Using morphometrics to distinguish the restinga and cerrado ecotypes of wild Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae): a preliminary study in northeastern Brazil DOI Creative Commons
Juliana Cardozo de Farias, Simon Joseph Mayo, Irlaine Rodrigues Vieira

et al.

Plant Systematics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 310(1)

Published: Jan. 6, 2024

Abstract The cashew tree Anacardium occidentale is a globally important food species and in Brazil natural component of cerrado restinga vegetation has an role local economies as medicinal plant. Nevertheless, diversity studies wild populations—the most reservoir variation—of this naturally widespread are urgently needed for conservation strategies because human impact on tropical American ecosystems where it occurs. Here, we sought to differentiate the previously recognized ecotypes using multivariate morphometrics populations limited area northeast (northern Piauí northeastern Maranhão states). Thirty individuals were sampled 47 vegetative reproductive descriptors from six (three each ecotype). Data analysis included principal three classification methods (linear discriminant analysis, k-nearest neighbour regression analysis); cross-validation tests applied results. Univariate statistics obtained population ecotype found be consistent with proposed distinction between two ecotypes. Although showed extensive variation overlap populations, cross-validations analyses strong differentiation populations; variables equally discrimination. Cerrado more variable somewhat less distinct than ones. New molecular genetic investigations provide support morphological reported here.

Language: Английский

Transcription factor bHLH121 regulates root cortical aerenchyma formation in maize DOI Creative Commons
Hannah Schneider, Vai S. Lor,

Xia Zhang

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(12)

Published: March 16, 2023

Root anatomical phenotypes present a promising yet underexploited avenue to deliver major improvements in yield and climate resilience of crops by improving water nutrient uptake. For instance, the formation root cortical aerenchyma (RCA) significantly increases soil exploration resource capture reducing metabolic costs tissue. A key bottleneck studying such has been lack robust high-throughput phenotyping platforms. We exploited approach based on laser ablation tomography, termed Anatomics , quantify variation RCA 436 diverse maize lines field. Results revealed significant heritable for formation. Genome-wide association studies identified single-nucleotide polymorphism mapping cortex-expressed gene-encoding transcription factor bHLH121. Functional that bHLH121 Mu transposon mutant line CRISPR/Cas9 loss-of-function showed reduced formation, whereas an overexpression exhibited greater when compared wild-type line. Characterization these under suboptimal nitrogen availability multiple environments is required developmentally as well studied abiotic stress. Overall functional validation gene’s importance provides marker select varieties with improved thus conditions.

Language: Английский

Citations

27
Rhizosheath drought responsiveness is variety‐specific and a key component of belowground plant adaptation DOI Creative Commons
Franziska Steiner, Andreas J. Wild, Nicolas Tyborski

et al.

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 242(2), P. 479 - 492

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Summary Biophysicochemical rhizosheath properties play a vital role in plant drought adaptation. However, their integration into the framework of response is hampered by incomplete mechanistic understanding responsiveness and unknown linkage to intraspecific plant–soil reactions. Thirty‐eight Zea mays varieties were grown under well‐watered conditions assess properties, such as soil aggregation, mass, net‐rhizodeposition, organic carbon distribution. Additionally, explanatory traits, including functional trait adaptations changes enzyme activities, measured. Drought restricted structure formation shifted plant–carbon from litter‐derived matter macroaggregates microbially processed compounds microaggregates. Variety‐specific modifications determined variations responsiveness. responses system ranged among maintaining plant–microbial interactions through accumulation rhizodeposits, preserving while increasing exploration enhanced root elongation. Drought‐induced alterations at root–soil interface may hold crucial implications for ecosystem resilience changing climate. Our findings highlight that are an intrinsic component response, emphasizing need holistic concept systems future research on

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Trade-offs and Trait Integration in Tree Phenotypes: Consequences for the Sustainable Use of Genetic Resources DOI Creative Commons
José Climent, Ricardo Alı́a, Katri Kärkkäinen

et al.

Current Forestry Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 196 - 222

Published: March 20, 2024

Abstract Purpose of Review In this review, we synthesise current knowledge on trade-offs among traits in key fitness dimensions and identify major research gaps with the intention laying groundwork for a rapid advance tree breeding multiple objectives as contribution to sustainability planted forests future. Recent Findings Trade-offs growth, reproduction, defence, stress tolerance product quality predicted theoretically have been reported experimentally many programmes. Among these trade-offs, genetic linkage between resistance against biotic threats growth (or other relevant traits) is particularly critical future management forest resources. Maintaining wood novel environments requires assessment correlations target phenology, closely linked survival temperature extremes. Improving our drought objective trees obligates more precise definition both specific experimental conditions. Published evidence suggests that common programmes may trade-off reproductive success fire-adaptation, simultaneous improvement still remains constraint traditional breeding. Summary Changing combined pests diseases are challenging plantation forestry worldwide, which implies an urgent need develop new strategies build resilience environments. It essential better understanding how interact, especially those important production, climate threat resilience, but much information missing. Since affected by environment, studies under forecast levels multi-trait integration populations.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Accurate genomic prediction for grain yield and grain moisture content of maize hybrids using multi‐environment data DOI Open Access

Jingxin Wang,

Liwei Liu,

Kunhui He

et al.

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

ABSTRACT Incorporating genotype‐by‐environment (GE) interaction effects into genomic prediction (GP) models with multi‐environment climate data can improve selection accuracy to accelerate crop breeding but has received little research attention. Here, we conducted a cross‐region GP study of grain moisture content (GMC) and yield (GY) in maize hybrids two major Chinese growing regions using for 19 climatic factors across 34 environments 2020 2021. Predictions were 2,126 generated from 475 inbred lines, 9,355 single nucleotide polymorphism markers genotyping. Models based on best linear unbiased (GBLUP) incorporating GE associated day length, transpiration, temperature, radiation (GBLUP‐GE 19CF ) trained whole set outperformed the traditional GBLUP or BayesB predicting GMC GY by 10‐fold cross‐validation, achieving accuracies 0.731 0.331, respectively. To refine data, examined 84 statistical features these identified nine most correlated GY. Principal component analysis yielded principal components responsible 97% variability data. GBLUP‐GE framework similarity matrix 9CF PCA provided similar could reduce computational burden. In addition, increasing number test training 8 14 increased monthly average 2020–2021. Examining concordance, proportion overlapping between top 50% predicted observed values GY, indicated that concordance exceeded model, confirming reliability our predictions. This provide practical guidance optimizing GPs programs selection.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Root phenotypes for improved nitrogen capture DOI Creative Commons
Jonathan P. Lynch, Tania Galindo‐Castañeda, Hannah Schneider

et al.

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 4, 2023

Suboptimal nitrogen availability is a primary constraint for crop production in low-input agroecosystems, while fertilization contributor to the energy, economic, and environmental costs of high-input agroecosystems. In this article we consider avenues develop crops with improved capture reduced requirement fertilizer.

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Symbiont plasticity as a driver of plant success DOI Open Access
Martin Zobel, Kadri Koorem, Mari Moora

et al.

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 241(6), P. 2340 - 2352

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Summary We discuss which plant species are likely to become winners, that is achieve the highest global abundance, in changing landscapes, and whether plant‐associated microbes play a determining role. Reduction fragmentation of natural habitats historic landscapes have led emergence patchy, hybrid novel where anthropogenic ecosystems prevail. In patchy with broad niches favoured. Plasticity degree association symbiotic may contribute broader optimization symbiosis costs benefits, by downregulating when it unnecessary upregulating beneficial. can also be expressed as switch from one type mutualism another, for example nutritive defensive increasing soil fertility associated increase parasite load. Upon dispersal, wide mutualistic partner receptivity another facet symbiont plasticity becomes beneficial, because plants not limited availability specialist partners arriving at new locations. Thus, under conditions change, allows optimize activity relationships, potentially allowing them winners maximizing geographic occupancy local abundance.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Optimized Tomato Production in Chinese Solar Greenhouses: The Impact of an East–West Orientation and Wide Row Spacing DOI Creative Commons
Yiman Li, M. Henke,

Dalong Zhang

et al.

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 314 - 314

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Experimental studies were conducted on the cultivation of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) at Shandong Agricultural University, China, from 2022 to 2023. Three patterns designed as follows: a north–south orientation with row spacing 1.40 m (NS-1.4m), 1.80 (NS-1.8m) and an east–west (EW-1.8m). A functional–structural plant model using open source interactive modeling platform GroIMP was constructed for tomatoes. The growth plants well light distribution interception capacity crop canopy simulated analyzed. impacts these growth, photosynthetic characteristics, fruit ripening time, quality yield tomato revealed that compared NS-1.4m treatment, under NS-1.8m EW-1.8m treatments increased by 6.08% 9.80% in winter–spring 6.80% 19.76% autumn–winter crop, respectively. Their height, leaf area, aboveground dry matter accumulation, net photosynthesis rate lycopene, vitamin C sugar–acid ratio all exhibited increasing trends, while accelerated. 3.92% 6.18% 4.17% 9.78% Structural equation used further analyze data, confirming wide is beneficial Chinese solar greenhouses. This pattern maximizes canopy’s interception, thus leading improved yield. Overall, this study provides valuable insights optimizing greenhouse crops.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Nectar and floral morphology differ in evolutionary potential in novel pollination environments DOI Creative Commons
Andrés Romero‐Bravo, María Clara Castellanos

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 243(2), P. 753 - 764

Published: May 7, 2024

Plants can evolve rapidly after pollinator changes, but the response of different floral traits to novel selection vary. Floral morphology is often expected show high integration maintain pollination accuracy, while nectar be more environmentally sensitive. The relative role genetic correlations and phenotypic plasticity (PP) in evolution remains unclear, particularly for traits, studied context recent changes. Digitalis purpurea shows rapid corolla not following a range expansion with hummingbirds added as pollinators. We use this species compare PP, heritability, evolvability common garden. Morphological showed higher heritability than proximal section corolla, which regulates access underwent change introduced populations, presented lower rest phenotype. Nectar was plastic morphology, driven by highly sugar concentration. production rate potential respond selection. These results explain differential previously observed how intrafloral modularity determines variable evolutionary morphological traits.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Trait plasticity: a key attribute in the invasion success of Ageratina adenophora in different forest types of Kumaun Himalaya, India DOI
Kavita Khatri, Bhawna Negi, Kiran Bargali

et al.

Environment Development and Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 21281 - 21302

Published: July 3, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Induced responses contribute to rapid adaptation of Spirodela polyrhiza to herbivory by Lymnaea stagnalis DOI Creative Commons
Antonino Malacrinò, Laura Böttner, Sara Nouere

et al.

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Abstract Herbivory-induced responses in plants are typical examples of phenotypic plasticity, and their evolution is thought to be driven by herbivory. However, direct evidence the role induced plant adaptive herbivores scarce. Here, we experimentally evolve populations an aquatic ( Spirodela polyrhiza , giant duckweed) its native herbivore Lymnaea stagnalis freshwater snail), testing whether herbivory drives rapid using a combination bioassays, pool-sequencing, metabolite analyses, amplicon metagenomics. We show that snail drove changes, increased resistance, altered genotype frequencies populations. Additional bioassays suggest evolutionary changes contributed increase resistance This study provides herbivory-induced can subjected selection have increasing herbivores.

Language: Английский

Citations

5