 6 months (ICD-11) 12 (DSM-5-TR) (Simon Shear, It proposed formal help responses link them appropriate resources treatments (Prigerson 2022). Despite developments, limited prior whether population. Addressing gap, identification window development create opportunity efforts one. idea consistent finding where within past year had highest rate A challenge field underutilization partly attributable barriers such low perceived care, stigma, usefulness available (Venegas 2021). provision integrates address barriers. facing increase care external rather "personal failure" (Keyes 2010). experience, more open getting without feeling judged held responsible (Kilian offering grief-specific support during seen relevant useful potential utilization rates. Regarding last point, notable half misused study utilized form (52.7%), substantially population alcohol-specific those (7.3%) (Han provided breakdown type utilized, including individual counseling, family religion-based group medication assistance, inpatient services. informative, categorization specify approaches professionally trained clinicians facilitators. area warrants research. Related issue categorizing types, possible appeared population-based estimates due inclusive nature categories counseling have included studies). standardized approach categorize alcohol/substance modalities resolve inconsistencies facilitate meaningful comparisons across various studies. delineation important because different Current evidence suggests cognitive behavioral therapies (CBT) strongest support, whereas groups brief contact interventions they commonly (LaPlante Core components CBT include (1) establishing lay land through psychoeducation, (2) promoting self-regulation reappraisal troubling thoughts beliefs, (3) building connections share pain let others help, (4) setting aspirational goals lead emotions sense purpose, (5) revisiting world exposure previously avoided situations, (6) creating acceptable account story death, (7) reviewing negative memories deceased (Shear, 2015). comorbid substance empirically evaluated (Kline 2023), focused integrate yet developed tested. integrated highlighted analyses showed but uniquely adults. conceptual synthesis, Luk Thompson framework map dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) skills domains implicated contemporary so effectively prioritize DBT disorder. addictions neuroclinical assessment (i.e., executive function, incentive salience, emotionality) quality domains. As "third wave" therapy, training component incorporates motivational interviewing Pros Cons) traditional challenging captured Check Facts skill activation Opposite Action skill), expanded list Dialectical Abstinence, mindfulness techniques, acceptance broad range makes attractive option complexity For instance, unchangeable DBT's Radical Acceptance well suited total complete way, thereby reducing suffering increasing adaptive functioning. Recognizing biopsychosocial wellbeing recovery (Hagman 2022), ABC PLEASE tailored issues encounter. Specifically, Accumulating via pleasurable events valued aligned activities psychological social Building mastery recover control life. Coping ahead difficult situations plan capacity when faced remind certain places, holiday season, anniversary one). Finally, encourages take physical lifestyle changes treating illness, balanced diet, adequate sleep, exercise) emotional health, beneficial reengage world. needed establish efficacy co-occurring work utilize judgment incorporate specific enhance practice patients deemed appropriate. terms direction, examination populations, older alcohol-associated liver disease, warranted. identified its adverse effects concern (White Although affect ages, especially manage might socially isolated and/or chronic medical conditions. Thus, increased interest. underutilized cirrhosis, 12-month 32% (Luk Individuals cirrhosis greater socioeconomic vulnerabilities continued misuse. On top vulnerability factors, one, if diseases, questions prognosis own emotions. Extending (2024), bereavement, grief, disease better serve underrepresented supported Intramural Program National Institutes Health Division Biological Research Institute Alcohol Abuse Alcoholism. author no conflicts disclose. N/A.

Language: Английский

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