A conserved bacterial genetic basis for commensal-host specificity

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 386(6726), P. 1117 - 1122

Published: Dec. 5, 2024

Animals selectively acquire specific symbiotic gut bacteria from their environments that aid host fitness. To colonize, a symbiont must locate its niche and sustain growth within the gut. Adhesins are bacterial cell surface proteins facilitate attachment to tissues often virulence factors for opportunistic pathogens. However, attachments transient nonspecific, additional mechanisms required infection. In this work, we use live imaging of individual cells colonizing living Drosophila melanogaster show Lactiplantibacillus plantarum specifically recognizes fruit fly foregut as distinct physical niche. L. establishes stably through host-specific adhesins encoded by genes carried on colonization island. The adhesin binding domains conserved throughout Lactobacillales, island also encodes secretion system widely among commensal pathogenic bacteria.

Language: Английский

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Covariation Between Microbiome Composition and Host Transcriptome in the Gut of Wild Drosophila melanogaster: A Re‐Analysis

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Gut microbiota are fundamental for healthy animal function, but the evidence that host function can be predicted from taxonomy remains equivocal, and natural populations remain understudied compared to laboratory animals. Paired analyses of covariation in parameters powerful approaches characterise host–microbiome relationships mechanistically, especially wild animals also lab models, enabling insight into ecological basis at molecular cellular levels. The fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster is a preeminent model organism, amenable field investigation by ‘omic analyses. Previous work male D. guts analysed paired measurements (A) bacterial diversity abundance, measured 16S amplicon sequencing; (B) gut transcriptome, no signature was detected. Here, we re‐analyse those data comprehensively. We find orthogonal axes microbial genera, which correspond differential expression genes. differentially expressed gene sets were enriched functions including protein translation, mitochondrial respiration, immunity reproduction. Each set had distinct functional signature, suggesting flies exhibit range variation, microbiome variation. These findings lay foundation better connect ecology genetics leading host‐microbiome model.

Language: Английский

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Machine learning to predict gut microbiomes of agricultural pests

Neural Computing and Applications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Wolbachia improves the performance of an invasive fly after a diet shift

Journal of Pest Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 97(4), P. 2087 - 2099

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

Language: Английский

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Humidity determines penetrance of a latitudinal gradient in genetic selection on the microbiota byDrosophila melanogaster

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 3, 2024

Abstract The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a model for understanding how hosts and their microbial partners interact as the host adapts to wild environments. These interactions are readily interrogated because of low taxonomic numeric complexity flies’ bacterial communities. Previous work has established that genotype, environment, diet, interspecies can all influence fitness microbiota composition, but specific processes characters mediating these incompletely understood. Here, we compared variation in composition between wild-derived populations when flies could choose microorganisms diets were reared under environmental perturbation (different humidities). We also colonization resident transient microorganisms. show ability diet condition relative abundance microbiota. There key differences abundances However, only differed at humidities or above 50% humidity. elevated humidity determined penetrance gradient genetic selection on associated with latitude collected from. Finally, treatment-dependent stress survival. Together, findings emphasize animal be patterned source geography, such potential survival wild. Importance adapt Our what causes geographic remains incomplete. shown D. relatively numerical complexity. Variation attributed variation, location flies. In this explored three possible composition. feeding choices, niche colonized by bacteria, single character contribute latitudinally-patterned observed humidities. results identify several factors genotypes interplay determining hosts.

Language: Английский

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Causal relationship between the composition of the Gut Microbiota and central precocious puberty: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Frontiers in Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Nov. 14, 2024

Background Previous observational research has demonstrated a possible association between the gut microbiota (GM) and central precocious puberty (CPP). Nevertheless, whether there is causal relationship GM CPP uncertain due to possibility of confounding factors influencing result. Methods We collected summary data from genome-wide studies (MiBioGen, n = 18,340) (FinnGen Consortium, 185 case groups 395,289 controls). Most participants were European origin. Mendelian randomization analysis was utilized investigate using inverse-variance weighted average technique, median, Egger. The reliability results evaluated leave-one-out test sensitivity analyses, including heterogeneity horizontal pleiotropy testing . Results According substantial correlation composition GM. Specifically, relative abundance genus Bacteroides (OR 0.222, 95% CI 0.06–0.822, P 0.024) Alistipes 0.197, 0.056–0.697, 0.012), others, showed significant associations. Furthermore, associations with phylum Euryarchaeota , orders Gastranaerophilales Rhodospirillales families Bacteroidaceae Desulfovibrionaceae also observed. Sensitivity analyses generated positive for implying that this reliable reduces risk CPP. Conclusions may have effect on present finding be protective against expected offer novel insights into management

Language: Английский

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Effects of earthworm hydrolysate in production performance, serum biochemical parameters, antioxidant capacity and intestinal function of Muscovy ducks

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 102(3), P. 102409 - 102409

Published: Dec. 9, 2022

Earthworm has a variety of molecular biological characteristic, for example, growth promotion, antioxidant, and anti-bacteria. Thus, we decomposed earthworm by earthworm's own protease preparing hydrolysate. Muscovy ducks were fed with basal diet that formulated to contain 1.5% 2.5% Then, investigated the influences hydrolysate on performance in terminology measurement poultry (NY/T 823-2020). The morphology duodenum number intraepithelial lymphocytes tested HE staining immunohistochemical method. Serum biochemical parameters antioxidant capacity also determined. High-throughput sequencing technology can sequence 16S rDNA cecal contents from experimental ducks. Results showed increased ADG (16-70 days old), ALB, HDL-C, T-AOC, CAT, SOD, GSH-PX, villi length, intestine thickness surface area (P < 0.05 or P 0.01), reduced FCR UREA, CRE, LDL-C, MDA 0.01). Meanwhile, improved abdominal fat yield, breast muscle heart index, spleen ALP, UA, crypt depth, thickness, villi, percentage decreased (42-70 old 16-70 results gut flora demonstrated V4 immensely. In word, our provide foundation preliminary researching potential principles promoting production performance, adjusting function intestinal functions duck industry.

Language: Английский

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Wolbachia improves the performance of an invasive fly after a diet shift

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 2, 2023

Abstract Polyphagy is an adaptative strategy allowing species to develop and survive on multiple diets. Phytophagous insects can be exposed sub-optimal resources, as host plants vary in nutritional quality. Some may rely symbiotic bacteria better utilize less favorable substrates. The invasive fruit fly Drosophila suzukii a highly successful pest worldwide. use of ripening ripe fruits, niche neglected by other drosophilids, its polyphagy have contributed global spread. role D. ’s Wolbachia strain ( w Suz) remains unconfirmed, although mutualistic dealing with abiotic stress has been hypothesized. In some insect species, acts mutualist. This study explored the Suz adaptation fluctuating diet regimes. To simulate shift, we used -infected uninfected flies, maintained corn-based (low-starch) or grape-based (high-starch) for at least 10 generations. Then, placed individuals from each line one 30 days. effects treatments were assessed quantifying female fecundity, egg-to-adult development time survival, offspring mass. presence positively affected fecundity mass after shift. also increased survival during larval regardless diet, supporting role. Our results underline tolerance performance. A understanding symbionts could help improve management strategies.

Language: Английский

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Machine Learning to Predict Gut Microbiomes of Agricultural Pests

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 12, 2024

Abstract Context While current efforts to control agricultural insect pests largely focus on the widespread use of insecticides, predicting microbiome composition can provide important data for creating more efficient and long-lasting pest methods by analysing pest’s food-digesting capacity resistance bacteria or viruses. Aims Instead using computationally expensive techniques, we aim investigate dynamics these compositions metagenomic samples taken from fruit flies. Methods In this paper, propose three machine learning-based biological models. Firstly, intrafamilial successor prediction , which predicts relative abundance each bacterial family past four generations. Next, our interfamilial quantitative where model amount a given in sample all other present sample. Lastly. qualitative within binary information families. Key Results All models were tested against Least Angle Regression, Random Forest, Elastic-Net, Lasso. The third approach exhibits promising results applying Forest with lowest mean Coefficient Variance 1.25. Conclusion overall study highlight how complex dynamic systems are demonstrate that characterise them quickly.

Language: Английский

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Orthogonal axes of microbiome variation associated with functionally distinct transcriptomic signatures in the gut of wildDrosophila melanogaster

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 28, 2023

Abstract Gut microbiota are fundamental for healthy animal function, but the evidence that host function can be predicted from taxonomy remains equivocal, and natural populations remain understudied compared to laboratory animals. Paired analyses of covariation in parameters powerful approaches characterise host-microbiome relationships mechanistically, especially wild animals also lab models, enabling insight into ecological basis at a molecular cellular level. The fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster is preeminent model organism, amenable field investigation by’omic analyses. Here we present an analysis male D. , with paired measurements (A) bacterial diversity abundance, measured by 16S amplicon sequencing; (B) gut transcriptome. We found orthogonal axes microbial genera, which correspond differential expression genes. differentially-expressed gene sets were enriched functions including protein translation, mitochondrial respiration, immunity reproduction. Each set had distinct functional signature, suggesting flies exhibit range variation, microbiome variation. These findings strengthen bridge between ecology genetics leading model.

Language: Английский

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