Pathogen threat proximity shapes host extracellular vesicle production in pre-infection response DOI Creative Commons
Klaudia Kołodziejska, A.A. Szczepańska, Nathalie Pujol

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 19, 2024

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in immune responses, yet it remains unclear whether pathogen metabolites alone can stimulate EV production prior to infection. Using Caenorhabditis elegans , we investigate this question through the lens of exophers – large, evolutionarily conserved EVs known enhance proteostasis, extend lifespan, and improve reproductive fitness. Our study uncovers distinct regulatory mechanisms driving response pathogen-derived volatile non-volatile metabolites, providing insights into host-pathogen signaling before physical interaction. We reveal sophisticated network that adjusts based on proximity: an immediate threat, activate immune-dependent pathways, while forewarning potential danger, initiate immunity-independent exopher production. Both responses rely sensory neurons, with ASK, ADL, AWC neurons playing central roles each, additional input from ASI, AWB, ASH specifically enhancing non-volatile-induced Multiple GPCRs, including SRI-19, SRI-36, SRI-39, SRR-6, are for response, signal integration mediated by AIB interneuron NPR-9 receptor both responses. Notably, volatile-induced enhances offspring survival against pathogens but compromises maternal survival. Thus, our shows C. distinguishes proximity metabolite types, activating EV-dependent physiological tailored either or anticipated threats optimize across generations.

Language: Английский

Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles: emerging players in hemostasis and thrombosis DOI

Aziz Kubaev,

Fadhil Faez Sead, Mohammad Pirouzbakht

et al.

Journal of Liposome Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 11

Published: April 25, 2025

Platelets, long recognized for their role in hemostasis and thrombosis, have emerged as key players a wide array of physiological pathological processes through the release platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs). These nanoscale vesicles, rich bioactive molecules such proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, facilitate intercellular communication influence ranging from angiogenesis inflammation to immune modulation tissue repair. PEVs, most abundant circulation, display procoagulant activity 50-100 times greater than activated platelets, underscoring pivotal thrombosis. Recent research has unveiled dual health disease, highlighting potential diagnostic biomarkers therapeutic vehicles. PEVs are implicated cancer progression, autoimmune diseases, infectious where they modulate tumor microenvironments, responses, inflammatory pathways. Moreover, ability deliver agents with high specificity biocompatibility positions them promising tools regenerative medicine, drug delivery, targeted therapies. This review comprehensively explores PEV biogenesis, cargo composition, multifaceted roles well broader implications disease. It also markers innovative strategies, offering insights into application treating thrombotic disorders, cancer, diseases. Despite significant advancements, challenges remain standardizing isolation protocols translating preclinical findings clinical applications. Unlocking full promises revolutionize diagnostics therapeutics, paving way novel approaches managing complex

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Hookworm genes encoding intestinal excreted-secreted proteins are transcriptionally upregulated in response to the host's immune system DOI Creative Commons
Erich M. Schwarz, Jason Noon,

Jeffrey Chicca

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Abstract Hookworms are intestinal parasitic nematodes that chronically infect ∼500 million people, with reinfection common even after clearance by drugs. How infecting hookworms successfully overcome host protective mechanisms is unclear, but it may involve hookworm proteins digest tissues, or counteract the host’s immune system, both. To find such in zoonotic Ancylostoma ceylanicum , we identified genes encoding excreted-secreted (ES) proteins, preferentially expressed intestine, and whose transcription stimulated system. We collected ES from adult harvested hamsters; mass spectrometry 565 A. proteins. also used RNA-seq to identify both young adults (12 days post-infection) non-intestinal tissues dissected mature (19 post-infection), hamster hosts either had normal systems were immunosuppressed dexamethasone. In observed 1,670 1,196 intestine- non-intestine-biased expression, respectively. Comparing gene activity versus hosts, almost no changes of 12-day 19-day tissues. However, 1,951 positively immunoregulated (upregulated at least two-fold hosts), 137 negatively immunoregulated. Thus, immunoregulation was primarily intestine directly exposed blood; include activated response system order neutralize 153 showing positive intestine; these genes, 69 homologs closely related caninum 24 human Necator americanus more distantly strongylid parasite Haemonchus contortus . Such a mixture rapidly evolving conserved could comprise virulence factors enabling infection, provide new targets for drugs vaccines against hookworm, aid developing therapies autoimmune diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Polycystins recruit cargo to distinct ciliary extracellular vesicle subtypes in C. elegans DOI Creative Commons
Inna A. Nikonorova,

Elizabeth desRanleau,

Katherine C. Jacobs

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: April 3, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer Immunotherapy: Therapeutic, Challenges and Clinical Progress DOI Creative Commons
Hamed Manoochehri,

Anita Silas La’ah,

Ali Babaeizad

et al.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101065 - 101065

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Pathogen threat proximity shapes host extracellular vesicle production in pre-infection response DOI Creative Commons
Klaudia Kołodziejska, A.A. Szczepańska, Nathalie Pujol

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 19, 2024

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in immune responses, yet it remains unclear whether pathogen metabolites alone can stimulate EV production prior to infection. Using Caenorhabditis elegans , we investigate this question through the lens of exophers – large, evolutionarily conserved EVs known enhance proteostasis, extend lifespan, and improve reproductive fitness. Our study uncovers distinct regulatory mechanisms driving response pathogen-derived volatile non-volatile metabolites, providing insights into host-pathogen signaling before physical interaction. We reveal sophisticated network that adjusts based on proximity: an immediate threat, activate immune-dependent pathways, while forewarning potential danger, initiate immunity-independent exopher production. Both responses rely sensory neurons, with ASK, ADL, AWC neurons playing central roles each, additional input from ASI, AWB, ASH specifically enhancing non-volatile-induced Multiple GPCRs, including SRI-19, SRI-36, SRI-39, SRR-6, are for response, signal integration mediated by AIB interneuron NPR-9 receptor both responses. Notably, volatile-induced enhances offspring survival against pathogens but compromises maternal survival. Thus, our shows C. distinguishes proximity metabolite types, activating EV-dependent physiological tailored either or anticipated threats optimize across generations.

Language: Английский

Citations

0