Allelic gene conversion softens selective sweeps DOI Creative Commons
Daniel R. Schrider

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 5, 2023

Abstract The prominence of positive selection, in which beneficial mutations are favored by natural selection and rapidly increase frequency, is a subject intense debate. Positive can result selective sweeps, the haplotype(s) bearing adaptive allele “sweep” through population, thereby removing much genetic diversity from region surrounding target selection. Two models sweeps have been proposed: classical or “hard sweeps”, single copy to fixation, “soft multiple distinct copies leave descendants after sweep. Soft be outcome recurrent mutation allele, presence standing variation consisting prior onset Importantly, soft will common when populations adapt novel pressures, either because high rate alleles already present. prevalence especially controversial, it has noted that on may not always produce sweeps. Here, we show inverse true: single-origin de novo often an indistinguishable This made possible allelic gene conversion, “softens” hard copying onto backgrounds, process refer as “pseudo-soft” We carried out simulation study examining impact conversion variant human, Drosophila , Arabidopsis populations. fraction simulations had produced haplotypes with upon fixation was appreciable. Indeed, under realistic demographic histories rates, even if acts mutation, involving more likely than large populations, extremely strong. Thus, low there no variation, expected exception rather rule These results also imply signatures does necessarily mean adaptation rapid limited.

Language: Английский

Global, asynchronous partial sweeps at multiple insecticide resistance genes in Aedes mosquitoes DOI Creative Commons
Thomas L. Schmidt, Nancy M. Endersby‐Harshman, Anthony van Rooyen

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: July 24, 2024

Abstract Aedes aegypti (yellow fever mosquito) and Ae. albopictus (Asian tiger are globally invasive pests that confer the world’s dengue burden. Insecticide-based management has led to evolution of insecticide resistance in both species, though genetic architecture geographical spread remains incompletely understood. This study investigates partial selective sweeps at genes on two chromosomes characterises their across populations. Sweeps voltage-sensitive sodium channel ( VSSC ) gene chromosome 3 correspond one resistance-associated nucleotide substitution three , including substitutions same position (F1534C) have evolved independently. In we also identify a second locus 2. contains 15 glutathione S-transferase GST epsilon class with significant copy number variation among populations where distinct backgrounds Indo-Pacific region, Americas, Australia. Local patterns linkage networks indicate probably different times interact locally produce phenotypes. These findings highlight rapid global evidence for critical importance evolution.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Rapid Adaptation and Interspecific Introgression in the North American Crop Pest Helicoverpa zea DOI Creative Commons
Henry L. North, Zhen Fu, Richard P. Metz

et al.

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 41(7)

Published: June 27, 2024

Insect crop pests threaten global food security. This threat is amplified through the spread of nonnative species and adaptation native to control measures. Adaptations such as pesticide resistance can result from selection on variation within a population, or gene flow another population. We investigate these processes in an economically important noctuid pest, Helicoverpa zea, which has evolved wide range pesticides. Its sister armigera, first detected invasive Brazil 2013, introduced pyrethroid-resistance CYP337B3 South American H. zea via adaptive introgression. To understand whether this could contribute North America, we sequenced 237 genomes across 10 sample sites. report armigera introgression into Two individuals sampled Texas 2019 carry haplotypes 4 Mbp region containing CYP337B3. Next, identify signatures panmictic population nonadmixed identifying selective sweep at second cytochrome P450 gene: CYP333B3. estimate that its derived allele conferred ∼5% fitness advantage show explains independently observed rare nonsynonymous CYP333B3 mutations approaching fixation over ∼20-year period. also detect putative kinesin associated with Bt resistance. Overall, document two mechanisms rapid adaptation: introduction fitness-enhancing alleles interspecific introgression, intraspecific variation.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Agricultural insect pests as models for studying stress‐induced evolutionary processes DOI
Joe C. Gunn, Blair M. Christensen, Erika Bueno

et al.

Insect Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(5), P. 432 - 443

Published: April 24, 2024

Agricultural insect pests (AIPs) are widely successful in adapting to natural and anthropogenic stressors, repeatedly overcoming population bottlenecks acquiring resistance intensive management practices. Although they have been largely overlooked evolutionary studies, AIPs ideal systems for understanding rapid adaptation under novel environmental conditions. Researchers identified several genomic mechanisms that likely contribute adaptive stress responses, including positive selection on de novo mutations, polygenic standing allelic variation phenotypic plasticity (e.g., hormesis). However, new theory suggests itself may induce epigenetic modifications, which confer heritable physiological changes (i.e., stress-resistant phenotypes). In this perspective, we discuss how from agricultural generates the genetic modifications associated with AIPs. We summarise existing evidence stress-induced processes context of insecticide resistance. Ultimately, propose studying offers opportunities resources advancing our knowledge evolution.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Adaptive genomic signatures of globally invasive populations of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti DOI Creative Commons
Alejandro Nabor Lozada‐Chávez, Irma Lozada-Chávez, Niccolò Alfano

et al.

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 28, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Genetic diversity in the IIS6 domain of voltage gated sodium channel gene among Aedes aegypti populations from different geographical regions in India DOI Open Access

Melveettil Kishor Sumitha,

G Navaneetha Pandiyan,

Mariapillai Kalimuthu

et al.

Tropical Medicine & International Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 10, 2025

Abstract This study provides critical insights into the genetic diversity of IIS6 domain Voltage Gated Sodium Channel ( VGSC ) gene in Aedes aegypti populations across various regions India, focusing on two mutations: S989P and V1016G. Samples were collected from seven different cities country, including Dibrugarh, Kolkata, Berhampur, Bhopal, Bengaluru, Ghaziabad, Aurangabad. The was amplified sequenced, revealing that V1016G mutation found at a higher frequency compared to mutation. most prevalent followed by while showed high frequencies Berhampur. Additionally, identified intron polymorphisms within gene, with type A being relatively rare. However, observed samples harbouring both mutant wild alleles for mutations. regional variation these mutations indicates complex evolutionary dynamics potentially influenced local environmental factors insecticide application practices. Interestingly, also correlated structure mosquito populations, suggesting flow might be playing role spreading Regular monitoring could serve as important indicators assessing status resistance pyrethroids guide nationwide control efforts. research underscores necessity localised vector strategies continuous surveillance manage effectively.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
An optical system to detect, surveil, and kill flying insect vectors of human and crop pathogens DOI Creative Commons
Joseph M. Patt,

Arty Makagon,

Bryan Norton

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 8, 2024

Abstract Sustainable and effective means to control flying insect vectors are critically needed, especially with widespread insecticide resistance global climate change. Understanding controlling requires accurate information about their movement activity, which is often lacking. The Photonic Fence (PF) an optical system that uses machine vision, infrared light, lasers identify, track, interdict in flight. PF examines insect’s outline, flight speed, other parameters if these match those of a targeted vector species, then low-power, retina-safe laser kills it. We report on proof-of-concept tests large, field-sized (30 mL × 3 mH) conducted Aedes aegypti , mosquito transmits dangerous arboviruses, Diaphorina citri psyllid the fatal huanglongbing disease citrus. In engaged, < 1% 3% A . D respectfully, were recovered versus 38% 19% recovery when lacer was silenced. tracked, but did not intercept orchid bee, Euglossa dilemma effectively intercepted vectors, bees, at distance 30 m, heralding use photonic energy, rather than chemicals, vectors.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Evolutionary consequences of long-distance dispersal in mosquitoes DOI Creative Commons
Thomas L. Schmidt

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101325 - 101325

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Demographic history and the efficacy of selection in the globally invasive mosquitoAedes aegypti DOI Creative Commons

Tyler V. Kent,

Daniel R. Schrider, Daniel R. Matute

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 12, 2024

Abstract Aedes aegypti is the main vector species of yellow fever, dengue, zika and chikungunya. The originally from Africa but has experienced a spectacular expansion in its geographic range to large swath world, demographic effects which have remained largely understudied. In this report, we examine whole-genome sequences 6 countries Africa, North America, South America investigate history spread Ae. into Americas impact on genomic diversity. Americas, observe patterns strong population structure consistent with relatively low (but probably non-zero) levels gene flow occasional long-range dispersal and/or recolonization events. We also find evidence that colonization resulted introduction bottlenecks. However, while each sampling location shows past contraction subsequent recovery, our results suggest bottlenecks led reduction genetic diversity only ∼35% relative African populations, American samples retained high (expected heterozygosity ∼0.02 at synonymous sites) minor efficacy selection. These evoke image an invasive expanded remarkable resilience face eradication pressure.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Present and future suitability of invasive and urban vectors through an environmentally-driven Mosquito Reproduction Number DOI Creative Commons
Marta Pardo-Araujo, Roger Eritja, David Alonso

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 3, 2024

1 Abstract Temperature and water availability significantly influence mosquito population dynamics. We’ve devised a method, integrating experimental data with insights from thermal biology, to calculate the basic reproduction number ( R M ) for urban species, Aedes albopictus aegypti . represents of female mosquitoes produced by one during her lifespan, indicating suitability growth. Environmental conditions, including temperature, rainfall human density altering key life cycle traits. Validation using Spain Europe confirms approach’s reliability. Our analysis suggests that temperature increases may not uniformly benefit Ae. proliferation but could boost expansion. We suggest vector maps, leveraging climate environmental data, predict areas susceptible invasive These maps aid in resource allocation intervention strategies, supporting effective surveillance management efforts.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Performance of low-threshold, population replacement gene drives in cage populations of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti DOI Creative Commons
Zachary Speth,

David G. Rehard,

Patricia Norton

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

Aedes aegypti is the predominant vector for arboviruses including dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses, which infect over 100 million people annually. Mosquito population replacement strategies in pathogen-susceptible mosquitoes field are replaced by laboratory-engineered pathogen-resistant strains novel genetic control measures to inhibit spread of malaria or arboviral diseases endemic regions. To suppress arbovirus transmission following this approach, a mosquito strain needs be transgenically modified express an antiviral effector molecule linked gene drive (GD) system both viral replication engineered resistance trait throughout wild-type population. As proof-of-concept, we tested performance two single locus CRISPR-Cas9 based GD Ae. small cage populations 12 generations. Starting from low release threshold 1:9 bearing males, observed constructs Cas9 was expressed different promoters increase frequency all discrete, non-overlapping populations. By generation 12, 56-79% six had at least one copy. The allele frequencies increased <5% >50% G7 post-release nanos-driven G10 harboring zpg-driven GD. Insertion deletion mutation (indel) measured each discrete pooled samples We found that with expression under nanos-promoter accumulated blocking indels (GDBI) more than twice rate zpg-promoter driven Both produced de novo mutations similar rates, difference selection being primary cause greater indel accrual Our results demonstrate single-locus, CRISPR-Cas9-based homing located intergenic exhibit continuous super-Mendelian inheritance aegypti. further analyze effects fitness cost on stability low-threshold CRISPR/Cas9 This study demonstrates feasibility low-threshold, single-locus drives replacement.

Language: Английский

Citations

1