From microcosm to macrocosm: adaptive radiation of Darwin’s finches

Evolutionary Journal of the Linnean Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract In this Perspective we show the value of studying living organisms in field to understand their history. Darwin’s finches are an iconic example early stages speciation a young adaptive radiation that produced 18 species little more than million years. The question they pose is how and why so many originated diversified rapidly. A long-term study four on small island Daphne Major, combined with genomic investigations, provide some answers terms extrinsic intrinsic factors. Beak size shape, as well body size, key heritable features involved both ecological reproductive isolation, evolution by natural selection was caused competitor during prolonged droughts. Introgressive hybridization related rare but recurring, apparently widespread, increases genetic variation, does not incur fitness cost. Hybridization can produce new species. We use phylogeny based whole genome sequences infer morphological transitions radiation. Several lines evidence indicate missing from phase due extinction. Combining these results, re-cast classical allopatry-then-sympatry theory competition-selection-hybridization process generates diversity

Language: Английский

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Parallel evolution of integrated craniofacial traits in trophic specialist pupfishes

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

Abstract Populations may adapt to similar environments via parallel or non‐parallel genetic changes, but the frequency of these alternative mechanisms and underlying contributing factors are still poorly understood outside model systems. We used QTL mapping investigate basis highly divergent craniofacial traits between scale‐eater ( Cyprinodon desquamator ) molluscivore C. brontotheroides pupfish adapting two different hypersaline lake on San Salvador Island, Bahamas. lab‐reared F2 x intercrosses from populations, estimated linkage maps, scanned for significant 29 skeletal traits, female mate preference, sex. compared location lakes quantify changes. detected six in at least one lake. However, nearly all shared loci were associated with a trait within each Therefore, our estimate evolution architecture could range out identical (low parallelism) five integrated (high parallelism). suggest that pleiotropy integration can affect estimates evolution, particularly rapid radiations. also observed increased adaptive introgression regions, suggesting gene flow contributed evolution. Overall, results same genomic regions contribute adaptation across suites rather than specific highlight need more expansive definition

Language: Английский

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Biased Hybridization and Its Impact on Adaptive Introgression

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 36(6), P. 488 - 497

Published: March 20, 2021

Language: Английский

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The genomic revolution and species delimitation in birds (and other organisms): Why phenotypes should not be overlooked

Ornithology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 138(2)

Published: March 1, 2021

Abstract Given the availability of genomic data to identify separately evolving groups organisms, many researchers establish species limits based on assessments extent gene flow among populations and often use analytical approaches in which is explicitly disallowed. Strictly considering lack of—or limited—gene as main or only criterion delimit involves two complications practice. First, used analyze genome-wide cannot by themselves distinguish from within-species population structure, particularly allopatric organisms. Second, recognizing those lineages one can using such fails embrace role other evolutionary forces (i.e. various forms selection) defining lineages. Using examples birds, we call for importance additional delimitation explain why commonly taxonomic studies may be insufficient properly uncover limits. By processes that structure genotypic phenotypic variation during speciation, argue rigorous analyses remain crucial genomics era because phenotypes uniquely inform us about selection maintaining cohesion Evolutionary theory describing roles flow, genetic drift natural sexual origin maintenance calls an integration with phenomics avian delimitation.

Language: Английский

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Sequential colonization of oceanic archipelagos led to a species-level radiation in the common chaffinch complex (Aves: Fringilla coelebs)

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 164, P. 107291 - 107291

Published: Aug. 9, 2021

Oceanic archipelagos are excellent systems for studying speciation, yet inference of evolutionary process requires that the colonization history island organisms be known with accuracy. Here, we used phylogenomics and patterns genetic diversity to infer sequence timing Macaronesia by mainland common chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs), assessed whether different has resulted in a species-level radiation. To reconstruct complex generated molecular phylogeny based on genome-wide SNP loci obtained from genotyping-by-sequencing, ran ancestral range biogeographic analyses, fine-scale structure between within using admixture analysis. test radiation, applied probabilistic tree-based species delimitation method (mPTP) an integrative taxonomy approach including phenotypic differences. Results revealed circuitous pathway Macaronesia, Azores, followed Madeira, finally Canary Islands. The Azores showed surprisingly high diversity, similar found mainland, other expected sequential loss diversity. Species methods supported existence several complex. We conclude chaffinch underwent rapid radiation across was driven archipelagos, resulting phenotypically genetically distinct, independent lineages. recommend taxonomic revision takes into account its

Language: Английский

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