Fungal-bacterial diversity and microbiome complexity predict ecosystem functioning

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Oct. 24, 2019

Abstract The soil microbiome is highly diverse and comprises up to one quarter of Earth’s diversity. Yet, how such a functionally complex influences ecosystem functioning remains unclear. Here we manipulated the in experimental grassland ecosystems observed that diversity microbial network complexity positively influenced multiple functions related nutrient cycling (e.g. multifunctionality). Grassland microcosms with poorly developed networks reduced richness had lowest multifunctionality due fewer taxa present support same function (redundancy) lower different (reduced functional uniqueness). Moreover, explained pointing significance communities. These findings indicate importance interactions within among fungal bacterial communities for enhancing performance demonstrate extinction ecological associations belowground can impair functioning.

Language: Английский

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The interplay between microbial communities and soil properties

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(4), P. 226 - 239

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

Language: Английский

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Soil microbiomes and one health

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(1), P. 6 - 20

Published: Aug. 23, 2022

Language: Английский

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The global-scale distributions of soil protists and their contributions to belowground systems

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 6(4)

Published: Jan. 24, 2020

Protists are ubiquitous in soil, where they key contributors to nutrient cycling and energy transfer. However, protists have received far less attention than other components of the soil microbiome. We used amplicon sequencing soils from 180 locations across six continents investigate ecological preferences their functional contributions belowground systems. complemented these analyses with shotgun metagenomic 46 validate identities more abundant protist lineages. found that most dominated by consumers, although parasites phototrophs particularly tropical arid ecosystems, respectively. The best predictors composition (primarily annual precipitation) fundamentally distinct those shaping bacterial archaeal communities (namely, pH). Some bacteria co-occur globally, highlighting potential importance largely undescribed interactions. Together, this study allowed us identify living our work providing a cross-ecosystem perspective on factors structuring likely functioning.

Language: Английский

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Protist communities are more sensitive to nitrogen fertilization than other microorganisms in diverse agricultural soils

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Feb. 27, 2019

Agricultural food production is at the base of and fodder, with fertilization having fundamentally continuously increased crop yield over last decades. The performance crops intimately tied to their microbiome as they together form holobionts. importance for plant is, however, notoriously ignored in agricultural systems disconnects dependency plants often plant-beneficial microbial processes. Moreover, we lack a holistic understanding how regimes affect soil microbiome. Here, examined effect 2-year regime (no nitrogen control, fertilization, plus straw amendment) on entire microbiomes (bacteria, fungi, protist) three common types cropped maize two seasons.We found that application fertilizers more strongly affected protist than bacterial fungal communities. Nitrogen indirectly reduced diversity through changing abiotic properties communities which differed between sampling seasons. fertilizer amendment had greater effects physicochemical addition alone. even straw, network complexity, suggesting tightened interactions.Together, our results suggest protists are most susceptible component fertilizers. As also exhibit strongest seasonal dynamics, serve sensitive bioindicators changes. Changes might have long-term if some key hubs govern complexities top predators altered. This study serves stepping stone promote promising agents targeted engineering help reducing exogenous unsustainably high pesticide applications.

Language: Английский

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Trophic Regulations of the Soil Microbiome

Trends in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 27(9), P. 771 - 780

Published: May 25, 2019

Language: Английский

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Microplastics in the soil environment: A critical review

Environmental Technology & Innovation, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27, P. 102408 - 102408

Published: Feb. 12, 2022

Environmental pollution of microplastics (MPs) is known to be anthropogenically mediated menace biosphere and becoming a debatable concern globally. Large quantities plastic fragments are left behind after crop cultivation. The leftover debris, gradually degrade into minute with diameter less than 5 mm, as MPs. MPs responsible for many changes in the soil physicochemical characteristics, including porosity, enzymatic activities, microbial plant growth, yield. Because their ubiquitous nature, high specific surface area strong hydrophobicity, play an important role transportation toxic chemicals such plasticisers, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), antibiotics, potentially elements (PTEs). may transported deep can pollute underground water. This review paper investigates deleterious effects on environment, microbes, flora, fauna production, highlights general concept contamination well its possible environmental consequences. also converses some key areas future research stakeholders concerned policymaking

Language: Английский

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Protists: Puppet Masters of the Rhizosphere Microbiome

Trends in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 165 - 176

Published: Nov. 13, 2018

Language: Английский

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Rhizosphere protists are key determinants of plant health

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: March 3, 2020

Abstract Background Plant health is intimately influenced by the rhizosphere microbiome, a complex assembly of organisms that changes markedly across plant growth. However, most microbiome research has focused on fractions this particularly bacteria and fungi. It remains unknown how other microbial components, especially key predators—protists—are linked to health. Here, we investigated holistic including bacteria, eukaryotes (fungi protists), as well functional metabolism genes. We these communities genes throughout growth tomato plants either developed disease symptoms or remained healthy under field conditions. Results found pathogen dynamics best predicted protists. More specifically, microbial-feeding phagotrophic protists differed between later diseased at establishment. The relative abundance phagotrophs negatively correlated with growth, suggesting predator-prey interactions influence performance. Furthermore, likely shifted bacterial functioning enhancing pathogen-suppressing secondary metabolite involved in mitigating success. Conclusions illustrate importance top-down controllers propose perspective, protists, provides optimal next step predicting

Language: Английский

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Feeding habits and multifunctional classification of soil‐associated consumers from protists to vertebrates

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 97(3), P. 1057 - 1117

Published: Jan. 20, 2022

Soil organisms drive major ecosystem functions by mineralising carbon and releasing nutrients during decomposition processes, which supports plant growth, aboveground biodiversity and, ultimately, human nutrition. ecologists often operate with functional groups to infer the effects of individual taxa on services. Simultaneous assessment roles multiple is possible using food-web reconstructions, but our knowledge feeding habits many insufficient based limited evidence. Over last two decades, molecular, biochemical isotopic tools have improved understanding various soil organisms, yet this still be synthesised into a common framework. Here, we provide comprehensive review consumers in soil, including protists, micro-, meso- macrofauna (invertebrates), soil-associated vertebrates. We integrated existing group classifications findings gained novel methods compiled an overarching classification across focusing key universal traits such as food resource preferences, body masses, microhabitat specialisation, protection hunting mechanisms. Our summary highlights strands evidence that commonly used ecology models are types resources. In cases, omnivory observed down species level taxonomic resolution, challenging realism traditional distinct resource-based energy channels. Novel methods, stable isotope, fatty acid DNA gut content analyses, revealed previously hidden facets trophic relationships consumers, assimilation, multichannel levels, niche differentiation importance alternative food/prey, well transfers compartments. Wider adoption development open interoperable platforms assemble morphological, ecological data will enable refinement expansion multifunctional soil. The serve reference for working changes biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships, making research more accessible reproducible.

Language: Английский

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