Exchange or Eliminate: The Secrets of Algal-Bacterial Relationships

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 829 - 829

Published: March 13, 2024

Algae and bacteria have co-occurred coevolved in common habitats for hundreds of millions years, fostering specific associations interactions such as mutualism or antagonism. These are shaped through exchanges primary secondary metabolites provided by one the partners. Metabolites, N-sources vitamins, can be beneficial to partner they may assimilated chemotaxis towards producing these metabolites. Other metabolites, especially many natural products synthesized bacteria, act toxins damage kill partner. For instance, green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii establishes a mutualistic partnership with Methylobacterium, stark contrast its antagonistic relationship toxin Pseudomonas protegens. In other cases, coccolithophore haptophyte alga Phaeobacter bacterium, same bacterium even subject both processes, depending on secreted bacterial algal Some also influence morphology micronutrients, is observed some macroalgae. This review focuses algal-bacterial micro- macroalgal models from marine, freshwater, terrestrial environments summarizes advances field. It highlights effects temperature it presently known.

Language: Английский

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The sugar kelp Saccharina latissima I: recent advances in a changing climate

Annals of Botany, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 133(1), P. 183 - 212

Published: Dec. 18, 2023

Abstract Background The sugar kelp Saccharina latissima is a Laminariales species widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. Its physiology and ecology have been studied since 1960s, given its ecological relevance on western temperate coasts. However, research interest has rising recently, driven mainly by reports of negative impacts anthropogenically induced environmental change increased commercial cultivating species, with several industrial applications for resulting biomass. Scope We used variety sources published between 2009 to May 2023 (but including some earlier literature where required), provide comprehensive review ecology, physiology, biochemical molecular biology S. latissima. In so doing we aimed better understand species’ response stressors natural communities, but also inform sustainable cultivation species. Conclusion Due wide distribution, developed physiological mechanisms adjust changes, adjustments photosynthetic parameters, modulation osmolytes antioxidants, reprogramming gene expression epigenetic modifications, among others summarized this review. This particularly important because massive changes abundance distribution already observed. Namely, presence significantly decreased at rear edges both sides Atlantic, polar regions. These were caused climate will therefore be increasingly evident future. Recent developments genomics, transcriptomics epigenomics clarified existence genetic differentiation along distributional range implications fitness locations. complex biotic abiotic interactions unraveled here demonstrated cascading effects disappearance forest can marine ecosystem. show how an excellent model study acclimation adaptation variability predict future persistence under change.

Language: Английский

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Kelp forest community structure and demography in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard) across 25 years of Arctic warming

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6)

Published: June 1, 2024

Abstract The Arctic archipelago of Svalbard is a hotspot global warming and many fjords experience continuous increase in seawater temperature glacial melt while sea‐ice cover declines. In 1996/1998, 2012–2014, 2021 macroalgal biomass species diversity were quantified at the study site Hansneset, Kongsfjorden (W‐Spitsbergen) order to identify potential changes over time. 2021, we repeated earlier studies by stratified random sampling (1 × 1 m 2 , n = 3) along sublittoral depth transect (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 m) investigated lower limits dominant brown algae between 3 19 m. maximum fresh weight (FW) all seaweeds was 11.5 kg −2 2.5 99.9% constituted kelp. Although distribution not significantly different compared 2012/2013, digitate kelp community ( Laminaria digitata / Hedophyllum nigripes ) had transformed into an Alaria esculenta ‐dominated forest. Consequently, pronounced shift forest structure occurred time as demonstrate that allocation thallus parts species‐specific. Over past decade, demography changed balanced age kelps (juveniles plus older individuals) only apparent addition, abundances declined noticeably last 25 years red algal flora abundance remained unchanged depth. We propose major factor driving observed are alterations underwater light climate, situ data showed increasing turbidity decreasing irradiance since 2012 2017, respectively. As consequence, interplay retreat levels caused coastal darkening gain with temperatures will possibly intensify future unforeseen consequences for melting coasts fjord ecosystem services.

Language: Английский

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Victim of changes? Marine macroalgae in a changing world

Annals of Botany, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 133(1), P. 1 - 16

Published: Nov. 23, 2023

Abstract Background Marine macroalgae (‘seaweeds’) are a diverse and globally distributed group of photosynthetic organisms that together generate considerable primary productivity, provide an array different habitats for other organisms, contribute many important ecosystem functions services. As result continued anthropogenic stress on marine systems, macroalgal species face uncertain future, risking their vital contribution to global productivity service provision. Scope After briefly considering the remarkable taxonomy ecological distribution macroalgae, we review how threats posed by combination anthropogenically induced stressors affect seaweed communities. From there highlight five critical avenues further research explore (long-term monitoring, use functional traits, focus early ontogeny, biotic interactions impact litter coastal vegetation). Conclusions Although parallels with terrestrial vascular plant responses stressors, note impacts some (e.g. habitat loss) much less keenly felt in oceans than land. Nevertheless, common communities, climate change will inevitably be most pernicious threat future persistence species, communities While understanding simultaneous environmental is complex exercise, our attempt synergies priorities elucidate trends mechanisms response, may yet offer small this goal.

Language: Английский

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Global interfertility and heterosis in sugar kelp populations: a next step in sugar kelp breeding

Journal of Applied Phycology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 37(2), P. 1213 - 1226

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Language: Английский

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Effect of temperature on growth and nitrate and phosphate uptake kinetics of juvenile Saccharina latissima sporophytes (Phaeophyceae)

Journal of Applied Phycology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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Restorative aquaculture stimulates cultural and ecological benefits: Centering sugar kelp, indigenous stewardship, and a New York estuary

Earth stewardship., Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2(2)

Published: March 17, 2025

Abstract In the face of intensifying climate change and growing shoreline industrialization, coastal socio‐ecological systems can benefit from resource development strategies that provide important environmental benefits. One such strategy (i.e., nature‐based solution) involves restorative aquaculture, which improves health through continual delivery ecological services. Through seaweed cultivation, humans directly small‐scale output improved conditions like water quality. Aquaculture also play a large role in cultural benefits strengthen place‐based connections access to significant areas. Small‐scale aquaculture have received little academic attention despite crucial they sustainable cultivation. this piece, we explain how Shinnecock Kelp Farmers, an Indigenous women‐led system, long been leaders field. Situated Northeastern United States, Farmers culture develop native seaweed, namely, sugar kelp. As more States programs conservation agencies explore satisfy goals, should work with communities decision‐making seats.

Language: Английский

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Short-term heat shock exposure affects the productivity of two habitat-forming NE Atlantic kelp species differently

Marine Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107213 - 107213

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Scaffolded and annotated nuclear and organelle genomes of the North American brown alga Saccharina latissima

Frontiers in Genetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 14, 2025

Increasing the genomic resources of emerging aquaculture crop targets can expedite breeding processes as seen in molecular advances agriculture. High quality annotated reference genomes are essential to implement this relatively new scheme and benefit research areas such population genetics, gene discovery, mechanics by providing a tool for standard comparison. The brown macroalga Saccharina latissima (sugar kelp) is an ecologically economically important kelp that found both northern Pacific Atlantic Oceans. Cultivation human consumption has increased significantly century North America Europe, its single blade morphology allows dense seeding practices used cultivation Asian sister species, japonica. While potential food crop, insufficient information from genetic limited sugar aquaculture. We present scaffolded nuclear organelle female gametophyte collected Black Ledge, Groton, Connecticut. This genome compares well with other published contains 218 scaffolds scaffold N50 1.35 Mb, GC content 49.84%, 25,012 predicted genes. also validated comparing synteny completeness genomes. Our team successfully performed initial selection trials using draft version genome. expands toolkit will be fundamental resource future foundational science, breeding, conservation efforts.

Language: Английский

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Particulate and dissolved organic carbon losses in high latitude seaweed farms

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 982, P. 179677 - 179677

Published: May 18, 2025

The role of macroalgae as natural sinks for carbon dioxide (CO2) has long been recognized, and interest climate mitigating solutions from seaweed cultivation is quickly rising. Erosion biomass provides avenues sequestration at sea, yet data still lacking important European cultivars, particularly combining particulate (POC) dissolved (DOC) organic losses. In this study, provided on uptake, lamina growth erosion over two consecutive seasons the kelp Saccharina latissima (Phaeophyceae) deployed in Autumn Winter Hitra, Norway. A short-term exudation experiment was performed with same 2023. By April, typical harvest time food applications, average losses to POC DOC pools amounted 15 34 g C m-2 yr-1, respectively, or 9 % 19 net primary production (C-NPP) farm. Combined reached 101-247 yr-1 (40-47 C-NPP) by June. rates 4.1-7.6 mg g-1 h-1 after 4 h incubation, reducing significantly 24 h. On average, 29 12 fixed S. released deployments, before progression bryozoan biofouling. provide a continuous source deposition, burial further breakdown into RDOC, crucial environmental impact assessments accounting methodologies. study valuable future research its contribution global mitigation efforts.

Language: Английский

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