Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 28, 2024
Abstract
Liquid
metals
(LMs)
are
opening
large
spaces
for
achieving
functional
3D
printing.
However,
previous
fabrication
strategies
ever
developed
so
far
can
only
address
a
specific
printing
task
that
has
yet
to
fulfill
various
needs.
Conceiving
all
fabrications
and
their
output
quality
dominated
by
the
interactions
between
inks
ambient
environment,
this
review
is
dedicated
presenting
generalized
framework
toward
ubiquitous
LM
summarizing
its
category
thus
integrated.
A
panoramic
view
provided
intentionally
administrating
interfacial
among
different
media
guide
ink
modification
optimization.
Further,
interpreted,
ranging
from
gases,
liquids
soft
matters,
biological
tissues,
even
rigid
materials,
exploring
key
mechanisms
such
as
oxidation
facilitation,
heat
dissipation,
structural
support,
modulus
matching,
strong
wettability,
high
reactivity.
Following
that,
inks,
typical
technologies,
diverse
working
media,
enabled
applications
reviewed.
The
elucidation
of
these
interactions,
particularly
physical
chemical
effects,
lead
incubation
future
centers.
It
expected
interactional
mold
additive
manufacturing
into
ever‐powerful
tools
in
coming
time.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 19, 2024
Abstract
This
review
offers
an
illuminating
journey
through
the
historical
evolution
and
modern‐day
applications
of
liquid
metals,
presenting
a
comprehensive
view
their
significance
in
diverse
fields.
Tracing
trajectory
from
mercury
to
contemporary
innovations,
paper
explores
pivotal
role
industry
research.
The
analysis
spans
electrical
switches,
mechanical
applications,
electrodes,
chemical
synthesis,
energy
storage,
thermal
transport,
electronics,
biomedicine.
Each
section
examines
intricacies
metal
integration,
elucidating
contributions
technological
advancements
societal
progress.
Moreover,
critically
appraises
challenges
prospects
inherent
addressing
issues
recycling,
corrosion
management,
device
stability,
economic
feasibility,
translational
hurdles,
market
dynamics.
By
delving
into
these
complexities,
advances
scholarly
understanding
actionable
insights
for
researchers,
engineers,
policymakers.
It
aims
catalyze
innovation,
foster
interdisciplinary
collaboration,
promote
metal‐enabled
solutions
needs.
Through
its
forward‐looking
perspective,
this
serves
as
guide
navigating
landscape
bridging
legacies
with
challenges,
highlighting
transformative
potential
metals
shaping
future
technologies.
ACS Nano,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
18(17), P. 11139 - 11152
Published: April 15, 2024
The
size-controlled
synthesis
of
liquid
metal
nanoparticles
is
necessary
in
a
variety
applications.
Sonication
common
method
for
breaking
down
bulk
metals
into
small
particles,
yet
the
influence
critical
factors
such
as
composition
has
remained
elusive.
Our
study
employs
high-speed
imaging
to
unravel
mechanism
particle
formation
during
mechanical
agitation.
Gallium-based
metals,
with
and
without
secondary
bismuth,
indium,
tin,
are
analyzed
observe
effect
cavitation
surface
eruption
sonication
release.
impact
inclusion
investigated
on
metals'
tension,
solution
turbidity,
size
distribution
generated
particles.
work
evidences
that
there
an
inverse
relationship
between
tension
ability
be
broken
by
sonication.
We
show
even
0.22
at.
%
bismuth
gallium,
significantly
decreased
from
558
417
mN/m
(measured
Milli-Q
water),
resulting
enhanced
generation
rate:
3.6
times
increase
turbidity
∼43%
reduction
particles
gallium
alloy
compared
same
duration.
particles'
photocatalysis
annealed
also
presented
applicability
process
proof-of-concept
demonstration.
This
contributes
broader
understanding
nanoparticles,
controlled
characteristics,
via
agitation
diverse
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
113(2)
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
The
combination
of
nerve
guide
conduits
(NGCs)
and
electrical
stimulation
(ES)
is
an
effective
treatment
for
peripheral
injury
(PNI).
Flexible
conductive
materials
with
mechanical
properties
similar
to
those
biological
tissues
have
been
shown
better
long-term
biointegration
functionality
than
rigid
materials.
In
this
study,
liquid
metal
(LM)-based
polycaprolactone/gelatin/polypyrrole/LM
(PCL/Gel/PPy/LM,
PGPL)
NGC
was
combined
exogenous
ES
repair
PNI.
PGPL
membranes
had
good
hydrophilicity,
degradability,
properties,
its
conductivity
reached
0.66
±
0.02
S/m.
vitro
studies
showed
that
the
(2
Hz,
100
mV/cm,
30
min/d)
could
significantly
increase
expression
neuromarkers
a
pro-neural
differentiation
effect.
vivo
demonstrated
NGCs
in
200
mV/mm,
effectively
promote
morphological
reconstruction
functional
recovery
sciatic
rats.
At
3
months
post-surgery,
restored
conduction
velocity
73.85%
5.45%
normal
value.
LM-based
prepared
study
long
defects,
which
may
further
expand
application
LM
field
tissue
engineering.
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
20(2), P. 101018 - 101018
Published: Jan. 10, 2025
Nitric
oxide
(NO)
modulates
several
cancer-related
physiological
processes
and
has
advanced
the
development
of
green
methods
for
cancer
treatment
integrated
platforms
combination
or
synergistic
therapies.
Although
a
nanoengineering
strategy
been
proposed
to
overcome
deficiencies
NO
gas
small
donor
molecules,
such
as
short
half-life,
lipophilicity,
non-selectivity,
poor
stability,
it
remains
challenging
prepare
nanomedicines
with
simple
composition,
multiple
functions
enhanced
therapeutic
efficacy.
Herein,
we
build
liquid
metal
nanodroplet
(LMND)-based
nanogenerator
(LMND@HSG)
that
is
stabilized
by
bioreducible
guanylated
hyperbranched
poly(amido
amine)
(HSG)
ligand.
Mechanically,
tumor
microenvironment
specifically
triggers
cascade
process
glutathione
elimination,
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
generation,
release.
According
actual
demand,
ROS
concentrations
could
be
readily
controlled
tuning
LMND
HSG
feed
amounts.
Along
intrinsic
anticancer
property
(ROS-mediated
apoptosis
anti-angiogenesis),
LMND@HSG
administration
further
enhance
growth
suppression
compared
alone.
From
this
study,
leveraging
therapy
provides
more
possibilities
prospect
LMND-based
nanomedicines.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 20, 2025
Abstract
The
thermoelectric
(TE)
effect,
capable
of
directly
converting
heat
into
electrical
energy,
has
catalyzed
the
development
numerous
next‐generation
functional
devices.
However,
traditional
TE
generators
(TEGs),
predominantly
composed
rigid
materials,
are
unable
to
maintain
synchronous
deformation
under
bending,
twisting,
or
stretching,
thereby
limiting
their
application
potential.
Liquid
metal
(LM),
with
its
exceptional
conductivity,
flexibility,
thermal
self‐healing
properties,
and
unique
effects,
presents
a
compelling
alternative
as
conductive
heat‐transfer
material.
By
integrating
LM
TEGs
can
achieve
stretchability,
capabilities,
enhance
conductivity
encapsulating
materials
(ECMs),
reduce
interfacial
contact
resistance,
improve
overall
performance.
This
article
provides
comprehensive
review
cutting‐edge
intersection
between
encompassing
applications
in
interconnects
(INCs),
heat‐conductive
fabrication
legs.
Subsequently,
effects
at
liquid–liquid
interfaces
gallium
commonly
used
LMs
reviewed.
Additionally,
emerging
process
fabricating
(TEMs)
using
LM‐printed
semiconductors
is
explored.
Finally,
based
on
an
evaluation
latest
advancements
this
field,
challenges
promising
directions
for
future
research
discussed.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 27, 2025
Abstract
Bone
implant
materials
are
essential
for
treating
bone
defects
in
clinical,
however,
current
options
face
challenges
minimally
invasive
implantation,
precise
situ
molding,
and
long
surgical
times
with
large
incisions.
To
address
these
drawbacks,
the
newly‐emerging
low‐melting‐point
bismuth‐based
alloys
as
injectable
implants,
combined
clinically
applied
polymethyl
methacrylate
(PMMA)
cement
proposed
here
to
innovatively
design
multifunctional
bismuth‐PMMA
composites
(BPCs)
effective
repair.
The
as‐prepared
BPCs
offer
excellent
injectability,
enhanced
mechanical
properties
(≈252%
increase
compressive
strength),
favorable
magnetothermal
effects,
enabling
invasive,
molding
via
easygoing
injection
orthopedic
surgeries.
introduction
of
PMMA
significantly
improves
strength
while
maintaining
injectability
bismuth
alloys,
reduces
exothermic
heat
during
curing
prevent
thermal
damage
tissue.
In
vivo
experiments
demonstrate
that
under
an
alternating
magnetic
field,
exhibit
outstanding
tumor
cell
killing
capability
inhibit
osteosarcoma
growth
through
efficient
hyperthermia.
Further,
long‐term
implantation
results
coupled
histological
analysis
display
stable
filling
evident
regeneration,
attributed
collaborative
efficacy
BPC
mild
therapy.
This
study
promises
revolutionize
repair
provide
a
versatile
strategy
3D‐printed
orthopedics
future.
Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Vacuum Surfaces and Films,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
43(4)
Published: May 12, 2025
Liquid
metal
nanoparticles
(LM
NPs)
find
extensive
applications
in
flexible
electronics,
nanomedicine,
and
various
other
fields
owing
to
their
deformability
distinctive
solid-liquid
core-shell
configuration.
Nevertheless,
the
dynamic
structural
transformations
size-dependent
mechanical
characteristics
of
gallium-based
are
not
well
comprehended
due
constraints
high-precision
nanoparticle
characterization
techniques.
This
limitation
significantly
hampers
utilization
advancement.
study
systematically
investigates
synthesis
approaches
thiolated
nonthiolated
gallium
NPs
comprehensively
examines
evolution
structures
properties
relation
time
particle
dimensions,
leading
several
significant
findings.
Initially,
scanning
electron
microscopy
revealed
formation
a
3
nm
thick
oxide
(Ga2O3)
shell
layer
on
both
during
synthesis.
The
shells
these
two
types
did
form
simultaneously;
instead,
they
underwent
further
oxidation
thickening
over
time,
with
thickness
stabilizing
at
day
10
for
15
NPs.
Subsequently,
impact
NPs’
size
properties,
such
as
elastic
modulus
critical
fracture
force,
was
investigated
using
atomic
force
finite
element
simulation.
It
observed
that
increased
exponentially
decreased.
change
only
solely
influenced
by
Young’s
predicted
classical
Reissner’s
theory
but
also
increase
bulk
core
its
effects.
A
discovery
made
regarding
internal
pressure
from
liquid
preventing
inward
buckling
compression.
notably
nanoparticles,
allowing
them
withstand
strains
10%
18%
without
fracturing.
unique
behavior
has
been
documented
prior
studies
indicating
promising
opportunities
utilizing
designing
structured
LM
