Physiology of medicinal and aromatic plants under drought stress

The Crop Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 330 - 339

Published: Jan. 14, 2024

Drought poses a significant challenge, restricting the productivity of medicinal and aromatic plants. The strain induced by drought can impede vital processes like respiration photosynthesis, affecting various aspects plants' growth metabolism. In response to this adversity, plants employ mechanisms such as morphological structural adjustments, modulation drought-resistant genes, augmented synthesis secondary metabolites osmotic regulatory substances alleviate stress. Extreme water scarcity lead leaf wilting may ultimately result in plant death. cultivation management under stress conditions often differ from those other crops. This is because main goal with not only increase yield above-ground parts but also enhance production active ingredients essential oils. To elucidate these resistance plants, current review provides summary recent literature encompassing studies on morphology, physiology, biochemistry conditions.

Language: Английский

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Inter-provenance variability and phenotypic plasticity of wood and leaf traits related to hydraulic safety and efficiency in seven European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) provenances differing in yield

Annals of Forest Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 81(1)

Published: March 4, 2024

Abstract Key message Seven European beech provenances differing largely in growth performance were grown at two common garden sites Germany and Slovakia. The intra-specific variability of most traits was explained more by phenotypic plasticity than inter-provenance variability, efficiency-related showed a higher safety-related traits. Context To maintain climate-resilient future forests, replicated common-garden experiments are suited for developing assisted migration strategies key tree species. Aims We analysed the magnitude 12 functional ( Fagus sylvatica L.) whether climate place origin left an imprint. Moreover, we asked is unrelated to xylem safety what extent foliar, growth-related coordinated. Methods Terminal branches collected from 19-year-old 22-year-old trees seven planted Slovakia, respectively. Three hydraulic, three wood anatomical four foliar measured related variables. Results At sites, same pair highest lowest growth. Nevertheless, high degree observed, as all differed significantly between after accounting provenance effects, with hydraulic showing plasticity. There no evidence embolism resistance P 50 ) or carbon isotope signature (δ 13 C), proxy intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), both positively correlated lumen-to-sapwood area ratio vessel density. Conclusions Because lacking trade-off growth, highly productive can be selected without reducing drought tolerance branch xylem. However, only one element trees’ response, it may beneficial select other conservative adaptations such smaller lumen areas increasing small supported total leaf reduction transpiration.

Language: Английский

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Linking stomatal size and density to water use efficiency and leaf carbon isotope ratio in juvenile and mature trees

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176(6)

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Water-use efficiency (WUE) is affected by multiple leaf traits, including stomatal morphology. However, the impact of morphology on WUE across different ontogenetic stages tree species not well-documented. Here, we investigated relationship between morphology, intrinsic water-use (iWUE) and carbon isotope ratio (δ

Language: Английский

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Gross primary productivity is more sensitive to accelerated flash droughts

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Flash droughts, characterized by their rapid onset, substantially affect terrestrial ecosystems. However, the sensitivity of ecosystem productivity to development flash droughts under varying vegetation conditions remains poorly understood. Here we investigate response speed drought onset for different plant functional types, considering decline rate root-zone soil moisture and standardized gross primary anomaly. Our findings reveal a significant increase approximately 10% in proportion 1- 2-pentad (5 10 days) leading negative anomalies during 2001–2018. Furthermore, while at higher rates, they do not promptly respond on shorter timescale faster-onset compared slower-onset droughts. Vegetation types with shallower root systems exhibit sensitivities suggesting an escalating threat ecosystems changing climate. Fast-onset have become more frequent between 2001 2018, faster is associated larger impacts productivity, suggests analysis observation-based data.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Potential of Selenium-Containing Amine (Se-AMA) to Enhance Photosynthesis and Leaf Water Content: New Avenues for Carbonic Anhydrase Modulation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 258 - 258

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Global changes and growing demands have led to the development of new molecular approaches improve crop physiological performances. Carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes, ubiquitous across various life kingdoms, stand out for their critical roles in plant photosynthesis water relations. We hypothesize that modulators human CAs could affect physiology. Our research demonstrated foliar treatments with a synthetic selenium-containing CA activator (Se-AMA) influenced performances Arabidopsis thaliana. Se-AMA increased net (A + 31.7%) stomatal conductance (gs 48.2%) at 100 µM, most notable effects after 10 days treatment. 300 µM proved be even more effective, boosting A gs by 19.9% 55.3%, respectively, already 3 application. Morning treatment enhanced photosynthetic throughout day, suggesting positive effect lasted several hours. Additionally, content plants 17.1%, may improved absorption resource management. This might linked Se-AMA's role modulating specific isoforms working aquaporins. Although preliminary, these findings suggest enhance under conditions non-limiting availability.

Language: Английский

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Water conservation and assimilation is driven by stomatal behaviour in industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)

Environmental and Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106119 - 106119

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The effect of climate at origin on Douglas-fir growth, leaf traits and embolism resistance along a rainfall gradient in Central Europe

Trees, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(2)

Published: March 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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Photosynthetic Adaptation in Poplar Under Abiotic and Biotic Stress: Integrating Molecular, Physiological, and Biotechnological Perspectives

International Journal of Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 42 - 42

Published: April 1, 2025

In the context of global climate change, carbon storage and sequestration capacity terrestrial ecosystems is increasing concern. Poplars are widely planted because their fast growth environmental adaptability. We reviewed effects abiotic biotic stresses on photosynthesis in poplar, focusing damage caused by adversity conditions to photosynthetic apparatus, which leads decreased dioxide (CO2) assimilation an increase reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative damage. The mechanisms response stress poplar reviewed, especially role genes regulation regulating efficiency. These findings particularly important for improving resilience under changing conditions. addition, we discussed a range strategies enhance stress, such as genetic engineering synthetic biology. approaches provide theoretical guidance insights other crops facing similar challenges.

Language: Английский

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Somatic drought stress memory affects leaf morpho-physiological traits of plants via epigenetic mechanisms and phytohormonal signalling

Plant Gene, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100509 - 100509

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Effect of Humalite on Improving Soil Nitrogen Availability and Plant Nutrient Uptake for Higher Yield and Oil Content in Canola

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 177(2)

Published: March 1, 2025

Abstract Over the last half‐century, widespread use of synthetic chemical fertilizers has boosted crop yields but caused noticeable environmental damage. In recent years, application humic substances to increase plant growth and yield gained considerable interest, largely due their organic origin ability reduce nutrient losses while enhancing efficiency. Humalite, found exclusively in large deposits southern Alberta, Canada, is rich low levels unwanted ash heavy metals, which makes it particularly valuable for agricultural applications. However, its effects on canola, largest oilseed Canada second‐largest world, have yet be evaluated. This study investigated five Humalite rates (0, 200, 400, 800, 1600 kg ha ‐1 ) combination with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (NPK) applied at recommended levels, canola growth, soil nitrogen availability, uptake, photosynthesis, seed yield, oil content, efficiency under controlled conditions. The results demonstrated that significantly enhanced uptake macro‐ micronutrients (N, P, K, S, Mg, Mn, B, Fe Zn), shoot root biomass, net water as compared NPK alone treatment. also led increased Taken together, could serve an effective amendment enhance fertilizer

Language: Английский

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