Gene mapping and candidate gene analysis of a sorghum sheathed panicle‐I mutant

The Plant Genome, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: March 1, 2025

Panicle exsertion is essential for crop yield and quality, understanding its molecular mechanisms crucial optimizing plant architecture. In this study, the sheathed panicle-I (shp-I) mutant was identified from ethyl methane sulfonate population of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] variety Hongyingzi (HYZ). While phenotypically similar to wild type during seedling stage, shp-I exhibits a significantly shorter peduncle internode at heading stage. Cytomorphological analysis revealed reduced parenchyma cell size within mutant's internode. Phytohormonal profiling showed lower levels indole-3-acetic acid higher concentrations brassinosteroid in compared Genetic confirmed that phenotype caused by recessive single-gene mutation. Through bulked segregant sequencing (BSA-seq) genetic mapping, causative locus localized 59.65-59.92 Mb interval on chromosome 10, which contains 28 putative genes. Additionally, gene SbiHYZ.10G230700, encodes BTB/POZ MATH (BPM) domain protein, as candidate gene. Further non-synonymous mutations were located domain, affecting 3D structure protein. summary, study provides new material genes future research into regulation length.

Language: Английский

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When Size Matters: New Insights on How Seed Size Can Contribute to the Early Stages of Plant Development

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(13), P. 1793 - 1793

Published: June 28, 2024

The seed habit is the most complex and successful method of sexual reproduction in vascular plants. It represents a remarkable moment evolution plants that afterward spread on land. In particular, size had pivotal role evolutionary success agronomic traits, especially field crop domestication. Given seeds constitute one primary products for consumption, it follows fundamental determinant yield. This adaptative feature strictly controlled by genetic traits from both maternal zygotic tissues, although development growth are also affected environmental cues. Despite being highly exploited topic basic applied research, there still many issues to be elucidated developmental biology as well science. review addresses number open questions related cues influence how they germination. Moreover, new insights genetic-molecular control this adaptive trait presented.

Language: Английский

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Understanding brassinosteroid‐centric phytohormone interactions for crop improvement

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

Brassinosteroids (BRs) play a crucial role in regulating multiple biological processes plants, particularly those related to crop productivity and stress tolerance. During their functioning, BRs engage extensive intricate interactions with other phytohormones, including auxin, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, ethylene, jasmonates, salicylic strigolactones. These facilitate the integration of internal external signals, ultimately shaping physiological status plant. In this review, we introduce BR metabolism signaling discuss modulating agronomic traits that directly contribute grain yield rice (Oryza sativa), model plant for crops. We also summarize recent advances crosstalk between phytohormones Furthermore, highlight significant research provides insights into developing high-yielding stress-resistant varieties from perspective hormone crosstalk. Understanding genetic molecular mechanisms through which collaboratively control offers new approaches improvement.

Language: Английский

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A Comparative Analysis of the Effect of 24-Epibrassinolide on the Tolerance of Wheat Cultivars with Different Drought Adaptation Strategies Under Water Deficit Conditions

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 869 - 869

Published: March 10, 2025

Drought is a serious environmental challenge that reduces the productivity of valuable crops, including wheat. Brassinosteroids (BRs) group phytohormones have been used to enhance wheat drought tolerance. Wheat cultivars with different adaptation strategies could their own specific tolerance mechanisms, and react differently treatment growth regulators. In this work, effect seed pretreatment 0.4 µM 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) was investigated in two (Triticum aestivum L.) contrasting behavior, tolerant Ekada 70 (cv. E70) sensitive Zauralskaya Zhemchuzhina ZZh), early ontogenesis under dehydration (PEG-6000) or soil conditions. EBR mitigated stress-induced inhibition seedling emergence growth, as well membrane damage cv.E70 but not ZZh. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed substantial changes hormonal balance associated ABA accumulation drop levels IAA cytokinins (CKs) drought-subjected seedlings both cultivars, especially EBR-pretreatment reduced drought-induced hormone imbalance cv. E70, while it did same on EBR-induced content germ agglutinin (WGA) belonging protective proteins E70 suggest its contribution EBR-dependent adaptive responses. The absence detectable ZZh cultivar may be insensitivity pre-sowing treatment.

Language: Английский

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Development of semi-dwarf Echinacea purpurea by inducing silencing of the endogenous brassinosteroid- biosynthetic gene DWF4

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 7, 2025

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are plant steroidal hormones that crucial for growth and development, with dwarfism being a hallmark of BR deficiency. DWARF4 (DWF4) is key enzyme catalyzes the rate-limiting C22 oxidation step in biosynthetic pathway. Understanding its role ornamental plants developing dwarf varieties can significantly enhance their aesthetics broaden applications. This study aimed to provide functional analysis the DWF4 gene isolated from Echinacea purpurea. We found EpDWF4 comprised 1458 bp open reading frame encodes 486 amino acids highly expressed leaves. EpDWF4 showed high homology AtCYP90B1, steroid 22-alpha-hydroxylase involved pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. Transgenic E. purpurea suppressed EpDWF4 expression were generated using an RNA interference vector produced hairpin-looped double-stranded RNAs, leading sequence-specific silencing EpDWF4. resulted phenotype. The physiological function was evaluated by complementation Arabidopsis plants. completely rescued extremely phenotype A. thaliana dwf4-102 mutant. In addition, transgenic homozygous containing copy 35S: EpDWF4 intergenic region increased height. Moreover, activity, which converts campestanol 6-deoxocathasterone, 43% these compared wild-type Our results indicate knockdown biosynthesis-related genes (RNAi) supports valuable production commercial horticultural or agricultural

Language: Английский

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Genome-wide association study of haploid female fertility (HFF) and haploid male fertility (HMF) in BS39-derived doubled haploid maize lines

Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 138(1)

Published: Dec. 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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Genome-Wide Association Study of Haploid Female Fertility (HFF) and Haploid Male Fertility (HMF) in BS39-Derived Doubled Haploid Lines

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 2, 2024

Doubled haploid (DH) breeding accelerates the development of elite inbred lines and facilitates incorporation exotic germplasm, offering a powerful tool for maize improvement. Traditional DH relies on colchicine to induce genome doubling. Colchicine is toxic, its application labour-intensive, with most genotypes recording low doubling rates (10% 30%). This study investigates spontaneous (SHGD) as safer more efficient alternative colchicine. We evaluated effectiveness SHGD in restoring female fertility (HFF) male (HMF) without Using genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we identified genomic regions influencing HFF HMF. The plant materials included BS39-haploid isogenic (HILs) BS39-SHGD-haploid (HILs). Our results revealed significant SNP associations both traits, candidate genes involved cell cycle regulation, cytoskeletal organization, hormonal signalling. Analysis variance (ANOVA) variation across haploids two environments. Similarly, HMF showed substantial differences between Spearman correlation no (r = -0.03) traits. high heritability (0.8), indicating strong genetic control, whereas displayed moderate (0.5), suggesting additional environmental influences. findings underscore potential enhance efficiency support new varieties tailored diverse agricultural needs.

Language: Английский

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Brassinosteroids in Focus

Plant and Cell Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 65(10), P. 1495 - 1499

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Two genes of cytochrome P450 regulate plant height via brassinosteroid biosynthesis in Brassica napus

Journal of Integrative Agriculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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