The Indissociable Triad: Vascular Impairment, Muscle Atrophy, and Cognitive Decline

Published: Aug. 12, 2024

The triad of vascular impairment, muscle atrophy, and cognitive decline represents critical age-related conditions that significantly impact health. Vascular impairment disrupts blood flow, precipitating mass reduction seen in sarcopenia the neuronal functions characteristic neurodegeneration. Our limited understanding intricate relationships within this hinders accurate diagnosis effective treatment strategies. This review ana-lyzes interrelated mechanisms contribute to these conditions, with a specific focus on ox-idative stress, chronic inflammation, impaired nutrient delivery. aim is understand common pathways involved suggest comprehensive therapeutic approaches. dysfunctions hinder circulation transportation nutrients, resulting sar-copenia characterized by atrophy weakness. dysfunction have negative physical function quality life. Neurodegenerative diseases exhibit comparable pathophysiological affect motor functions. Preventive approaches encompass lifestyle adjustments, addressing oxidative in-flammation, integrated therapies improving muscular well-being. Better links can refine strategies yield better patient out-comes. study emphasizes complex interplay between dysfunction, de-generation, decline, highlighting necessity for multidisciplinary ap-proaches. Advances domain promise improved diagnostic accuracy, more thera-peutic options, enhanced preventive measures, all contributing higher life elderly population.

Language: Английский

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Delirium and frailty in older adults: Clinical overlap and biological underpinnings

Journal of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 296(5), P. 382 - 398

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Frailty and delirium are two common geriatric syndromes sharing several clinical characteristics, risk factors, negative outcomes. Understanding their interdependency is crucial to identify shared mechanisms implement initiatives reduce the associated burden. This literature review summarizes scientific evidence on complex interplay between frailty delirium; clinical, epidemiological, pathophysiological commonalities; current knowledge gaps. We conducted a PubMed systematic search in June 2023, which yielded 118 eligible articles out of 991. The synthesis results-carried by content experts-highlights overlapping phenotypes, outcomes explores influence one syndrome onset other. Common identified include inflammation, neurodegeneration, metabolic insufficiency, vascular suggests that factor for delirium, with some support accelerated frailty. proposed unifying framework supports integration measurement both constructs research practice, identifying geroscience approach as potential avenue develop strategies conditions. In conclusion, we suggest might be alternative-sometimes coexisting-manifestations biological aging. Clinically, concepts addressed this can help older adults either or from different perspective. From standpoint, longitudinal studies needed explore hypothesis specific pathways within biology aging may underlie manifestations delirium. Such will pave way future understanding other well.

Language: Английский

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Vascular Impairment, Muscle Atrophy, and Cognitive Decline: Critical Age-Related Conditions

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 2096 - 2096

Published: Sept. 13, 2024

The triad of vascular impairment, muscle atrophy, and cognitive decline represents critical age-related conditions that significantly impact health. Vascular impairment disrupts blood flow, precipitating the mass reduction seen in sarcopenia neuronal function characteristic neurodegeneration. Our limited understanding intricate relationships within this hinders accurate diagnosis effective treatment strategies. This review analyzes interrelated mechanisms contribute to these conditions, with a specific focus on oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, impaired nutrient delivery. aim is understand common pathways involved suggest comprehensive therapeutic approaches. dysfunctions hinder circulation transportation nutrients, resulting characterized by atrophy weakness. dysfunction have negative physical quality life. Neurodegenerative diseases exhibit comparable pathophysiological affect motor functions. Preventive approaches encompass lifestyle adjustments, addressing integrated therapies improving muscular well-being. Better links can refine strategies yield better patient outcomes. study emphasizes complex interplay between dysfunction, degeneration, decline, highlighting necessity for multidisciplinary Advances domain promise improved diagnostic accuracy, more options, enhanced preventive measures, all contributing higher life elderly population.

Language: Английский

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Identification of risk factors and development of a predictive nomogram for sarcopenia in Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer s & Dementia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Abstract INTRODUCTION Sarcopenia, with its complex diagnostic process, is a likely independent predictor of poor prognosis in patients Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, research on the clinical characteristics and biomarkers AD sarcopenia (ADSA) limited. METHODS This study included 180 ADSA 188 without (ADNSA), evaluated demographics, cognitive function, motor capacity, emotional state, daily living abilities. RESULTS were older, worse functions, more severe depression, poorer social functioning, lower abilities compared to ADNSA patients. Multivariate regression identified age, low Frailty Rating Scale (FRS) scores, serum albumin level, creatinine/cystatin C ratio (CCR) as risk factors for sarcopenia. A nomogram model based these indicators demonstrated high discriminative power utility. DISCUSSION Sarcopenia significantly affects patients’ various functions. The aids early detection personalized interventions AD. Highlights factor (AD), coexistence functions quality life Serum scores are associated both assessment (ADSA). combined indexes age at diagnosis, (CCR), FRS score, levels can aid effectively identifying personalizing population.

Language: Английский

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Casual associations between brain structure and sarcopenia: A large‐scale genetic correlation and mendelian randomization study

Aging Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 17, 2024

Abstract Sarcopenia presenting a critical challenge in population‐aging healthcare. The elucidation of the interplay between brain structure and sarcopenia necessitates further research. aim this study is to explore casual association sarcopenia. Linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) was conducted estimate genetic correlations; MR then performed causal relationship Brain imaging‐derived phenotypes (BIDPs) three sarcopenia‐related traits: handgrip strength, walking pace, appendicular lean mass (ALM). main analyses were using inverse‐variance weighted method. Moreover, median MR–Egger as sensitivity analyses. Genetic 6.41% BIDPs ALM observed, 4.68% exhibited with 2.11% causally associated 2.04% showed ALM. Volume ventromedial hypothalamus increased odds strength (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.02 1.37) 1.05, 1.01 1.09). Mean thickness G‐pariet‐inf‐Angular decreased 0.83, 0.70 0.97) pace 0.97, 0.93 0.99). As part forward influences sarcopenia, which may provide new perspectives for prevention offer valuable insights research on brain‐muscle axis.

Language: Английский

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Effects of Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation on Muscle, Bone and Brain- Hope or Hype for Older Adults?

Current Osteoporosis Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Cognitive impairment, dementia and sarcopenia in geriatric patients - is there a relationship?

Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8, P. 181 - 195

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Currently, demographic aging of the population continues, and frequency various age-associated pathologies is increasing. Sarcopenia cognitive impairment are often found in patients older age groups, leading to development frailty, decreased quality life, disability premature death. There an association between sarcopenia, frailty impairment. Cognitive physical interrelated: problems dementia more common people with likely become frail. Both decline share pathogenesis mechanisms. The role mediators muscle origin (myokines) occurrence cross-talk muscles brain known. Sufficient activity plays important maintaining not only skeletal muscles, but also functions. On contrary, inactivity one most risk factors for dementia. However, relationship sarcopenia underlying mechanisms remain be addressed. This focus this literature review.

Language: Английский

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Mediation analyses link cardiometabolic factors and liver fat with white matter hyperintensities and cognitive performance: A UK Biobank study

Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(4), P. 100488 - 100488

Published: March 20, 2025

Liver fat is associated with cardiometabolic disease, cerebrovascular and dementia. Cerebrovascular most often cerebral small vessel identified by magnetic resonance imaging as white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) contributes to However, liver fat's role in the relationship between risk, WMHs, cognitive performance unclear. In UK Biobank cohort (N = 32,461, 52.6% female; mean age 64.2 ± 7.7 years; n 23,354 subsample), we used linear regression investigate associations factors measured at baseline fat, follow-up, which was 9.3 2.0 years later on average. We structural equation modeling whether mediated WMHs performance. Nearly all were significantly (|r| range 0.03-0.41, p 3.4 × 10-8 0) 0.04-0.15, 5.8 10-13 7.0 10-159) models. (r 0.11, 4.3 10-82) -0.03, 1.6 10-7). (|βmediation| 0.003-0.027, mediation 1.9 0), (βmediation -0.01, 0). Our findings indicate that mediates mediate association This suggests may be important for understanding effects of disease function. Experimental studies are warranted determine relevant targets preventing vascular-driven impairment.

Language: Английский

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Handgrip Strength as a Biomarker for Cognitive Decline and Brain Atrophy in Older Adults

Asian Journal of Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 108, P. 104506 - 104506

Published: April 16, 2025

Language: Английский

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Cerebral white matter injury in hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional tract-based spatial statistics and fixel-based analysis

Clinical Kidney Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(10)

Published: Sept. 16, 2024

ABSTRACT Background End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on maintenance haemodialysis (HD) often have damage to brain white matter (WM) and cognitive impairment. However, whether this is caused by HD or dysfunction unclear. Herein we investigate the natural progression of WM in with ESRD effects using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) fixel-based analysis (FBA). Methods Eighty-one patients, including 41 no dialysis (ND) 40 HD, 46 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled study. The differences among three groups [ESRD (ESRD-HD), without (ESRD-ND) HCs] analysed TBSS FBA. Pairwise comparison was then used compare between two groups. relationships neurocognitive assessments/clinical data HD. Results ESRD-ND ESRD-HD appeared around lateral ventricles TBSS, while FBA reflected that changes had extended adjacent anterior hemisphere, a larger region compared brainstem also widely affected ESRD-HD. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores lower group. RD body corpus callosum negatively correlated MoCA both Fiber density cross-section (FDC) left thalamo-prefrontal projection (T_PREFL) right cingulum (CGL CGR) positively Creatinine (Cr) FDC some frontal fibres striatum thalamus, CG fronto-pontine tract FD mainly premotor thalamus Cr mean radial diffusivity regions corona radiata Conclusions more sensitive detecting HCs. When receive degree may not be aggravated, but range damaged expanded, especially hemisphere brainstem. Some these contribute decline.

Language: Английский

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