Molecular phylogenetics, a new classification, and a new genus of the Neotropical fish family Anostomidae (Teleostei: Characiformes)

Neotropical Ichthyology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Phylogenetic reconstruction of the Neotropical freshwater fish family Anostomidae using multilocus sequence data from 97 species supports recognition three subfamilies: Leporellinae with one genus, Anostominae six genera, and Leporininae nine genera. We reassign many Leporinus to a redefined Hypomasticus allocate striatus new monotypic genus sister Abramites Megaleporinus. These taxonomic changes clarify that section anostomid tree partially solve longstanding non-monophyly Leporinus. Though relationships inferred herein match earlier morphological hypotheses, subfamily appears as unambiguous Leporellus,not Laemolyta, indicating superior mouths Laemolyta evolved convergently. Several other clades have converged on subterminal or inferior mouths, including lineages within Hypomasticus, Leporellus, Leporinus, Schizodon. This largest-ever phylogeny for will support further research provide scaffold morphological, biogeographic, evolutionary studies in this transcontinental group fishes.

Language: Английский

Functional modularity and mechanical stress shape plastic responses during fish development

Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 78(9), P. 1568 - 1582

Published: June 6, 2024

The adaptive potential of plastic phenotypes relies on combined developmental responses. We investigated how manipulation conditions related to foraging mode in the fish Megaleporinus macrocephalus induces responses at different levels: (a) functional modularity skull bones, (b) biomechanical properties chondrocranium using finite element models, (c) bmp4 expression levels, used as a proxy for molecular pathways involved bone mechanical load. identified new modules experimental groups, suggesting increased integration specific head elements associated with development subterminal and upturned mouths, which are major features morphotypes released lab. Plastic shape differences magnitude stress, seem restricted certain regions. Three bones represent "mechanical unit" changes mouth position induced by mode, that might be enhanced way regions respond Differences levels between indicate associations signaling Our results offer multilevel perspective epigenetic factors responses, expanding our knowledge about mechanisms plasticity originate novel complex phenotypes.

Language: Английский

Adaptive radiation despite conserved modularity patterns in San Salvador Island Cyprinodon pupfishes and their hybrids

Evolutionary Journal of the Linnean Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Adaptive radiations are striking examples of rapid speciation along ecological lines. In adaptive radiations, fast rates lineage diversification often pair with morphological diversification. Such has been documented through the lens drivers, overlooking intrinsic structural constraints that may also have a key role in configuring patterns trait Covariation within and between traits hypothesized to govern axes evolution, either by increasing degree covariation (i.e. integration), which promotes coordination, or strengthening modularity), allows organisms explore novel combinations different regions morphospace. Here, we study modularity skull an radiation pupfishes is endemic San Salvador Island, Bahamas. This exhibits divergent craniofacial morphologies, including generalist, snail-eating specialist, scale-eating specialist species. We assessed disparity, integration strength, across sympatric Island pupfish radiation, lab-reared hybrids, closely related outgroup Our findings revealed unexpected uniformity pattern diverse species, supporting five-module functional hypothesis comprising oral jaw, pharyngeal neurocranium, hyoid apparatus, hyomandibula. Despite this conserved pattern, all species exhibited weak but significantly varying strengths overall between-module significant disparity cranial regions. results suggest can occur even modularity. propose broadscale more while associations evolvable

Language: Английский