Analysis of anti-SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-neutralizing antibody titers in different vaccinated and unvaccinated convalescent plasma sources

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Oct. 29, 2022

Abstract The latest SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern Omicron, with its immune escape from therapeutic anti-Spike monoclonal antibodies and WA-1 vaccine-elicited sera, demonstrates the continued relevance COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) therapies. Lessons learnt previous usage CCP suggests focusing on early outpatients immunocompromised recipients, high neutralizing antibody titer units. Here, we systematically review Omicron-neutralizing activity data, report that approximately 47% (424/902) samples unvaccinated pre-Omicron donors neutralizes Omicron BA.1 a very low geometric mean titers for 50% neutralization GM(GMT 50 ) ~13, representing > 20-fold reduction neutralization. Non-convalescent subjects who had received two doses mRNA vaccines GM(GMT50) ~27. However, vaccinees recovering either variants infection, or third-dose uninfected was nearly 100% against BA.1, BA.2 BA.4/5 GM(GMT( )) all over 189, 10 times higher than CCP. Fully vaccinated post-BA.1 (Vax-CCP) 450 >1,500 BA.2. These findings have implications both stocks collected in prior pandemic periods future plans to restart collections. Thus, Vax-CCP provides an effective tool combat ongoing antibodies.

Language: Английский

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Strong humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike after BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination with a 16-week interval between doses

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 30(1), P. 97 - 109.e5

Published: Dec. 3, 2021

Language: Английский

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Heterologous prime–boost strategies for COVID-19 vaccines

Journal of Travel Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 11, 2021

Heterologous prime-boost doses of COVID-19 vaccines ('mix-and-match' approach) are being studied to test for the effectiveness Oxford (AZD1222), Pfizer (BNT162b2), Moderna (mRNA-1273) and Novavax (NVX-CoV2373) COVID in 'Com-Cov2 trial' UK, that 'CombivacS Spain. Later, other heterologous combinations CoronaVac (DB15806), Janssen (JNJ-78436735), CanSino (AD5-nCOV) were also trialled explore their effectiveness. Previously, such a strategy was deployed HIV, Ebola virus, malaria, tuberculosis, influenza hepatitis B develop artificial acquired active immunity. The present review explores science behind an approach candidate developed using 11 different platforms approved by World Health Organization.The vaccines' pharmaceutical parameters (e.g. platforms, number needed vaccinate intervals, adjuvanted status, excipients preservatives added, efficacy effectiveness, vaccine adverse events, boosters), clinical aspects must be analysed mix-and-match approach. Results trials showed safety, higher systemic reactogenicity, well tolerability with improved immunogenicity, flexibility profiles future vaccinations, especially during acute global shortages, compared homologous counterparts.Still, large controlled warranted address challenging variants concerns including Omicron other, generalize regular as emergency use scarcity.

Language: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Spike recognition by plasma from individuals receiving BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination with a 16-week interval between doses

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 38(9), P. 110429 - 110429

Published: Feb. 8, 2022

Continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants concern (VOCs) is fueling the COVID-19 pandemic. Omicron (B.1.1.529) rapidly spread worldwide. The large number mutations in its Spike raise concerns about a major antigenic drift that could significantly decrease vaccine efficacy and infection-induced immunity. A long interval between BNT162b2 mRNA doses elicits antibodies efficiently recognize Spikes from different VOCs. Here, we evaluate recognition by plasma cohort naive previously infected individuals who received their 16 weeks apart. recognized less than D614G, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta Spikes. We compare with activity participants receiving short (4 weeks) regimen. Plasma long-interval neutralize better compared those interval. Whether this difference confers any clinical benefit against remains unknown.

Language: Английский

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Waning effectiveness of BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 covid-19 vaccines over six months since second dose: OpenSAFELY cohort study using linked electronic health records

BMJ, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e071249 - e071249

Published: July 20, 2022

To estimate waning of covid-19 vaccine effectiveness over six months after second dose.

Language: Английский

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Instructing durable humoral immunity for COVID-19 and other vaccinable diseases

Immunity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 55(6), P. 945 - 964

Published: May 10, 2022

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 endgame: From pandemic to endemic? Vaccination, reopening and evolution in low- and high-vaccinated populations

Journal of Theoretical Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 559, P. 111368 - 111368

Published: Nov. 24, 2022

Language: Английский

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Estimated Protection of Prior SARS-CoV-2 Infection Against Reinfection With the Omicron Variant Among Messenger RNA–Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated Individuals in Quebec, Canada

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(10), P. e2236670 - e2236670

Published: Oct. 14, 2022

Importance The Omicron variant is phylogenetically and antigenically distinct from earlier SARS-CoV-2 variants the original vaccine strain. Protection conferred by prior infection against reinfection, with without vaccination, requires quantification. Objective To estimate protection reinfection hospitalization heterologous non-Omicron and/or up to 3 doses of an ancestral, Wuhan-like messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine. Design, Setting, Participants This test-negative, population-based case-control study was conducted between December 26, 2021, March 12, 2022, included community-dwelling individuals aged 12 years or older who were tested for in province Quebec, Canada. Exposures Prior laboratory-confirmed mRNA vaccination. Main Outcomes Measures main outcome associated hospitalization, presumed be according genomic surveillance. odds vaccination compared case participants hospitalizations vs test-negative control participants. Estimated derived as 1 − ratio, adjusted age, sex, testing indication, epidemiologic week. Analyses stratified severity time since last dose. Results 696 439 (224 007 472 432 participants); 62.2% 63.9% female 87.4% 75.5% 18 69 years, respectively. detected 9505 (4.2%) 29 712 (6.3%). Among nonvaccinated individuals, a 44% reduction (95% CI, 38%-48%) risk, which decreased 66% 57%-73%) at 5 months 35% 21%-47%) 9 11 postinfection below 30% thereafter. more severe infection, greater risk reduction. CI) consistently significantly higher among vaccinated infection-naive 65% (63%-67%) 20% (16%-24%) dose, 68% (67%-70%) 42% (41%-44%) 2 doses, 83% (81%-84%) 73% (72%-73%) doses. For estimated Omicron-associated 81% (66%-89%) increased 86% (77%-99%) 1, 94% (91%-96%) 2, 97% (94%-99%) signs waning. Conclusions Relevance findings this suggest that provided greatest hospitalization. In context program goals prevent outcomes preserve health care system capacity, third dose may add limited twice-vaccinated infection.

Language: Английский

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The role of vaccines in the COVID-19 pandemic: what have we learned?

Seminars in Immunopathology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 45(4-6), P. 451 - 468

Published: July 12, 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged late in 2019 and caused the disease (COVID-19) pandemic that has so far claimed approximately 20 million lives. Vaccines were developed quickly, became available end of 2020, had a tremendous impact on protection from SARS-CoV-2 mortality but with emerging variants morbidity was diminished. Here I review what we learned COVID-19 vaccinologist's perspective.

Language: Английский

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Association of COVID-19 Vaccinations With Intensive Care Unit Admissions and Outcome of Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia in Lombardy, Italy

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(10), P. e2238871 - e2238871

Published: Oct. 27, 2022

Importance Data on the association of COVID-19 vaccination with intensive care unit (ICU) admission and outcomes patients SARS-CoV-2–related pneumonia are scarce. Objective To evaluate whether is associated preventing ICU for to compare baseline characteristics vaccinated unvaccinated admitted an ICU. Design, Setting, Participants This retrospective cohort study regional data sets reports: (1) daily number administered vaccines (2) all consecutive in Lombardy, Italy, from August 1 December 15, 2021 (Delta variant predominant). Vaccinated received either mRNA (BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273) adenoviral vector (ChAdOx1-S Ad26.COV2). Incident rate ratios (IRRs) were computed 1, 2021, January 31, 2022; analyzed 2021. Exposures status (no vaccination, vaccine, vaccine). Main Outcomes Measures The incidence IRR was evaluated, comparing people unvaccinated, adjusted age sex. at investigated. between mortality hospital discharge also studied, adjusting possible confounders. Results Among 10 107 674 inhabitants time this study, median [IQR] 48 [28-64] years 5 154 914 (51.0%) female. Of 7 863 417 individuals who (median age: 53 [33-68] years; 4 010 343 [51.4%] female), 6 251 (79.5%) 550 439 (7.0%) 061 561 (13.5%) a mix 497 875 (57.2%) boosted. Compared people, vaccine within 120 days last dose 0.03 (95% CI, 0.03-0.04; P < .001), whereas after 0.21 0.19-0.24; .001). There 553 during period: 139 (25.1%) 414 (74.9%) unvaccinated. patients, older [IQR]: 72 [66-76] vs 60 [51-69] primarily male (110 [79.1%] 252 [60.9%]; more comorbidities 2 [1-3] 0 [0-1] comorbidities; .001) had higher ratio arterial partial pressure oxygen (Pa o ) fraction inspiratory (FiO 138 [100-180] [90-158] mm Hg; = .007). Factors age, premorbid heart disease, lower Pa /FiO admission, female sex (this factor only mortality). similar patients. Conclusions Relevance In significantly risk pneumonia. not status. These findings suggest substantial reduction developing COVID-19–related severe acute respiratory failure requiring among people.

Language: Английский

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