Epistasis and pleiotropy‐induced variation for plant breeding

Plant Biotechnology Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 14, 2024

Summary Epistasis refers to nonallelic interaction between genes that cause bias in estimates of genetic parameters for a phenotype with interactions two or more affecting the same trait. Partitioning epistatic effects allows true estimation phenotypes. Multigenic variation plays central role evolution complex characteristics, among which pleiotropy, where single gene affects several phenotypic characters, has large influence. While pleiotropic provide functional specificity, they increase challenge discovery and analysis. Overcoming pleiotropy‐based trade‐offs offers potential assisting breeding traits. Modelling higher order interaction, pleiotropy non‐pleiotropy‐induced variation, genotype × environment genomic selection may new paths productivity stress tolerance next generation crop cultivars. Advances statistical models, software algorithm developments, research have facilitated dissecting nature extent epistasis. We overview emerging approaches exploit positive (and avoid negative) plant context, including developing avenues artificial intelligence, novel exploitation large‐scale genomics phenomics data, involvement minor analyse quantitative trait loci, missing heritability.

Language: Английский

Identification of Elite Wheat Genotypes for Leaf Rust Resistance in a Geographically Diverse Wheat Panel Using Line × Tester Analysis

Journal of Phytopathology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 173(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Leaf rust (LR) poses a global threat to wheat crops and can lead severe yield losses if environmental conditions favour its spread. Using resistant cultivars offers sustainable approach managing LR. This study aimed identify promising lines for LR‐resistance breeding using classical analytical methods screen LR tolerance. We evaluated 10 parental lines, comprising 6 4 testers, crossed into 24 combinations line × tester mating design. These germplasm were grown in triplicate RCB design under both optimal LR‐stress conditions. recorded data on various morphological, physiochemical, component traits at key growth stages. The analysis of combining ability indicated significant variations among genotypes, with non‐additive gene action influencing most traits. Four parents (AN179, AN1687, PR123 PR127) two crosses (AN179 PR127 AN179 PR123) showed high LR‐stress. Cluster revealed divergent groups the shifting clustering suggesting varied genotypic responses. Factor identified genotypes that performed consistently well are suitable use programs. also recommend peduncle length tillers per plant as phenotypic markers selection due their positive correlation grain yield. findings this contribute valuable insights research.

Language: Английский

Regulation of tillering and panicle branching in rice and wheat

Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский