Postbiotics as Molecules Targeting Cellular Events of Aging Brain—The Role in Pathogenesis, Prophylaxis and Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(14), P. 2244 - 2244

Published: July 12, 2024

Aging is the most prominent risk factor for neurodegeneration occurrence. The common neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s (PD) diseases, are characterized by incidence of proteinopathy, abnormal activation glial cells, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, impaired autophagy cellular senescence excessive patient’s age. Moreover, mitochondrial disfunction, epigenetic alterations neurogenesis inhibition, together with increased blood–brain barrier permeability gut dysbiosis, have been linked to ND pathogenesis. Since NDs still lack curative treatment, recent research has sought therapeutic options in restoring microbiota supplementing probiotic bacteria-derived metabolites beneficial action host—so called postbiotics. current review focuses on literature explaining mechanisms involved pathogenesis addressing impact that postbiotics as a whole mixture particular metabolites, such short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), lactate, polyamines, polyphenols, tryptophan exopolysaccharides bacterial extracellular vesicles, ageing-associated processes underlying also discusses issue implementing into prophylaxis therapy, depicting them compounds senescence-triggered dysfunctions worth translating from bench pharmaceutical market response “silver consumers” demands.

Language: Английский

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Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic possibilities of short-chain fatty acids in posttraumatic stress disorder patients: a mini-review

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: June 3, 2024

This mini-review explores the role of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Highlighting microbiota-gut-brain axis, this study investigated bidirectional communication between gut microbiome and mental health. SCFAs, byproducts microbial fermentation, have been examined for their potential impact on PTSD, with a focus molecular mechanisms therapeutic interventions. review discusses changes SCFA levels bacterial profiles individuals emphasizing need further research. Promising outcomes from clinical trials using probiotics fermented formulations suggest avenues PTSD management. Future directions involve establishing comprehensive human cohorts, integrating multiomics data, employing advanced computational methods, goal deepening our understanding SCFAs exploring microbiota-targeted

Language: Английский

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Antioxidant activity of postbiotics

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 469 - 489

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Effects of probiotic treatment on the prognosis of patients with sepsis: a systematic review

World Journal of Emergency Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 18 - 18

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Sepsis, a common acute and critical disease, leads to 11 million deaths annually worldwide. Probiotics are living microorganisms that beneficial the host may benefit sepsis outcomes, but their effects still inconclusive. This study aimed evaluate overall effect of probiotics on prognosis patients with sepsis. We searched several sources for published/presented studies, including PubMed, EMBASE, Web Science, Cochrane Library US National Medicine Clinical Trials Register (www.clinicaltrials.gov) updated through July 30, 2023, identify all relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or observational studies assessed effectiveness synbiotics in reported mortality. focused primarily mortality during period analyzed secondary 28-day mortality, in-intensive care unit (ICU) other outcomes. Data from 405 five RCTs 108 one cohort were included analysis. The quality was satisfactory, clinical heterogeneity existed. All adult tendency reduce sepsis, most decreasing trend incidence infectious complications, length ICU stay duration antibiotic use. There only RCT involving children. show promise improving reducing particularly patients. Despite limited number especially children, these findings will be encouraging practice treatment suggest gut microbiota-targeted therapy improve

Language: Английский

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Sepsis and post-sepsis syndrome: a multisystem challenge requiring comprehensive care and management—a review

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: April 8, 2025

Sepsis, a medical emergency with high mortality rates, demands comprehensive care spanning from early identification to patient rehabilitation. The sepsis survival chain encompasses recognition, severity assessment, activation of services, initial antimicrobial therapy, hemodynamic stabilization, and integrated These interconnected steps are critical reducing morbidity mortality. Despite advancements in international guidelines, adherence remains limited, contributing significant disease burden. Beyond its acute phase, post-sepsis syndrome (PSS) is characterized by long-term immune dysregulation, chronic inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, predisposing survivors recurrent infections, cardiovascular disease, neurocognitive decline. Mitochondrial dysfunction epigenetic modifications play central role prolonged immunosuppression, impairing adaptive innate responses. Sepsis-induced organ impacts multiple systems, including the brain, heart, kidneys. In it associated neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier accumulation neurotoxic proteins, leading cognitive impairment. Myocardial involves inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α IL-6, while sepsis-associated kidney injury (SA-AKI) arises hypoperfusion heightening risk progression disease. Additionally, alterations neutrophil continuous platelet activation, suppressed antitumoral responses contribute increased infection complications. Timely targeted interventions, cytokine modulation, restoration, support, structured rehabilitation strategies, pivotal for improving outcomes. However, financial infrastructural limitations low-resource settings pose barriers effective management. Precision medicine, AI-driven warning optimized referral networks can enhance detection personalized treatments. Promoting public professional awareness sepsis, strengthening multidisciplinary care, integrating follow-up programs imperative priorities quality life survivors.

Language: Английский

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Critical Care Nutrition from a Metabolic Point of View: A Narrative Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. 1352 - 1352

Published: April 15, 2025

Background: Critical illness induces profound metabolic alterations, characterized by a hypermetabolic state, insulin resistance, protein catabolism, and gut barrier dysfunction, which contribute to increased morbidity mortality. Emerging evidence highlights the role of microbiome its metabolites in modulating systemic inflammation immune responses during critical illness. This narrative review explores evolution critically ill patients, impact dysbiosis on disease progression, potential nutrition metabolism improving patient outcomes. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed Google Scholar for articles published up February 2025. Search terms included “critical illness”, “metabolism”, “gut microbiota”, “nutrition”, related keywords. Articles English addressing changes, nutritional strategies patients were included. After screening eligibility, relevant synthesized outline current knowledge identify gaps. Results: Metabolic changes progress through distinct phases, from catabolism-driven hypermetabolism gradual recovery. Gut dysbiosis, loss microbial diversity permeability, contributes organ dysfunction. Nutritional strategies, including enteral nutrition, probiotics, prebiotics, metabolomics-driven interventions, may help restore balance, preserve integrity, modulate responses. Future therapy should focus modulation rather than solely nutrient deficits. Conclusions: Advances research metabolomics offer new avenues personalized tailored demands patients. Integrating these approaches improve clinical functional recovery while mitigating long-term consequences

Language: Английский

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The History and Prediction of Prebiotics and Postbiotics: A Patent Analysis

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 380 - 380

Published: Jan. 27, 2024

Prebiotics and postbiotics have gained attention as functional food additives due to their substantial influence on the gut microbiome potential implications for human health a broader scale. In addition, number of patents these has also increased, yet classification been problematic. this study, we classified 2215 granted from 2001 2020 by functionality enable predictions future development directions. These encompassed subjects diverse feed supplementation, regulation intestinal homeostasis, prevention gastrointestinal ailments, targeted drug administration augmentation potency. The progression issued during time frame could be divided into three phases: occasional accounts prior 2001, period 2013 which an average 42 were annually, followed surge exceeding 140 annually after 2013. latter increase indicated that pre- post-biotics recognized biologically relevant. Patent mining therefore can forecasts trajectory biologics provide insights evaluate advancement. Moreover, research is first attempt generalize predict directions prebiotics using patent information offers comprehensive perspective utilization across wide variety fields.

Language: Английский

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Postbiotics as Adjuvant Therapy in Cancer Care

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(15), P. 2400 - 2400

Published: July 24, 2024

Postbiotics are defined as a preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers health benefit to the host. They range from cell wall fragments metabolites, bacterial lysates, extracellular vesicles, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). may influence carcinogenesis via variety mechanisms. can promote homeostatic immune responses, reduce inflammation, induce selective cytotoxicity against tumor cells, well enabling control proliferation enhancing intestinal epithelial barrier function. Therefore, probiotics serve an adjunct strategy in anticancer treatment together with chemotherapy immunotherapy. Up now, only relevant postbiotics used interventions oncological patients remain vitamin K molecules, few phase-II III trials available. In fact, postbiotics’ levels strictly dependent on gut microbiota’s composition, which vary between individuals be altered under different physiological pathological conditions. lack consistent clinical evidence supporting efficacy is due poor bioavailability, short half-life, fluctuating levels. Synbiotics, mixture prebiotics probiotics, expected have more homogeneous bioavailability respect greater potential for future development. this review, we focus role adjuvant therapy cancer treatment.

Language: Английский

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Genetic polymorphisms, biomarkers and signaling pathways associated with septic shock: from diagnosis to therapeutic targets

Burns & Trauma, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Septic shock is a severe form of sepsis characterized by high global mortality rates and significant heritability. Clinicians have long been perplexed the differential expression genes, which poses challenges for early diagnosis prompt treatment septic shock. Genetic polymorphisms play crucial roles in determining susceptibility to, from, prognosis Research indicates that pathogenic genes are known to cause through specific alleles, protective shown confer beneficial effects on affected individuals. Despite existence many biomarkers linked shock, their clinical use remains limited. Therefore, further investigation needed identify can facilitate prevention, risk stratification. closely associated with multiple signaling pathways, including toll-like receptor 2/toll-like 4, tumor necrosis factor-α, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B, mitogen-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor κB, Janus kinase/signal transducer activator transcription, mammalian target rapamycin, NOD-like thermal domain-associated 3 hypoxia-induced-factor-1 pathways. Understanding regulation these pathways may lead identification therapeutic targets development novel drugs treat or In conclusion, identifying gene during allows physicians stratify patients according at an stage. Furthermore, auxiliary examinations assist within relevant facilitating treatment, reducing improving patients. Although there has progress studying genetic polymorphisms, involved journey toward application widespread implementation still lies ahead.

Language: Английский

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EFFECTS OF FEEDING VARIOUS LEVELS OF POSTBIOTICS PRODUCED BY LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, GASTROINTESTINAL MICROBIOTA COUNT, AND DIGESTIBILITY OF SOME NUTRIENTS IN BROILER CHICKENS

Mağallaẗ zirāʿaẗ al-rāfidayn, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 52(2), P. 68 - 81

Published: June 1, 2024

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact adding postbiotics produced from two species lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lap) and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (Lpp), broiler chicken diets on their productivity, gastrointestinal microbiota count, nutrient digestibility. Using a completely randomized design, 315 one-day-old chicks (Ross- 308) were randomly divided into seven groups three replications, with fifteen unsexed per replicate. basal diet administered without supplements (negative control) or supplemented Tetracycline (TET) at 0.02% (positive control). other five groups: T1, T2 (basal Lap 0.25%, 0.50% respectively); T3, T4 Lpp T5, 0.25% + Lpp).Results indicated that feeding chickens (excluding T1) positive control resulted in significant improvements (P≤0.05) body weight gain, feed intake, conversion ratio, production index, economic efficiency compared negative group. Also showed highest level Lactobacilli count jejunum, lowest E. coli bacteria decreased significantly all control. Additionally, TET treatments improved digestibility dry matter, protein, fat, protein ratio passage rate results suggest can enhance growth performance, digestibility, efficiency, rate, intestinal chickens.

Language: Английский

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