Advanced Healthcare Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(21)
Published: March 27, 2024
Fibrosis,
which
is
primarily
marked
by
excessive
extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
deposition,
a
pathophysiological
process
associated
with
many
disorders,
ultimately
leads
to
organ
dysfunction
and
poor
patient
outcomes.
Despite
the
high
prevalence
of
fibrosis,
currently
there
exist
few
therapeutic
options,
importantly,
paucity
in
vitro
models
accurately
study
fibrosis.
This
review
discusses
multifaceted
nature
fibrosis
from
viewpoint
developing
organ-on-chip
(OoC)
disease
models,
focusing
on
five
key
features:
ECM
component,
inflammation,
mechanical
cues,
hypoxia,
vascularization.
The
potential
OoC
technology
explored
for
better
modeling
these
features
context
studying
fibrotic
diseases
interplay
between
various
emphasized.
paper
reviews
how
organ-specific
are
modeled
platforms,
elements
included
existing
avenues
novel
research
directions
highlighted.
Finally,
this
concludes
perspective
address
current
gap
respect
inclusion
multiple
yield
more
sophisticated
relevant
an
format.
Fibrosis
represents
a
process
characterized
by
excessive
deposition
of
extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
proteins.
It
often
the
evolution
pathological
conditions,
causes
organ
failure,
and
can,
in
extreme
cases,
compromises
functionality
organs
to
point
causing
death.
In
recent
years,
considerable
efforts
have
been
made
understand
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
fibrotic
identify
possible
therapeutic
strategies.
Great
interest
has
aroused
discovery
association
between
epithelial
mesenchymal
plasticity
(EMP),
particular
transition
(EMT),
fibrogenesis,
which
led
identification
complex
closely
interconnected
with
each
other,
could
explain
EMT-dependent
fibrosis.
However,
result
remains
unsatisfactory
from
view.
advances
epigenetics,
is
based
on
chromatin
remodeling
through
various
histone
modifications
or
intervention
non-coding
RNAs
(ncRNAs),
provided
more
information
process,
this
represent
promising
path
forward
for
innovative
strategies
review,
we
summarize
current
research
epigenetic
involved
fibrosis,
focus
regulation
EMP/EMT-dependent
Development,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
151(3)
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
ABSTRACT
Epithelial-mesenchymal
transition
(EMT)
and
its
reverse
mechanism,
mesenchymal-epithelial
(MET),
are
evolutionarily
conserved
mechanisms
initially
identified
in
studies
of
early
metazoan
development.
EMT
may
even
have
been
established
choanoflagellates,
the
closest
unicellular
relative
Metazoa.
These
crucial
morphological
transitions
operate
during
body
plan
formation
subsequently
organogenesis.
findings
prompted
an
increasing
number
investigators
biomedicine
to
assess
importance
such
that
drive
epithelial
cell
plasticity
multiple
diseases
associated
with
congenital
disabilities
fibrosis,
and,
most
importantly,
progression
carcinoma.
MET
also
play
roles
regenerative
medicine,
notably
by
contributing
epigenetic
changes
somatic
cells
initiate
reprogramming
into
stem
their
subsequent
differentiation
distinct
lineages.
The
development
of
new
approach
methodologies
(NAMs)
to
replace
current
in
vivo
testing
for
the
safety
assessment
engineered
nanomaterials
(ENMs)
is
hindered
by
scarcity
validated
experimental
data
a
broad
range
ENMs.
We
introduce
framework
address
this
challenge
harnessing
collective
expertise
professionals
from
multiple
complementary
and
related
fields
('wisdom
crowds'
or
WoC).
By
integrating
expert
insights,
we
aim
fill
gaps
generate
consensus
concern
scores
diverse
ENMs,
thereby
enhancing
predictive
power
nanosafety
computational
models.
Our
investigation
reveals
an
alignment
between
opinion
data,
providing
robust
estimations
levels.
Building
upon
these
findings,
employ
machine
learning
models
trained
on
newly
defined
scores,
ENM
descriptors,
gene
expression
profiles,
quantify
potential
harm
across
various
toxicity
endpoints.
These
further
revealed
key
genes
potentially
involved
underlying
mechanisms.
Notably,
associated
with
metal
ion
homeostasis,
inflammation,
oxidative
stress
emerge
as
predictors
This
study
showcases
value
knowledge
modeling
complexity
nanomaterial
safety.
work
suggests
that
interdisciplinary
enhances
accuracy
efficiency
rapidly
evolving
landscape
nanotechnology.
Molecular Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 11, 2025
Peritoneal
fibrosis
(PF)
is
a
common
complication
in
peritoneal
dialysis
patients
with
end-stage
renal
disease.
This
study
established
rat
model
of
PF,
used
68Ga-FAPI
PET/CT
imaging
to
visualize
and
evaluated
the
therapeutic
effects
mechanism
action
sodium
butyrate.
The
PF
(n
=
20)
was
induced
by
hyperglycemic
dialysate
combined
lipopolysaccharide,
control
group
given
same
amount
normal
saline,
intervention
butyrate
intraperitoneal
injection.
At
2,
4,
6,
8
weeks,
equilibration
test
performed,
tissues
were
collected
for
histological
staining.
Three
rats
from
each
randomly
selected
small
animal
imaging.
Compared
rats,
presented
decreased
ultrafiltration
volume,
increased
maximum
glucose
transport
(P
<
0.05),
thickness
area,
upregulated
α-SMA,
COL
I,
TGF-β1,
Smad3,
p-Smad3
expression
0.05)
time-dependent
manner.
improved
function
alleviated
collagen
deposition,
downregulated
while
increasing
Smad7
0.05).
68Ga
uptake
markedly
but
reduced
after
treatment
SUVmax
positively
correlated
thickness;
transport;
FAP-α
(r
0.871,
0.845,
0.843,
0.659,
0.926)
negatively
volume
(r=
−0.894).
In
summary,
could
be
promising
noninvasive
approach
assessing
that
superior
safer
than
biopsy.
Sodium
may
attenuate
regulating
TGF-β1/Smad3
signaling
pathway.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: March 13, 2025
LncRNAs
are
RNA
molecules
of
more
than
200
nucleotides
in
length
and
participate
cellular
metabolism
responses
through
their
diverse
interactomedespite
having
no
protein-coding
capabilities.
Such
significant
interactions
also
implicate
the
presence
lncRNAs
complex
pathobiological
pathways
various
diseases,
affecting
survival
by
modulating
autophagy,
inflammation
apoptosis.
Proliferating
cells
harbour
a
microenvironment
that
mainly
stimulate
growth-specific
activities
such
as
DNA
replication,
repair,
protein
synthesis.
They
recognise
damages
at
macromolecular
level,
preventing
them
from
reaching
next-generation.
have
shown
association
with
events
occurring
towards
proliferation,
regulating
key
dividing
cells,
dysregulation
lncRNA
transcriptome
affects
normal
life-cycle,
promoting
development
cancer.
Furthermore,
demonstrated
an
cancer
growth
progression
governing
cell
growth,
epithelial-mesenchymal
transition
metastasis.
This
makes
attractive
target
for
treatment
can
be
used
marker
diagnosis
prognosis
diseases
due
to
differential
expression
diseased
samples.
review
delves
into
correlation
fundamental
signalling
how
this
crosstalk
shapes
complexity
oncogenic
microhabitat.
