NeuroImage,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
283, P. 120437 - 120437
Published: Nov. 3, 2023
A
cortical
plasticity
after
long-duration
single
side
deafness
(SSD)
is
advocated
with
neuroimaging
evidence
while
little
known
about
the
short-duration
SSDs.
In
this
case-cohort
study,
we
recruited
unilateral
sudden
sensorineural
hearing
loss
(SSNHL)
patients
and
age-,
gender-matched
health
controls
(HC),
followed
by
comprehensive
analyses.
The
primary
outcome
measures
were
temporal
alterations
of
varied
dynamic
functional
network
connectivity
(dFNC)
states,
neurovascular
coupling
(NVC)
brain
region
volume
at
different
stages
SSNHL.
secondary
pure-tone
audiograms
SSNHL
before
treatment.
total
38
(21
[55%]
male;
mean
[standard
deviation]
age,
45.05
[15.83]
years)
44
HC
(28
[64%]
43.55
[12.80]
enrolled.
categorized
into
subgroups
based
on
time
from
disease
onset
to
initial
magnetic
resonance
imaging
scan:
early-
(n
=
16;
1-6
days),
intermediate-
9;
7-13
late-
stage
13;
14-30
days)
groups.
We
first
identified
slow
state
transitions
between
dFNC
states
early-stage
SSNHL,
then
revealed
decreased
NVC
restricted
auditory
cortex
late-stage
Finally,
a
significantly
left
medial
superior
frontal
gyrus
(SFGmed)
was
observed
only
in
cohort.
Furthermore,
SFGmed
robustly
correlated
both
duration
patient
prognosis.
Our
study
offered
for
evolvement
structural
less
than
1
month,
which
may
explain,
perspective,
why
have
better
therapeutic
responses
recovery.
Molecular Neurodegeneration,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
18(1)
Published: July 11, 2023
Abstract
Vascular
cognitive
impairment
and
dementia
(VCID)
is
commonly
caused
by
vascular
injuries
in
cerebral
large
small
vessels
a
key
driver
of
age-related
decline.
Severe
VCID
includes
post-stroke
dementia,
subcortical
ischemic
multi-infarct
mixed
dementia.
While
acknowledged
as
the
second
most
common
form
after
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
accounting
for
20%
cases,
AD
frequently
coexist.
In
VCID,
vessel
(cSVD)
often
affects
arterioles,
capillaries,
venules,
where
arteriolosclerosis
amyloid
angiopathy
(CAA)
are
major
pathologies.
White
matter
hyperintensities,
recent
infarcts,
lacunes
presumed
origin,
enlarged
perivascular
space,
microbleeds,
brain
atrophy
neuroimaging
hallmarks
cSVD.
The
current
primary
approach
to
cSVD
treatment
control
risk
factors
such
hypertension,
dyslipidemia,
diabetes,
smoking.
However,
causal
therapeutic
strategies
have
not
been
established
partly
due
heterogeneous
pathogenesis
this
review,
we
summarize
pathophysiology
discuss
probable
etiological
pathways
focusing
on
hypoperfusion/hypoxia,
blood–brain
barriers
(BBB)
dysregulation,
fluid
drainage
disturbances,
inflammation
define
potential
diagnostic
targets
Journal of Clinical Medicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(2), P. 386 - 386
Published: Jan. 9, 2025
The
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB)
is
a
crucial
structure
that
maintains
brain
homeostasis
by
regulating
the
entry
of
molecules
and
cells
from
bloodstream
into
central
nervous
system
(CNS).
Neurodegenerative
diseases
such
as
Alzheimer's
Parkinson's
disease,
well
ischemic
stroke,
compromise
integrity
BBB.
This
leads
to
increased
permeability
infiltration
harmful
substances,
thereby
accelerating
neurodegeneration.
In
this
review,
we
explore
mechanisms
underlying
BBB
disruption,
including
oxidative
stress,
neuroinflammation,
vascular
dysfunction,
loss
tight
junction
integrity,
in
patients
with
neurodegenerative
diseases.
We
discuss
how
breakdown
contributes
neurotoxicity,
abnormal
accumulation
pathological
proteins,
all
which
exacerbate
neuronal
damage
facilitate
disease
progression.
Furthermore,
potential
therapeutic
strategies
aimed
at
preserving
or
restoring
function,
anti-inflammatory
treatments,
antioxidant
therapies,
approaches
enhance
integrity.
Given
role
neurodegeneration,
maintaining
its
represents
promising
approach
slow
prevent
progression
Frontiers in Network Physiology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
3
Published: April 3, 2023
The
brain
is
a
highly
energy
demanding
organ,
which
accounts
in
humans
for
the
20%
of
total
consumption
at
resting
state
although
comprising
only
2%
body
mass.
necessary
delivery
nutrients
to
parenchyma
ensured
by
cerebral
circulatory
system,
through
exchange
glucose
and
oxygen
(O
Brain Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
6(2)
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Abstract
Components
that
comprise
our
brain
parenchymal
and
cerebrovascular
structures
provide
a
homeostatic
environment
for
proper
neuronal
function
to
ensure
normal
cognition.
Cerebral
insults
(e.g.
ischaemia,
microbleeds
infection)
alter
cellular
physiologic
processes
within
the
neurovascular
unit
contribute
cognitive
dysfunction.
COVID-19
has
posed
significant
complications
during
acute
convalescent
stages
in
multiple
organ
systems,
including
brain.
Cognitive
impairment
is
prevalent
complication
patients,
irrespective
of
severity
SARS-CoV-2
infection.
Moreover,
overwhelming
evidence
from
vitro,
preclinical
clinical
studies
reported
SARS-CoV-2-induced
pathologies
components
are
associated
with
impairment.
Neurovascular
disruption
alters
coupling
response,
critical
mechanism
regulates
cerebromicrovascular
blood
flow
meet
energetic
demands
locally
active
neurons.
Normal
processing
achieved
through
response
involves
coordinated
action
cells
(i.e.
neurons
glia)
cell
types
endothelia,
smooth
muscle
pericytes).
However,
current
work
on
COVID-19-induced
yet
investigate
as
causal
factor.
Hence,
this
review,
we
aim
describe
SARS-CoV-2's
effects
how
they
can
impact
decline
disease.
Additionally,
explore
potential
therapeutic
interventions
mitigate
Given
great
both
individuals
public
health,
necessity
effort
fundamental
scientific
research
application
becomes
imperative.
This
integrated
endeavour
crucial
mitigating
deficits
induced
by
its
subsequent
burden
especially
vulnerable
population.
Alzheimer s & Dementia,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
20(8), P. 5590 - 5606
Published: July 3, 2024
Mild
cognitive
impairment
(MCI)
is
a
prodromal
stage
of
dementia.
Understanding
the
mechanistic
changes
from
healthy
aging
to
MCI
critical
for
comprehending
disease
progression
and
enabling
preventative
intervention.
Development,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
150(16)
Published: Aug. 15, 2023
ABSTRACT
The
vasculature
consists
of
vessels
different
sizes
that
are
arranged
in
a
hierarchical
pattern.
Two
cell
populations
work
concert
to
establish
this
pattern
during
embryonic
development
and
adopt
it
changes
blood
flow
demand
later
life:
endothelial
cells
line
the
inner
surface
vessels,
adjacent
vascular
mural
cells,
including
smooth
muscle
pericytes.
Despite
recent
progress
elucidating
signalling
pathways
controlling
their
crosstalk,
much
debate
remains
with
regard
how
influence
biology
thereby
contribute
regulation
vessel
formation
diameters.
In
Review,
I
discuss
functions
interactions
focusing
on
these
ensure
optimal
patterns.
Subsequently,
introduce
followed
by
an
overview
ontogeny
emphasis
distinguishing
features
located
types
vessels.
Ultimately,
explore
therapeutic
strategies
involving
alleviate
tissue
ischemia
improve
efficiency
variety
diseases.
