Cancers,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(1), P. 76 - 76
Published: Dec. 29, 2024
Cancer
immunotherapy,
particularly
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors,
has
positively
impacted
oncological
treatments.
Despite
its
effectiveness,
immunotherapy
is
associated
with
immune-related
adverse
events
(irAEs)
that
can
affect
any
organ,
including
the
liver.
Hepatotoxicity
primarily
manifests
as
hepatitis
and,
less
frequently,
cholangitis.
Several
risk
factors,
such
pre-existing
autoimmune
and
liver
diseases,
type
of
combination
regimens,
play
a
role
in
hepatotoxicity
(irH),
although
reliable
predictive
markers
or
models
are
still
lacking.
The
severity
irH
ranges
from
mild
to
severe
cases,
up
to,
rare
instances,
acute
failure.
Management
strategies
require
regular
monitoring
for
early
diagnosis
interventions,
encompassing
strict
cases
permanent
suspension
forms.
Corticosteroids
backbone
treatment
moderate
high-grade
damage,
alone
additional
immunosuppressive
drugs
resistant
refractory
cases.
Given
relatively
low
number
lack
dedicated
prospective
studies,
much
uncertainty
remains
about
optimal
management
irH,
especially
most
This
review
presents
main
features
focusing
on
injury
patterns
mechanisms,
provides
an
overview
landscape,
standard
care
latest
evidence.
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Aug. 25, 2024
There
is
no
consensus
on
the
optimal
treatment
for
patients
with
locoregional
recurrence
of
esophageal
cancer
after
surgery.
The
objective
this
study
was
to
investigate
outcomes
and
prognostic
factors
associated
salvage
radiotherapy
in
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Nov. 16, 2024
Immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
have
revolutionized
cancer
treatment,
but
they
are
associated
with
a
range
of
immune-related
adverse
events
(irAEs),
and
emerging
evidence
suggests
significant
sex
differences
in
the
incidence,
type,
severity
these
toxicities,
suggesting
an
influential
factor
understanding
sex-related
irAEs
as
crucial
for
optimizing
patient
care
improving
clinical
outcomes.
In
MOUSEION-07
study,
we
aimed
to
assess
association
between
treatment-related
patients
treated
immunotherapy
through
large
up-to-date
meta-analysis
available
trials.
The
present
systematic
review
was
performed
according
Preferred
Reporting
Items
Systematic
Reviews
Meta-analysis.
protocol
registered
PROSPERO
no.
CRD42024549518.
Sixteen
studies
encompassing
total
4658
were
included,
2133
effects
highlighted.
analysis
observed
not
statistically
difference
terms
(irAEs)
males
females
(Odds
Ratio
1.19;
CI
0.88–1.63)
revealed
presence
publication
bias
(β
=
−2.53;
95%
[−4.03;
−1.04];
P
0.006).
Sex
immunotherapy-related
necessitating
personalized
approach
care.
Further
research
is
needed
fully
understand
mechanisms
driving
develop
optimized
strategies
monitoring
managing
both
males.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Dec. 24, 2024
Background
The
occurrence
of
immune-related
adverse
events
(irAEs)
seemed
to
be
associated
with
better
outcomes
in
advanced
gastric
cancer
(AGC)
patients.
However,
research
focusing
on
the
impact
single-organ
irAE
(uni-irAE)
or
multi-organ
irAEs
(multi-irAEs)
AGC
outcome
is
relatively
limited.
In
this
study,
we
investigated
individually
different
survival
as
well
co-occurrence
patterns
multi-irAEs.
Methods
uni-irAE,
multi-irAEs,
and
non-irAE
were
identified
based
National
Comprehensive
Cancer
Network
(NCCN)
guidelines.
ICI
efficacy
for
disease
control
rate
(DCR)
objective
response
(ORR)
was
assessed
Response
Evaluation
Criteria
Solid
Tumors
(RECIST)
Version
1.1.
association
progression-free
(PFS)
overall
(OS)
analyzed
using
Kaplan–Meier
method
Cox
regression
model.
We
also
performed
pairwise
correlation
analysis
identify
irAEs.
Results
A
total
288
patients
including
175
non-irAE,
73
40
multi-irAE
evaluated
their
outcome.
displayed
higher
DCR
(78.8%
vs.
67.4%,
p
=0.037)
when
compared
those
patients,
both
uni-irAE
(82.2%
=0.019)
(72.5%
=0.534)
showed
than
that
multivariate
analyses
revealed
multi-irAEs
an
independent
risk
factor
PFS
(hazard
ratio
[HR]
0.63,
95%
confidence
interval
[CI]
0.41~0.96,
=0.031)
OS
(HR
0.47,
CI
0.29~0.76,
=0.002),
whereas
not
obtained.
thyroid,
adrenal
gland,
heart,
skin,
lung
exhibited
a
high
organ-specific
experiencing
skin
had
favorable
without
these
Conclusion
Multi-irAEs
some
can
used
predictive
indicators
treatment
are
often
accompanied
by
occurrence.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
26(1), P. 88 - 88
Published: Dec. 26, 2024
Immunotherapy,
particularly
that
based
on
blocking
checkpoint
proteins
in
many
tumors,
including
melanoma,
Merkel
cell
carcinoma,
non-small
lung
cancer
(NSCLC),
triple-negative
breast
(TNB
cancer),
renal
cancer,
and
gastrointestinal
endometrial
neoplasms,
is
a
therapeutic
alternative
to
chemotherapy.
Immune
inhibitor
(ICI)-based
therapies
have
the
potential
target
different
pathways
leading
destruction
of
cells.
Although
ICIs
are
an
effective
treatment
strategy
for
patients
with
highly
immune-infiltrated
cancers,
development
adverse
effects
cutaneous
during
after
common.
ICI-associated
include
mostly
inflammatory
bullous
dermatoses,
as
well
severe
side
reactions
such
rash
or
dermatitis
encompassing
erythema
multiforme;
lichenoid,
eczematous,
psoriasiform,
morbilliform
lesions;
palmoplantar
erythrodysesthesia.
The
immunotherapy-related
consequence
ICIs’
unique
molecular
action
mainly
mediated
by
activation
cytotoxic
CD4+/CD8+
T
disorders
most
prevalent
induced
response
anti-programmed
death
1
(PD-1),
anti-cytotoxic
T-lymphocyte-associated
antigen-4
(CTLA-4),
ligand
(PD-L1)
agents.
Herein,
we
will
elucidate
mechanisms
regulating
occurrence
following
ICIs.
Cancers,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(1), P. 76 - 76
Published: Dec. 29, 2024
Cancer
immunotherapy,
particularly
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors,
has
positively
impacted
oncological
treatments.
Despite
its
effectiveness,
immunotherapy
is
associated
with
immune-related
adverse
events
(irAEs)
that
can
affect
any
organ,
including
the
liver.
Hepatotoxicity
primarily
manifests
as
hepatitis
and,
less
frequently,
cholangitis.
Several
risk
factors,
such
pre-existing
autoimmune
and
liver
diseases,
type
of
combination
regimens,
play
a
role
in
hepatotoxicity
(irH),
although
reliable
predictive
markers
or
models
are
still
lacking.
The
severity
irH
ranges
from
mild
to
severe
cases,
up
to,
rare
instances,
acute
failure.
Management
strategies
require
regular
monitoring
for
early
diagnosis
interventions,
encompassing
strict
cases
permanent
suspension
forms.
Corticosteroids
backbone
treatment
moderate
high-grade
damage,
alone
additional
immunosuppressive
drugs
resistant
refractory
cases.
Given
relatively
low
number
lack
dedicated
prospective
studies,
much
uncertainty
remains
about
optimal
management
irH,
especially
most
This
review
presents
main
features
focusing
on
injury
patterns
mechanisms,
provides
an
overview
landscape,
standard
care
latest
evidence.
