Multiple disturbances, multiple legacies: Fire, canopy gaps and deer jointly change the forest seed bank DOI Creative Commons
Samuel P. Reed, Alejandro A. Royo, Walter P. Carson

et al.

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 11, 2024

Abstract Disturbance regimes, like low‐intensity fire, canopy gaps and ungulate browsing, play a critical role in determining ecological composition structure temperate forests around the world. Each disturbance (or lack thereof) can lead to unique plant communities, but we do not understand how combined disturbances change diversity resulting soil seed bank. Changes bank, which depend on plants that survive post‐disturbance, then influence future biodiversity succession. We used long‐term experiment West Virginia, USA, factorially manipulated deer exclusion gaps. Thirteen years after initiation, sampled bank from each treatment. found fire led increased density, with additional creating communities. Combined presence high most while had no effect banks unless area was previously burned. In contrast, lowest of all treatments, reflecting continued legacy extant grew immediately disturbance. Seed communities were also distinct understory species over 13 years, regardless reintroduced combination left will likely forest reorganization following disturbances, adding our understanding multiple succession organization. Synthesis . Forest regimes have changed world are being restored or support biodiversity. Reintroduction leads Using an manipulates exclusion, find combinations these experimental treatments substantially different These disturbance‐altered successional patterns, highlighting restoration strongly indirectly community dynamics.

Language: Английский

The influence of changing fire regimes on specialized plant–animal interactions DOI Creative Commons
Felicity E. Charles, April E. Reside, Annabel L. Smith

et al.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 380(1924)

Published: April 1, 2025

Ecological effects of changing fire regimes are well documented for plant and animal populations, but less is known about how influences, influenced by, specialized plant–animal interactions. In this review, we identified mutualistic (pollination, seed dispersal food provision), commensal (habitat provision) antagonistic (seed predation, herbivory parasitism) interactions from fire-prone ecosystems. We focused on where a single genus depended one to two genera in family or animal. categorized the partner’s post-fire reproductive mode assess likely outcome ecological functions provided by these Traits underlying specialization ecosystems plants were: mode, time maturity, morphology phenology; and, animals: dispersal, organs, nesting egg deposition substrates, consumption behaviours pollinator behaviours. Finally, number cases stabilizing feedbacks maintained under natural regimes. Potential reinforcing were also identified, more happen abruptly result collapse partnership, partner switching. Our synthesis reveals regime changes impact fire-dependent specialist potentially drive eco-evolutionary dynamics globally. This article part theme issue ‘Novel climate human influences: impacts, ecosystem responses feedbacks’.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
The effect of fire on the female pollination success of two non-rewarding orchid species DOI
Spyros Tsiftsis,

Konstantinos Thomasoulis,

Christos Chrysostomidis

et al.

Journal for Nature Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 84, P. 126848 - 126848

Published: Jan. 25, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Implications of varroa mite establishment for Australian plants and their persistence DOI Creative Commons
Tom Le Breton, Amy‐Marie Gilpin, Chantelle Doyle

et al.

Australian Journal of Botany, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 73(2)

Published: March 10, 2025

The European honeybee (Apis mellifera) is a highly abundant introduced pollinator with widely established feral populations across large proportion of Australia. Both managed and contribute significantly to the pollination many native plant species but have also disrupted plant-pollinator dynamics. Varroa mite (Varroa destructor), parasite associated collapse or unmanaged globally, has recently become in Australia will inevitably spread country. If decline significantly, there may be range effects on Australian species, including dynamics seed set. This would potential implications for risks faced by particularly those already threatened. However, exact honeybees plants are uncertain as role ecosystems poorly understood. We identify consequences varroa highlight knowledge gaps that currently limit our understanding subsequent impacts flora.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Plant sexual reproduction is influenced by fire frequency: evidence from a resprouting herb in Chaco ecosystems DOI Open Access

M. L. Tosatto,

Ramiro Aguilar, Lucas M. Carbone

et al.

Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 17, 2025

Abstract Reduced competition and increased availability of abiotic resources shortly after a fire can favour growth flowering herbaceous species. These changes may also affect the pollinator community, reproductive success, and, potentially, characteristics progeny. However, anthropogenic increases in frequency fires could reverse beneficial effects fire. We evaluate effect on sexual expression, pollination, female early progeny vigour Solanum palinacanthum, an andromonoecious resprouting herb South American Chaco ecosystems. Measurements were performed at six sites along gradient frequency, ranging from 0 to 5 over 22 years. found that plant size proportion hermaphrodite (relative male) flowers intermediate (twice burned) compared unburned sites, but both declined high‐fire sites. Pollinator visits more frequent plants area with frequency. Although did not enhance probability fruit set, it total number site burned twice. Seeds had higher mass germination rates. Soil maternal environmental shaped by play key role reproduction S. palinacanthum . Nonetheless, due human activities override reproduction.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Multiple Disturbances, Multiple Legacies: Fire, Canopy Gaps, and Deer Jointly Change the Forest Seed Bank DOI Creative Commons
Samuel P. Reed,

Alejandro Royo de sedas,

Walter P. Carson

et al.

Published: May 27, 2024

The manipulation of pre-colonial disturbances in U.S. forests can play a critical role determining ecological composition, structure, and function. However, our understanding how concurrent influence non-tree species is extremely limited forests. To this end, we used long-term, multi-disturbance experiment an oak dominated forest West Virginia, U.S.A. that factorially manipulated understory fire, deer fencing, canopy gaps. Thirteen years after disturbance initiation, sampled germinated the seed bank from each treatment. We found long-term banks differed only plots with effects contingent on gaps fencing. Fire combined caused 205% increase abundance. Combined led to lowest diversity all treatments dominance shrub Rubus bank, reflecting continued legacy extant plants grew immediately disturbance. Lastly, multiple reintroduced disturbances, communities were distinct at time points, highlighting important reservoir biodiversity. Each combination left unique will likely future reorganization following disturbance, adding succession organization. Our study highlights many unexpected ways change understudied, but influential, component for well over decade.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Farming and Ranching through Wildfire: Producers' Critical Role in Fire Risk Management and Emergency Response DOI Open Access
Natalia Pinzón, Ryan E. Galt, Leslie M. Roche

et al.

Published: June 25, 2024

Wildfires increasingly threaten California’s agricultural sector, posing serious risks to farming, ranching, and food systems. We conducted a survey of 505 California farmers ranchers affected by wildfires between 2017 2023. Main findings show that wildfires’ impacts on producers are extensive range from mild catastrophic, with both short long-term repercussions, regardless their exposure level. Producers play central role in community emergency wildfire risk response management reducing fuel loads, creating defensible space, leveraging fire expertise for themselves neighbors. Many lack robust financial safety net, particularly among vulnerable populations, pointing the need increase access recovery resources including insurance disaster assistance programs. find an urgent policy reforms, improved support, targeted extension programs, integrated coordination mechanisms. our overlooked allies building widespread resilience. Enhanced collaborative efforts producers, professionals, support organizations thus imperative co-create implement strategies ensure sustainability economic viability communities.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
An introduction to the special issue on global change and plant reproduction DOI Creative Commons
Rowan F. Sage, Maurício Quesada, Johanne Brunet

et al.

Annals of Botany, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 18, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Post-fire temporal dynamics of plant-pollinator communities in a tropical savanna DOI
Alberto L. Teixido, Camila Silveira Souza, Gudryan Jackson Barônio

et al.

Oecologia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Like a moth to a flame: the effect of megafires on pollinators and pollination systems DOI
Tanya Latty, Caitlyn Y. Forster

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101304 - 101304

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Multiple disturbances, multiple legacies: Fire, canopy gaps and deer jointly change the forest seed bank DOI Creative Commons
Samuel P. Reed, Alejandro A. Royo, Walter P. Carson

et al.

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 11, 2024

Abstract Disturbance regimes, like low‐intensity fire, canopy gaps and ungulate browsing, play a critical role in determining ecological composition structure temperate forests around the world. Each disturbance (or lack thereof) can lead to unique plant communities, but we do not understand how combined disturbances change diversity resulting soil seed bank. Changes bank, which depend on plants that survive post‐disturbance, then influence future biodiversity succession. We used long‐term experiment West Virginia, USA, factorially manipulated deer exclusion gaps. Thirteen years after initiation, sampled bank from each treatment. found fire led increased density, with additional creating communities. Combined presence high most while had no effect banks unless area was previously burned. In contrast, lowest of all treatments, reflecting continued legacy extant grew immediately disturbance. Seed communities were also distinct understory species over 13 years, regardless reintroduced combination left will likely forest reorganization following disturbances, adding our understanding multiple succession organization. Synthesis . Forest regimes have changed world are being restored or support biodiversity. Reintroduction leads Using an manipulates exclusion, find combinations these experimental treatments substantially different These disturbance‐altered successional patterns, highlighting restoration strongly indirectly community dynamics.

Language: Английский

Citations

0