Understanding Local Adaptation to Prepare Populations for Climate Change

BioScience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 73(1), P. 36 - 47

Published: Nov. 30, 2022

Abstract Adaptation within species to local environments is widespread in nature. Better understanding this adaptation critical conserving biodiversity. However, conservation practices can rely on species’ trait averages or broadly assume homogeneity across the range inform management. Recent methodological advances for studying provide opportunity fine-tune efforts managing and species. The implementation of these will allow us better identify populations at greatest risk decline because climate change, as well highlighting possible strategies improving likelihood population persistence amid change. In present article, we review recent study highlight ways tools be applied efforts. Cutting-edge are available help characterize adaptation. Indeed, increased incorporation management decisions may meet imminent demands a rapidly changing world.

Language: Английский

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Where to now with the evolutionarily significant unit?

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38(12), P. 1134 - 1142

Published: Aug. 16, 2023

The designation of units for conservation has been a necessary but challenging objective since efforts began. Most species are divided, typically by environment, into populations with independent evolutionary trajectories. There practical objectives defining these boundaries. Separate genetic clusters provide future potential as environments change, and individuals in isolated may lose fitness when population size is reduced. history the effort to define briefly reviewed here, I focus on finding process that facilitate uniform effective application at time urgency great. propose refinement designated unit concept, distinguishing between (CUs) evolutionarily sustaining (ESCUs).

Language: Английский

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Salmon hatchery strays can demographically boost wild populations at the cost of diversity: quantitative genetic modelling of Alaska pink salmon

Royal Society Open Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

Hatcheries are vital to many salmon fisheries, with inherent risks and rewards. While hatcheries can increase the returns of adult fish, demographic evolutionary consequences for natural populations interacting hatchery fish on spawning grounds remain unclear. This study examined impacts stray hatchery-origin pink population productivity resilience. We explored temporal assortative mating dynamics using a quantitative genetic model that assumed only difference between hatchery- natural-origin adults was their return timing grounds. parameterized empirical data from an intensive multi-generational hatchery-wild interactions in world's largest fisheries enhancement program located Prince William Sound, Alaska. Across scenarios increasing presence grounds, our findings underscore trade-off preservation diversity. bolstered sizes towards local carrying capacities, introgression reduced variation by up 20%. Results indicated alleles rapidly assimilate into populations, despite fitness attributable phenotypic mismatches. These elucidate potential long-term arising specific interactions, emphasizing need management strategies balance conservation

Language: Английский

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Whole genome resequencing identifies local adaptation associated with environmental variation for redband trout

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(4), P. 800 - 818

Published: Dec. 7, 2022

Abstract Aquatic ectotherms are predicted to harbour genomic signals of local adaptation resulting from selective pressures driven by the strong influence climate conditions on body temperature. We investigated in redband trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri ) using genome scans for 547 samples 11 populations across a wide range habitats and thermal gradients interior Columbia River. estimated allele frequencies millions single nucleotide polymorphism loci (SNPs) low‐coverage whole resequencing, used population structure outlier analyses identify regions under divergent selection between populations. Twelve showed signatures adaptation, including two associated with genes known migration developmental timing salmonids GREB1L , ROCK1 SIX6 ). Genotype–environment association indicated that diurnal temperature variation was driver primarily divergence northern extreme subspecies range. also found evidence adaptive differences high‐elevation desert vs. montane at smaller geographical scale. Finally, we vulnerability future change ecological niche modelling genetic offset scenarios. These substantial habitat loss shifts necessary habitats, greatest Our results provide new insight into complexity salmonids, important predictions regarding responses change.

Language: Английский

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Temporal allele frequency changes in large‐effect loci reveal potential fishing impacts on salmon life‐history diversity

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Fishing has the potential to influence life‐history traits of exploited populations. However, our understanding how fisheries can induce evolutionary genetic changes remains incomplete. The discovery large‐effect loci linked with ecologically important traits, such as age at maturity in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ), provides an opportunity study impacts temporally varying fishing pressures on these traits. A 93‐year archive fish scales from wild catches northern Baltic Sea region allowed us monitor variation adaptive diversity dataset consisted samples both commercial and recreational that target their spawning migration. Using a genotyping‐by‐sequencing approach (GT‐seq), we discovered strong within‐season allele frequency vgll3 locus maturity: early season preferentially targeted variant older maturation. We also found temporal catch proportions different subpopulations. Therefore, selective harvesting may vary depending seasonal timing fishing, which cause key diversity. This knowledge be used guide management reduce effects practices Thus, this tangible example using genomic approaches infer, help mitigate human adaptively nature.

Language: Английский

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Multifaceted framework for defining conservation units: An example from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in Canada

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(9), P. 1568 - 1585

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Conservation units represent important components of intraspecific diversity that can aid in prioritizing and protecting at-risk populations, while also safeguarding unique contribute to species resilience. In Canada, identification assessments conservation is done by the Committee on Status Endangered Wildlife Canada (COSEWIC). COSEWIC recognize below level (termed "designatable units"; DUs) if unit has attributes make it both discrete evolutionarily significant. There are various ways which a DU meet criteria discreteness significance, increasing access "big data" providing unprecedented information directly inform criteria. Specifically, incorporation genomic data for an number non-model informing more assessments; thus, repeatable, robust framework needed integrating these into characterization. Here, we develop uses multifaceted, weight evidence approach incorporate multiple types, including genetic data, DUs. We apply this delineate DUs Atlantic salmon (

Language: Английский

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Genetic parentage reveals the (un)natural history of Central Valley hatchery steelhead

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Populations composed of individuals descended from multiple distinct genetic lineages often feature significant differences in phenotypic frequencies. We considered hatchery production steelhead, the migratory anadromous form salmonid species

Language: Английский

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Post‐glacial recolonization and multiple scales of secondary contact contribute to contemporary Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) genomic variation in North America

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(9), P. 1767 - 1782

Published: April 24, 2024

Abstract Aim In northern environments, periods of isolation during Pleistocene glaciations and subsequent recolonization secondary contact have had a significant influence on contemporary diversity many species. The recent advent high‐resolution genomic analyses allows unprecedented power to resolve signatures such events in Here, we provide the highest resolution characterization Atlantic salmon North America date infer glacial refugia geographic scales post‐glacial contact. Location America. Taxon salmon, Salmo salar . Methods Samples were collected for 5455 individuals from 148 populations, encompassing majority salmon's native range America, Labrador Maine. Individuals genotyped using 220K single nucleotide polymorphism array aligned ( ) genome. Spatial genetic structure (principal component analysis, k ‐means clustering, admixture) was evaluated conjunction with comparisons these identified lineages last maximum regions following recolonization. Results three phylogeographic groups, consistent northward two southern (a western Maritime lineage an eastern Newfoundland lineage), differentiation into separate groups. Secondary among American groups observed within Gulf St. Lawrence, evidence trans‐Atlantic detected lineage. Comparison insular those mainland suggests displaying high characterized by elevated European admixture, suggesting possible role population divergence. Main Conclusions These findings present first that extant populations has resulted allopatric followed both regional demonstrate tools historical drivers wild populations.

Language: Английский

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Remnant salmon life history diversity rediscovered in a highly compressed habitat

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

Abstract Chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ) display remarkable life history diversity, underpinning their ability to adapt environmental change. Maintaining diversity is vital the resilience and stability of metapopulations, particularly under changing climates. However, conditions that promote are rapidly disappearing, as anthropogenic forces homogenization habitats genetic lineages. In this study, we use highly modified Yuba River in California understand if distinct lineages histories still exist, despite reductions spawning habitat hatchery practices have promoted introgression. There currently a concerted effort protect federally listed Central Valley spring‐run populations, given few wild populations exist. Despite this, lack comprehensive understanding present River. To collected migration timing data GREB1L genotypes from hook‐and‐line, acoustic tagging, carcass surveys between 2009 2011. Variation region genome tightly linked with run throughout range, but relationship variation entry on grounds little explored California's Valley. We found date crossed lowest barrier (Daguerre Point Dam) was correlated genotype. Importantly, our study confirms ESA‐listed River, promoting portfolio compressed habitat. This work highlights need identify especially heavily impacted systems, maintain healthy metapopulations. Without protection, risk losing last vestiges important variation.

Language: Английский

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Phenotypic Sorting of Pink Salmon Hatchery Strays May Alleviate Adverse Impacts of Reduced Variation in Fitness‐Associated Traits

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Maladapted immigrants may reduce wild population productivity and resilience, depending on the degree of fitness mismatch between dispersers locals. Thus, domesticated individuals escaping into populations is a key conservation concern. In Prince William Sound, Alaska, over 700 million pink salmon ( Oncorhynchus gorbuscha ) are released annually from hatcheries, providing natural experiment to characterize mechanisms underlying impacts populations. Using dataset > 200,000 sampled 30 8 years, we detected significant body size phenological differences hatchery‐ wild‐origin spawners, likely driven by competitive during maturation broodstock selection practices. Variation in traits was reduced hatchery fish, raising biodiversity concerns. However, phenotypic locals were positively correlated. We discuss possible that explain this pattern how it adverse associated with trait variation. This study suggests domestication widespread, but local adaptation be maintained sorting.

Language: Английский

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