Korean Journal of Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
98(5), P. 208 - 211
Published: Oct. 1, 2023
This
review
provides
the
complex
interaction
between
human
immunodeficiency
virus
(HIV)
infection
and
gut
microbiota.
HIV
exerts
chronic
effects
by
impairing
immune
system,
closely
linked
with
alterations
in
While
advances
highly
active
antiretroviral
therapy
have
achieved
undetectable
bloodstream,
persistent
microbial
translocation
microbiota
despite
antiviral
treatment
leads
to
systemic
activation
inflammation
people
living
(PLHIV).
There
is
need
for
elucidating
which
specific
microbes
their
byproducts
that
contribute
PLHIV.
Furthermore,
gaining
a
deeper
understanding
of
connection
metabolic
disorders
holds
significant
potential
addressing
managing
conditions
like
premature
aging
diseases.
Monitoring
composition
shows
promise
developing
diagnostic
markers
therapeutic
Natural Product Communications,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
20(2)
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
Background
High-fat
diet
(HFD)-induced
nonalcoholic
fatty
liver
disease
(NAFLD)
is
a
key
link
between
several
medical
conditions
and
becoming
major
health
concern
affecting
thousands
of
people
globally.
Andrographolide,
an
active
ingredient
extracted
from
Andrographis
paniculate,
has
shown
anti-inflammatory
anti-fibrosis
effects
in
recent
studies.
Objective
This
study
aims
to
explore
whether
andrographolide
can
mitigate
HFD-induced
NAFLD
the
underlying
mechanism.
Methods
We
treated
C57B/6
mice
consuming
high-fat
(HFD)
with
varying
concentrations
andrographolide.
Enzyme-linked
immunosorbent
assay
(ELISA)
was
employed
evaluate
function
indicators
circulating
blood.
Haematoxylin
Eosin
Oil
Red
O
staining
were
used
assess
inflammation
infiltration
lipid
deposits
tissues.
Reverse
transcription-quantitative
polymerase
chain
reaction
(RT-qPCR)
immunoblotting
analyze
expression
levels
genes
proteins.
Results
ELISA
revealed
that
dose-dependently
mitigated
elevations
glucose,
alanine
aminotransferase,
aspartate
aminotransferase
Histological
analysis
indicated
reduced
deposition.
RT-qPCR
analyses
showed
inhibited
overproduction
tumor
necrosis
factor
(TNF)-α,
interleukin
(IL)-1β,
IL-6,
up-regulation
p-p65
NLRP3
Conclusion
Together,
these
results
suggest
treatment
impairments,
accumulation,
pro-inflammatory
cytokine
overproduction,
inflammatory
responses
by
regulating
NF-κB
signaling
pathway.
However,
it
important
note
our
are
observational
do
not
conclusively
demonstrate
necessity
pathway's
involvement
NAFLD-alleviating
highlights
need
for
further
validation
at
both
gene
protein
through
additional
vitro
vivo
experiments.
Frontiers in Nutrition,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: March 18, 2024
Background
Despite
the
rapid
increase
in
global
prevalence
of
Metabolic
Dysfunction-Associated
Fatty
Liver
Disease
(MAFLD),
there
are
no
approved
therapeutic
drugs
for
MAFLD
yet.
Nutrient
supplementation
might
mitigate
risk
MAFLD.
It
is
more
typical
individuals
to
consume
multiple
nutrients
simultaneously.
However,
studies
exploring
combined
effects
on
limited.
This
study
aimed
investigate
relationship
between
both
individual
and
their
influence
Methods
Data
were
obtained
from
National
Health
Nutrition
Examination
Survey
(NHANES),
18
types
considered
this
study.
Logistic
regression
analysis
was
performed
evaluate
correlation
single
The
Least
Absolute
Shrinkage
Selection
Operator
(LASSO)
pinpoint
most
relevant
nutrient
associated
with
Subsequently,
Weighted
Quantile
Sum
(WQS)
g-computation
(Qgcomp)
used
assess
Results
A
total
3,069
participants
included
LASSO
showed
that
Se,
α-tocopherol,
γ-tocopherol
exhibited
a
positive
association
In
contrast,
serum
levels
Co,
P,
α-cryptoxanthin,
LZ,
trans-β-carotene
inversely
When
Se
two
vitamin
E
excluded,
WQS
index
significant
inverse
remaining
15
MAFLD;
α-cryptoxanthin
substantial
contribution.
Similarly,
Qgcomp
suggested
these
lower
MAFLD,
possessing
negative
weights.
Conclusion
complex
either
low
proportion
or
without
them
should
be
recommended
patients
reduce
its
risk.
The American Journal of Gastroenterology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
119(9), P. 1841 - 1848
Published: March 13, 2024
INTRODUCTION:
Hepatic
steatosis
is
highly
prevalent
in
people
living
with
HIV.
It
remains
unclear
whether
HIV
patients
metabolic
dysfunction-associated
steatotic
liver
disease
(MASLD)
associated
greater
risks
of
progression
and
cardiovascular
(CVD).
We
aim
to
evaluate
the
impact
infection
on
CVD
outcomes
among
US
Veterans
MASLD.
METHODS:
Using
national
Administration
data
from
2010
2022,
we
created
a
propensity
score-matched
cohort
MASLD
vs
without
Primary
were
incidence
cirrhosis
hepatocellular
carcinoma
(HCC)
MASLD-HIV
antiretroviral
therapy
(ART)
not
ART.
Secondary
included
major
adverse
events
overall
survival.
RESULTS:
The
propensity-matched
920
was
similar
demographics
comorbidities.
Compared
HIV,
incidences
HCC
event
higher
(5.18
4.48
per
100
person-years,
P
=
0.03).
Overall
5-year
survival
significantly
lower
even
those
DISCUSSION:
Among
MASLD,
concurrent
infection,
particularly
being
ART,
decreased
No
differences
or
observed.
HIV Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(6), P. 725 - 736
Published: Feb. 21, 2024
Abstract
Introduction
Immune
dysregulation
persists
in
people
with
HIV
(PWH)
on
antiretroviral
therapy
(ART)
and
may
lead
to
accelerated
vascular
ageing
cardiovascular
disease
(CVD).
While
delayed
time
initiation
of
ART
has
been
linked
worse
outcomes,
the
effect
during
acute
infection
these
outcomes
is
not
well
understood.
Methods
Participants
were
enrolled
from
SEARCH010/RV254
(AHI)
HIV‐NAT
chronic
(CHI)
cohorts
Thailand.
6‐year
follow‐up
viral
suppression
(viral
load
<
50
copies/μL)
at
included.
Both
unmatched
age
gender‐matched
analysed.
Demographics,
laboratories,
risk
factors
enrolment
obtained
electronic
records.
Framingham
Risk
Score
(FRS),
(VA),
deviation
(VAD),
10‐year
atherosclerotic
(ASCVD)
calculated
previously
published
equations.
Vascular
AHI
CHI
compared,
univariable
multivariable
linear
regression
analyses
used
investigate
associated
scores.
Results
In
all,
373
participants
608
identified.
younger
age,
had
a
higher
prevalence
syphilis
lower
prior
hepatitis
B,
tuberculosis,
diabetes,
hypertension.
Higher
CD4
T‐cell
CD8
counts
seen
cohort
follow‐up.
all
participants,
median
FRS
(
p
0.001)
VA
0.001),
but
VAD
0.001).
However,
matched
cohorts,
no
differences
found
FRS‐based
outcomes.
after
6
years
was
body
mass
index
count
which
persisted
analysis.
When
components
analysed
individually,
only
male
sex
cholesterol.
Conclusions
We
did
identify
who
started
versus
CHI.
identified
correlation
between
be
driven
by
underlying
metabolic
factors.
Further
study
needed
confirm
findings
evaluate
mechanisms.
