Pathophysiological Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Diet-Induced Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Animal Models

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 241 - 241

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

The global pandemic of obesity poses a serious health, social, and economic burden. Patients living with are at an increased risk developing noncommunicable diseases or to die prematurely. Obesity is state chronic low-grade inflammation. Neutrophils first be recruited sites inflammation, where they contribute host defense via phagocytosis, degranulation, extrusion neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs web-like DNA structures nuclear mitochondrial associated cytosolic antimicrobial proteins. primary function NETosis preventing the dissemination pathogens. However, neutrophils may occasionally misidentify molecules as danger-associated molecular patterns, triggering NET formation. This can lead further recruitment neutrophils, resulting in propagation vicious cycle persistent systemic scenario occur when infiltrate expanded obese adipose tissue. Thus, implicated pathophysiology autoimmune metabolic disorders, including obesity. review explores role two obesity-associated conditions-hypertension liver steatosis. With rising prevalence driving research into its pathophysiology, particularly through diet-induced models rodents, we discuss insights gained from both human animal studies. Additionally, highlight potential offered by rodent opportunities presented genetically modified mouse strains for advancing our understanding obesity-related

Language: Английский

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Breaking Ground: From CPAP Treatment to the First Medicine for OSA Patients with Obesity

Current Pulmonology Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 11, 2025

Abstract Purpose of Review Pharmacologic alternatives in management obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have been pursued for decades. Considering rapid development and promising findings recent years, we provide an overview novel agents treatment targets, ongoing trials, as well future perspectives. Recent Findings Several drugs demonstrate efficacy, though none is sufficient to cure the disease a monotherapy. Instead, main potential lies applying drug therapy specific subgroups or addition established treatments (e.g., positive airway pressure, oral appliance therapy). Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonists may be particularly beneficial obese OSA patients. As major breakthrough, terzipatide, GIP analog GLP-1 agonist, has become first FDA-approved EMA-sanctioned pharmacologic option individuals. Beyond this, alerting could help manage residual daytime sleepiness improve functioning. However, long-term studies on safety, adherence, effectiveness are scarce highlight certain limitations challenges. Summary Incorporating pharmaceuticals along conventional synergy benefit patients, but side-effects risk reduction related adverse outcomes over time yet assessed. Furthermore, guidelines/frameworks mapping out applicable targets needed.

Language: Английский

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Sex-Specific Factors Influencing Obesity in Women: Bridging the Gap Between Science and Clinical Practice

Circulation Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 136(6), P. 594 - 605

Published: March 13, 2025

Obesity in women is a significant public health issue with serious implications for cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. This complex challenge influenced by physiological, hormonal, socioeconomic, cultural factors. Women face unique weight management challenges due to hormonal changes during pregnancy, perimenopause, menopause, which affect fat distribution increase risk. Current clinical guidelines often overlook these sex-specific factors, potentially limiting the effectiveness of obesity strategies women. review explores aspects obesity’s pathophysiology, epidemiological trends, associated comorbidities, focusing on metabolic complications. synthesizes literature women, emphasizing factors influencing its development progression. It examines limitations body mass index as an measure alternative classification methods. Additionally it investigates relationship between comorbidities such diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, focus postmenopausal linked increased risks Hormonal fluctuations throughout life contribute gain patterns specific increasing disease Effective must account variations. Postmenopausal are particularly affected obesity-related Lifestyle interventions, pharmacotherapy, bariatric surgery have shown efficacy management, though success rates vary. Addressing requires comprehensive approach that considers physiological life-stage challenges, sociocultural barriers. Integrating precision medicine emerging therapies offers potential more personalized effective interventions. Personalized consider women’s biological can enhance improve outcomes. Future research practice should developing tailored address vulnerabilities validating interventions

Language: Английский

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Weight Loss Therapies and Hypertension Benefits

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 2293 - 2293

Published: Oct. 10, 2024

Obesity and hypertension have become an international health issue, with detrimental consequences on patients. share common pathophysiological mechanisms, such as overactivity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone sympathetic nervous systems, insulin resistance, disruption leptin pathway. Approved therapies for obesity overweight include phentermine/topiramate, orlistat, naltrexone/bupropion, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists liraglutide semaglutide, tirzepatide, bariatric surgery. This review gives clinical data in a thorough manner explains detail how each previously mentioned affects blood pressure levels.

Language: Английский

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Looking ahead to an exciting year in 2025

European Heart Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Language: Английский

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Cystatin C‐estimated GFR correlates with endothelial function improvements following bariatric surgery

European Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 11, 2025

Abstract Background Obesity is a critical risk factor for chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. The study aimed to explore the relationship between endothelial function, assessed by flow‐mediated dilation (FMD), estimated using cystatin C‐based eGFR (eGFRcys), in individuals with severe obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. Methods Sixty‐five BMI >35 kg/m 2 scheduled surgery were before 1 year post‐surgery. Vascular health was evaluated FMD, pulse wave velocity renal resistive index, while function measured creatinine‐based (eGFRcr) (eGFRcys) equations. FMD calculated both traditional allometric scaling methods account variations brachial arterial diameter. Results Bariatric significantly improved BMI, ( p < .001) eGFRcys = .042). Before surgery, positively correlated r .30, .011) inversely cf‐PWV −.26, .020), eGFRcr showed weaker or non‐significant associations vascular variables. increased post‐surgery, correlating improvements (traditional: .26, .038; allometric: CI [.19, .82], .003). Multivariable mixed models confirmed robust association scaling, independent of blood pressure changes. In contrast, no significant Conclusions enhances obesity. Cystatin correlates more strongly than eGFR. These findings highlight utility C as an integrative marker assessing populations affected metabolic

Language: Английский

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An overview of obesity‐related complications: The epidemiological evidence linking body weight and other markers of obesity to adverse health outcomes

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 11, 2025

Abstract Obesity is a highly prevalent chronic multisystem disease associated with shortened life expectancy due to number of adverse health outcomes. Epidemiological data link body weight and parameters central fat distribution an increasing risk for type 2 diabetes, hypertension, fatty liver diseases, cardiovascular diseases including myocardial infarction, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, stroke, obstructive sleep apnoea, osteoarthritis, mental disorders some types cancer. However, the individual develop cardiometabolic other obesity‐related cannot entirely be explained by increased mass. Rather than excess accumulation, dysfunction adipose tissue may represent mechanistic between obesity There are people living who seem protected against premature development diseases. On hand, normal typical upon predominantly visceral distribution. The mechanisms linking impaired function in include adipocyte hypertrophy, altered cellular composition, limited expandability safe subcutaneous stores, ectopic deposition depots, organs, hypoxia, variety stresses, inflammatory processes, release pro‐inflammatory, diabetogenic atherogenic signals. Genetic environmental factors might contribute either alone or via interaction intrinsic biological variation function. still many open questions regarding how causes whether these pathologies could reversed. Evidence‐based loss interventions using behaviour change, pharmacological surgical approaches have clarified beneficial effects realistic sustained on complications as hard This review focusses recent advances understanding epidemiological trends Plain Language Summary complex progressive characterized excessive that impair quality life. Worldwide, adults has more doubled since 1990. lead reduced expectancy, because it increases (e.g., high blood pressure, stroke), musculoskeletal respiratory depression certain not every person develops For better prevention treatment, important understand mass related It become clear explain higher complications. People can low developing Compared those abdominal region, average bigger cells, immune cells signals released from directly affect brain, liver, vasculature organs. Both inherited environment cause abnormalities through changes lower calorie intake, physical activity), medications surgery improve health, reduce

Language: Английский

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Obesity accelerates cardiovascular ageing

European Heart Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 8, 2025

Abstract A global obesity pandemic, coupled with an increasingly ageing population, is exacerbating the burden of cardiovascular disease. Indeed, clinical and experimental evidence underscores a potential connection between in pathogenesis various disorders. This further supported by notion that weight reduction not only effectively reduces major events elderly individuals but also considered gold standard for lifespan extension, obese non-obese model organisms. review evaluates intricate interplay from molecular mechanisms to whole organ function within system. By comparatively analysing their characteristic features, shared cell biological signatures are unveiled, intent shed light on how accelerates ageing. elaborates emerging metabolic interventions targeting might protect diseases largely through antagonizing key process itself. In sum, this aims provide valuable insight into understanding these interconnected processes could guide development novel effective therapeutics growing aged population concerning problem.

Language: Английский

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Global burden of disease attributable to metabolic risk factors in adolescents and young adults aged 15-39, 1990-2021

Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(12), P. 391 - 404

Published: Nov. 14, 2024

Language: Английский

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Thérapeutiques de l’obésité et maladies cardiovasculaires

Archives des Maladies du Coeur et des Vaisseaux - Pratique, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

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