Regulation of the blood-brain barrier function by peripheral cues in health and disease DOI Creative Commons
Kavi Devraj, Onkar P. Kulkarni, Stefan Liebner

et al.

Metabolic Brain Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(1)

Published: Dec. 13, 2024

Abstract The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is formed by microvascular endothelial cells which are ensembled with pericytes, astrocytes, microglia and neurons in the neurovascular unit (NVU) that crucial for neuronal function. Given NVU BBB highly dynamic regulated structures, their integrity continuously challenged intrinsic extrinsic factors. Herein, factors from peripheral organs such as gonadal adrenal hormones may influence vascular function also CNS a sex- age-dependent manner. communication between periphery likely takes place specific areas of brain among circumventricular have central position due to neurosensory or neurosecretory function, owing physiologically leaky blood vessels. In acute chronic pathological conditions like liver, kidney, pulmonary disease, toxins metabolites generated reach via circulation directly indirectly affect functionality activation immunes system. For example, kidney disease (CKD) currently affects more than 840 million people worldwide increase along western world comorbidities cardio-vascular system ageing societies. Toxins leading uremic syndrome, further lead neurological complications cognitive impairment encephalopathy. Here we summarize effects hormones, inflammatory reactions on vasculature, highlighting urgent demand mechanistically exploring CNS, focusing last line defense protection.

Language: Английский

Regulation of the blood-brain barrier function by peripheral cues in health and disease DOI Creative Commons
Kavi Devraj, Onkar P. Kulkarni, Stefan Liebner

et al.

Metabolic Brain Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(1)

Published: Dec. 13, 2024

Abstract The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is formed by microvascular endothelial cells which are ensembled with pericytes, astrocytes, microglia and neurons in the neurovascular unit (NVU) that crucial for neuronal function. Given NVU BBB highly dynamic regulated structures, their integrity continuously challenged intrinsic extrinsic factors. Herein, factors from peripheral organs such as gonadal adrenal hormones may influence vascular function also CNS a sex- age-dependent manner. communication between periphery likely takes place specific areas of brain among circumventricular have central position due to neurosensory or neurosecretory function, owing physiologically leaky blood vessels. In acute chronic pathological conditions like liver, kidney, pulmonary disease, toxins metabolites generated reach via circulation directly indirectly affect functionality activation immunes system. For example, kidney disease (CKD) currently affects more than 840 million people worldwide increase along western world comorbidities cardio-vascular system ageing societies. Toxins leading uremic syndrome, further lead neurological complications cognitive impairment encephalopathy. Here we summarize effects hormones, inflammatory reactions on vasculature, highlighting urgent demand mechanistically exploring CNS, focusing last line defense protection.

Language: Английский

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