It’s the Little Things: The Role of Microscopic Life Stages in Maintaining Kelp Populations

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: April 29, 2022

Kelp forests are experiencing broad scale declines in abundance and shifts latitudinal ranges many areas of the world due to numerous environmental stressors, especially those associated with climate change. While majority studies on kelp ecology have focused exclusively macroscopic sporophyte life stage, a growing number is showing quite convincingly that microscopic zoospore gametophyte stages can be important establishing spatial patterns these marine forests, facilitating their recovery following deforestation. Unfortunately, sizes made them difficult study field, leading ‘black box’ surrounding what we know about ecologies. However, advances experimental methodologies laboratories studying revealing how they affected by variability conditions, providing clearer picture might respond changing ocean climate. These largely revealed kelps disperse over wide range distances, enhanced synchronous release vertical transport zoospores into shallower water, floating rafts reproductive thalli. Settlement benthos facilitated both positive negative chemotaxis, active selection microhabitats favor growth survival. Following settlement subsequent germination, haploid gametophytes delay development form bank forms persist during periods unfavorable for large populations, or develop undergo sexual reproduction which conditions. In particular, strongly increases irradiance (PAR, UVA + UVB) temperature, decreases nutrients salinity, sedimentation grazing. manner stressors varies among species geographic distributions, integral biogeographic populations. Given factors expected change as changes, species-specific responses significant implications future distribution iconic forests.

Language: Английский

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Consistency and Variation in the Kelp Microbiota: Patterns of Bacterial Community Structure Across Spatial Scales

Microbial Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 85(4), P. 1265 - 1275

Published: May 20, 2022

Language: Английский

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Legacy metal contamination is reflected in the fish gut microbiome in an urbanised estuary

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 314, P. 120222 - 120222

Published: Sept. 20, 2022

Estuaries are critical habitats subject to a range of stressors requiring effective management. Microbes gaining recognition as environmental indicators, however, the response host associated communities remains poorly understood. We examined microbial from seawater, sediments and estuarine fish Pelates sexlineatus, in Australia's largest urbanised estuary, hypothesised that anthropogenic contamination would be reflected microbiology these sample types. The human faecal markers Lachno3 HF183 were not detected, indicating negligible influence sewage, but gradient copy numbers class 1 integron (intI-1), which is often used marker for contamination, was observed positively correlated with metal concentrations. While seawater strongly driven by shifts diversity composition gut microbiome observed, statistical links levels (F2, 21 = 1.536, p < 0.01). Within microbiome, we further report increased relative abundance amplicon sequence variants (ASVs; single inferred DNA sequences obtained sequencing) identified resistant potentially pathogenic genera, well those may have roles inflammation. These results demonstrate distinct within systems unique stressors, alterations implications adaptation legacy contamination.

Language: Английский

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Host genotype and microbiome associations in co‐occurring clonal and non‐clonal kelp, Ecklonia radiata

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(16), P. 4584 - 4598

Published: June 18, 2023

Abstract A fundamental question in holobiont biology is the extent to which microbiomes are determined by host characteristics regulated their genotype. Studies on interactions of genotype and emerging but disentangling role that has shaping remains challenging natural settings. Host genotypes tend be segregated space affected different environments. Here we overcome this challenge studying an unusual situation where asexual (5 clonal lineages) sexual (15 non‐clonal same species co‐occur under environment. This allowed us partition influence morphological traits host‐associated bacterial communities. Lamina‐associated bacteria co‐occurring kelp ( Ecklonia radiata ) E. brevipes morphs were compared test whether influences beyond morphology. Similarity composition predicted functions evaluated among individuals within a single or each morph. Higher similarity inferred found identical clones other unique genotypes. Additionally, diversity differed significantly between two related with one trait (haptera). Thus, factors (e.g. secondary metabolite production) likely drive differences microbial communities morphs. The strong association microbiome here highlights importance genetic relatedness hosts determining variability symbionts.

Language: Английский

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Multiscale Spatial Variability and Stability in the Structure and Diversity of Bacterial Communities Associated with the Kelp Eisenia cokeri in Peru

Microbial Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 86(4), P. 2574 - 2582

Published: July 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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A deep dive into the ecology of Gamay (Botany Bay, Australia): current knowledge and future priorities for this highly modified coastal waterway

Marine and Freshwater Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 74(12), P. 1003 - 1025

Published: July 19, 2023

Context Gamay is a coastal waterway of immense social, cultural and ecological value. Since European settlement, it has become hub for industrialisation human modification. There growing desire ecosystem-level management urban waterways, but such efforts are often challenged by lack integrated knowledge. Aim methods We systematically reviewed published literature traditional knowledge (TEK), consulted scientists to produce review that synthesises Gamay’s aquatic ecosystem identify gaps future research opportunities. Key results found 577 resources on Gamay, which over 70% focused ecology. Intertidal rocky shores were the most studied habitat, focusing invertebrate communities. Few studies considered multiple habitats or taxa. Studies investigating cumulative impacts, long-term trends habitat connectivity lacking, broader role artificial substrate as in poorly understood. TEK remains significant gap. Habitat restoration shown promising could provide opportunities improve affected future. Conclusion implications This highlights extensive amount exists also identifies key need be filled effective management.

Language: Английский

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The role of microbial biofilms in range shifts of marine habitat-forming organisms

Trends in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(2), P. 190 - 199

Published: Aug. 25, 2023

Marine species, such as corals and kelp, are responding to climate change by altering their distributions. Microbial biofilms underpin key processes that affect the establishment, maintenance, function of these dominant habitat-formers. Climate-mediated changes microbial can therefore strongly influence species' range shifts. Here, we review emerging research on interactions between benthic habitat-formers identify two areas interaction where impact this dynamic: (i) via direct effects biofilm composition, (ii) impacts complex feedback loops which exist microbes habitat-forming organisms. We propose will be fundamental in driving speed extent tropicalisation coastal ecosystems under change.

Language: Английский

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Variations in seaweed-associated and planktonic bacterial communities along the coast of Ghana

Marine Biology Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(4-5), P. 219 - 233

Published: May 28, 2023

Seaweed associated bacteria can be exploited for sustainable production and conservation of seaweeds, although limited information exists in several coastal waters West Africa. Here, the diversity abundance on five Sargassum vulgare, Padina durvillaei, Hydropuntia dentata, Hypnea musciformis Ulva fasciata, surrounding seawaters across sites Central Western regions Ghana were investigated. Biochemical tests MALDI–TOF identification system used to determine seaweeds seawater. A total 530 bacterial isolates, belonging 28 species (and mostly Proteobacteria Firmicutes) identified. higher was found with (83%) than seawater (17%). Bacterial composition similar among taxonomically-related seaweeds. The brown (S. vulgare) red (H. musciformis) recorded most least diverse assemblage, respectively. Seasonally, marginally wet season. study provides important baseline spatial, temporal taxonomic distribution commercially valuable seaweed areas Ghana. results are also exploitation these macroalgae elsewhere.

Language: Английский

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Regional microbiome differentiation of the invasiveSargassum muticum(Fucales, Phaeophyceae) follows the generalist host hypothesis across the North East Atlantic

European Journal of Phycology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 58(3), P. 268 - 283

Published: Aug. 30, 2022

Over 90% of introduced marine species are seaweeds. Seaweeds rely on their microbiome for host settlement, nutrition, development and health. As such, it is likely that microbiomes involved in seaweed invasions. Sargassum muticum, indigenous to Southeast Asia, inhabits the North-east Atlantic from Norway Morocco. This only known successful case a non-clonal invader with almost no genetic variation over its large NE range. makes very interesting model study an invasive seaweeds microbiome, as practically uncouples variation. Associated bacteria potentially contribute plasticity acclimation S. muticum leading success last 50 years. Dispersing organisms can either bring acquired microbes along or obtain new ones locally, following mutualist generalist hypothesis, respectively. We used partial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing characterize total core across structures/tissues five regions, Morocco, covering 30° latitude. In contrast genotypes, highly diverse, regional, microbiomes, differentiation levels depending tissue, bacterial community structure were detected. follows possibly recruiting each region. promiscuity may promote invasiveness muticum. Diversity was lower young/annual tissues compared older community, suggesting these mostly transitory accumulating time parts. The included 10 OTUs, representing dominant members commonly found other seaweeds' cores. Granulosicoccus OTU followed clear regional pattern where northern southern regions clustered differentially, signature even at level.HIGHLIGHTS (NE) does not match background.NE shows geographic region tissue-specific matching bestthe hypothesis.Core – bacterium strong specialization.

Language: Английский

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Maturing giant kelp develop depth-specific microbiomes

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 4, 2024

Abstract Giant kelp ( Macrocystis pyrifera ) is a photosynthetic macroalga that produces dissolved organic carbon (DOC), essential for marine bacteria and food webs. The bacterial communities residing on giant blades consume compete complex carbohydrates, contributing to the microbiome community structure. In this study, we investigate how changes in response age depth of assess these relate differences host’s photophysiology. We find microbial increases richness evenness as age. While microbiomes juvenile are stochastic, mature coalesce into less variable, depth-specific types. Differentially abundant genera include members Bacteroidia Gammaproteobacteria , known carbohydrate degradation, Planctomycetes which often produce protective secondary metabolites. These shifts associated with increased maximum quantum yield photosystem II blades; therefore, they may be linked enhanced DOC exudation. By shedding light dynamics, our study contributes better understanding interplay between macroalgae, their respective microbiomes, surrounding environment.

Language: Английский

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