The hologenome of Daphnia magna reveals possible DNA methylation and microbiome-mediated evolution of the host genome

Nucleic Acids Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 51(18), P. 9785 - 9803

Published: Aug. 28, 2023

Properties that make organisms ideal laboratory models in developmental and medical research are often the ones also them less representative of wild relatives. The waterflea Daphnia magna is an exception, by both sharing many properties with established being a keystone species, sentinel species for assessing water quality, indicator environmental change ecotoxicology model. Yet, Daphnia's full potential has not been fully exploited because challenges associated assembling annotating its gene-rich genome. Here, we present first hologenome magna, consisting chromosomal-level assembly D. genome draft metagenome. By sequencing mapping transcriptomes from exposures to conditions morphological landmarks, expand previously annotates gene set this species. We provide evidence role gene-body DNA-methylation as mutagen mediating evolution. For time, our study shows gut microbes resistance commonly used antibiotics virulence factors, potentially environmental-driven rapid Key findings improve understanding contribution DNA methylation microbiota evolution response rapidly changing environments.

Language: Английский

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The epigenetic basis of evolution

Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 178, P. 57 - 69

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

An increasing body of data are revealing key roles epigenetics in evolutionary processes. The scope this manuscript is to assemble a coherent frame experimental evidence supporting role epigenetic factors and networks, active during embryogenesis, orchestrating variation-inducing phenomena underlying evolution, seen as global process. This process unfolds over two crucial levels: i) flow RNA-based information - predominantly small regulatory RNAs released from somatic cells exposed environmental stimuli – taken up by spermatozoa delivered oocytes at fertilization ii) the highly permissive variation-prone environments offered zygotes totipotent early embryos. Totipotent embryos provide variety biological tools favouring emergence evolutionarily significant phenotypic novelties driven RNA information. Under light, neither random genomic mutations, nor sieving natural selection required, sperm-delivered cargo conveys specific acts “phenotypic-inducer” defined environmentally acquired traits.

Language: Английский

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Expanding Role of Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease

Exploratory Research and Hypothesis in Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 000(000), P. 000 - 000

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

The traditional definition of epigenetics encompasses all molecular pathways that affect how a genotype expresses itself on the way to particular phenotype, with serving as interface between and phenotype. Unlike genetic changes, which may have protracted, irreversible effects health emergence illnesses, epigenetic modifications are reversible do not change DNA sequence. However, they can our bodies interpret sequences. Gene expression regulated by has emerged major contributing element etiology many diseases over time crucial determinant human health. One strongest arguments in support gene controlled comes from startling discovery methylation causes X-chromosome inactivation, been connected several diseases. intrinsic uterine environment, where embryo fetus grow develop become neonates is vulnerable early settings throughout development, affecting offspring's long-term well their predisposition for different germ cell development influenced environmental factors, result transgenerational effects. Therefore, this article, we essentially provide summary present level understanding concerning function regarding critical facets health, including embryonic adulthood, emphasis explaining underlying diverse mechanisms regulate onset diseases, cutting-edge technological tools used study epigenome. Finally, talk about state therapies, might be put use treatment range

Language: Английский

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Cell consciousness: a dissenting opinion

EMBO Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 2162 - 2167

Published: March 28, 2024

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Seed dormancy in Asteraceae: a global vegetation zone and taxonomic/phylogenetic assessment

Seed Science Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(2), P. 135 - 169

Published: April 17, 2023

Abstract The Asteraceae with up to 30,000 species occurs on all continents except Antarctica and in major vegetation zones earth. Our primary aim was consider cypselae dormancy-break germination of relation ecology, evolution. Cypselae are desiccation-tolerant various tribes, genera, life forms either non-dormant (ND) or have non-deep physiological dormancy (PD) at maturity. All six types PD found among the Asteraceae, is broken by cold warm stratification afterripening. Soil banks may be formed but mostly short-lived. Much within-species variation has been found. Using data compiled for 1192 373 genera 35 tribes we considered ND form, zone tribe. Senecioneae Astereae had best representation across In evergreen semi-evergreen rainforests, more than PD, other zones, alpine/high-latitude tundra (where equal), ND. Tribes basal central grades those Heliantheae Alliance both PD. high diversity lability enhanced rate diversification promoting survival new and/or habitats that became available following globally disruptive events since origin Late Cretaceous.

Language: Английский

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DNA methylation is associated with codon degeneracy in a species of bumblebee

Heredity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 130(4), P. 188 - 195

Published: Jan. 19, 2023

Abstract Social insects display extreme phenotypic differences between sexes and castes even though the underlying genome can be almost identical. Epigenetic processes have been proposed as a possible mechanism for mediating these differences. Using whole bisulfite sequencing of queens, males, reproductive female workers we characterised sex- caste-specific methylome bumblebee Bombus terrestris . We identified potential role DNA methylation in histone modification which may influence sex caste also find differentially methylated genes generally show low levels suggest separate function lowly transcriptional plasticity, unlike highly are usually involved housekeeping functions. examined relationship using re-sequencing same queens males. is enriched at zero-fold degenerate sites. acting targeted mutagen sites, providing substrate selection via non-synonymous changes genome. However, did not see any rates positive our samples. In order to fully assess adaptive specifically designed study natural population data needed.

Language: Английский

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Costs of molecular adaptation to the chemical exposome: a focus on xenobiotic metabolism pathways

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 379(1898)

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Organisms adapt to their environment through different pathways. In vertebrates, xenobiotics are detected, metabolized and eliminated the inducible xenobiotic-metabolizing pathways (XMP) which can also generate reactive toxic intermediates. this review, we will discuss impacts of chemical exposome complexity on balance between detoxication side effects. There is a large discrepancy limited number proteins involved in these (few dozens) diversity (tens thousands chemicals). Several XMP have low specificity allows them bind and/or metabolize chemicals. This leads undesired consequences, such as cross-inhibition, inefficient metabolism, release intermediates, etc. Furthermore, several endogenous functions that may be disrupted upon exposure exogenous The gut microbiome produces very metabolites enter body part exposome. It either eliminate or lead derivatives. complex interactions chemicals origins illustrated by diverse roles aryl hydrocarbon receptor binds transduces signals xenobiotics, metabolites, dietary compounds. article theme issue ‘Endocrine responses environmental variation: conceptual approaches recent developments’.

Language: Английский

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Epigentics

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

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The relationship between social adversity, micro-RNA expression and post-traumatic stress in a prospective, community-based cohort.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 17, 2025

Epigenetics influence and are influenced by the impact of social environmental challenges on biological outcomes. Therefore, pinpointing epigenetic factors associated with adversity traumatic stress enables understanding mechanisms underlying vulnerability resilience. We hypothesized that micro-RNAs (miRNAs) expression may be post-traumatic disorder symptom severity (i.e., PTSS) following exposure to adversity. To test this hypothesis, we leveraged blood-derived RNA samples (n=632) data from 483 unique participants in Detroit Neighborhood Health Study, a community-based, prospective cohort predominantly African Americans. Results identified 86 miRNAs adversities (financial difficulties, perceived discrimination, cumulative trauma) PTSS. These primarily involved immune response, brain neural function, as well cell cycle differentiation, 22 (25%) have previously been conditions related PTSD, including injury response. Our findings offer fresh perspective role miRNA interaction between stress.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of Epigenetic Transgenerational Inheritance

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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