Trait‐based approach using in situ copepod images reveals contrasting ecological patterns across an Arctic ice melt zone

Limnology and Oceanography, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 66(4), P. 1155 - 1167

Published: Jan. 15, 2021

Abstract Imaging techniques are increasingly used in ecology studies, producing vast quantities of data. Inferring functional traits from individual images can provide original insights on ecosystem processes. Morphological are, as other traits, characteristics influencing an organism's fitness. We measured them situ image data to study Arctic zooplankton community during sea ice break‐up. descriptors (e.g., area, lightness, complexity) were automatically ∼ 28,000 copepod a high‐resolution underwater camera deployed at more than 150 sampling sites across the ice‐edge. A statistically‐defined morphological space allowed synthesizing information into interpretable and continuous (size, opacity, appendages visibility). This novel approach provides theoretical methodological advantages because it gives access both inter‐ intra‐specific variability by analyzing large dataset images. The spatial distribution revealed that copepods associated with ice‐covered waters, while open waters host smaller individuals. In those ice‐free also seem feed actively, suggested increased visibility their appendages. These distributions likely explained bottom‐up control: high phytoplankton concentrations well‐lit encourages individuals actively stimulates development small stages. Furthermore, located edge opaquer, presumably full guts or increase red pigmentation. Our trait‐based ecological patterns would have been inaccessible otherwise, including color posture variations ice‐edge environments ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Environmental drivers of taxonomic and functional variation in zooplankton diversity and composition in freshwater lakes across Canadian continental watersheds

Limnology and Oceanography, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 67(5), P. 1081 - 1097

Published: March 11, 2022

ABSTRACT Canada is home to more lakes than any other nation, but there a fragmented and limited understanding of the ecological status these water bodies. Zooplankton are excellent bioindicators lake health, given their central food web position. To date, many studies have investigated effect individual stressors on zooplankton communities, mediated through changes in quality (e.g., macronutrients, temperature, or chemicals). Increasingly, act simultaneously lakes, often over extended periods time. As part NSERC Canadian Lake Pulse Network project, pelagic were sampled 624 across Canada, spanning six continental drainage basins. We evaluated 40+ environmental variables diversity community composition, considering both taxonomic functional approaches. also tested specific hypotheses relationships between communities conditions, including eutrophication, calcium, chloride, fish predation. found that morphometry among most important predictors diversity, while metrics critical explaining variation composition. Our results reveal significant heterogeneity with contrasting effects drivers watersheds, highlighting response models cannot be assumed apply universally.

Language: Английский

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Use of trait concepts and terminology in freshwater ecology: Historic, current, and future perspectives

Freshwater Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 69(4), P. 477 - 495

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

Abstract Trait‐based approaches have received increasing interest among freshwater scientists given their capacity to predict community structure and biodiversity effects on ecosystem functioning. However, the inconsistent development use of trait concepts terms across scientific disciplines may limited realisation potential traits. Here, we reviewed definitions provide recommendations for consistent application in science. To do so, first literature identify established definitions, historical current challenges restricting trait‐based Next, surveyed 414 researchers from 54 countries assess variability terminology relation respondent characteristics (i.e., professional experience, geographical region, research discipline, focal ecosystem, biotic group, function). Our review identified two well‐established which emphasise individual phenotypic that influence either eco‐evolutionary aspects organism performance fitness) or dynamics processes responses environment and/or functioning). Publications used a range trait‐related frequency varied fields. The term functional dominated fields such as conservation, environmental sciences ecology, plant microbiology. In contrast, biological , species were with similar frequencies entomology, fisheries, marine biology, zoology. We also found are difficult apply unicellular organisms, colonial multicellular genomic information, cultural survey revealed highly researchers. Terms including structural measure function commonly describe same traits functions. Variability was generally explained by group propose making concept flexible enough be applicable all biota characteristics, while keeping integrating links aspects. Specifically, our new definition expands considering supra‐individual scales measurement (colonial‐ community‐mean traits), genotypic (e.g., gene markers enzymes) feeding behaviours, communication skills). reduce terminological ambiguity, recommend define terms, prioritising an overarching over alternative ), specific morphological ) situations precision is desirable. findings integrative study could help improve consistency better recognise elucidate mechanisms behind ecological patterns.

Language: Английский

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How planktonic microcrustaceans respond to environment and affect ecosystem: a functional trait perspective

International aquatic research., Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 207 - 223

Published: July 17, 2019

Functional traits are ecologically relevant characteristics of species. They to community structuring in face environmental drivers (response traits) and ecosystem processes (effect traits). For planktonic microcrustaceans, the link between functional their responses or effects is not always clear. Our objective was review literature on linking for cladocerans copepods. Response discussed four categories: morphological, life history, behavioral, physiological. Temperature, predation, resources, stressors important morphological life-history traits. Body size, a trait, probably most because it responds several correlated with physiological zooplankton impact ecosystems functions. In an perspective, energy primary producers secondary consumers. trophic webs, may control phytoplankton biomass productivity, consequences whole lakes. Its influence carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus cycles expected increase body size. Other be important, but there lack information. We point out need more trait research, especially freshwater copepods neglected tropical better understanding natural systems, integrative approach multiple functions necessary.

Language: Английский

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Anthropogenic climate change impacts on copepod trait biogeography

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 27(7), P. 1431 - 1442

Published: Dec. 22, 2020

Abstract Copepods are among the most abundant marine metazoans and form a key link between primary producers, higher trophic levels, carbon sequestration pathways. Climate change is projected to surface ocean temperature by up 4°C in North Atlantic with many associated changes including slowing of overturning circulation, areas regional freshening, increased salinity reductions nutrients available euphotic zone over next century. These will lead restructuring phytoplankton zooplankton communities cascading effects throughout food web. Here we employ observations copepods, climate, species distribution models show how climate may affect copepod Atlantic. On average move northeast at rate 14.1 km decade −1 . Species turnover range from 5% 75% highest rates concentrated regions pronounced increase decrease. The vary according traits largest found occur cooling, freshening area subpolar south Greenland an significant warming along Scotian shelf. Large diapausing copepods (>2.5 mm) which lipids crucial source for whales, have advantage cooling waters due their life‐history strategy that facilitates survival arctic environment. Carnivorous basin wide richness habitat increases when moves poleward while herbivores see losses. trait‐specific highlight complex consequences

Language: Английский

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Experimental assessment of salinization effects on freshwater zooplankton communities and their trophic interactions under eutrophic conditions

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 313, P. 120127 - 120127

Published: Sept. 8, 2022

Freshwater ecosystems are becoming saltier due to human activities. The effects of increased salinity can lead cascading trophic interactions, affecting ecosystem functioning and energy transfer, through changes in community size structure. These be modulated by other environmental factors, such as nutrients. For example, communities developed under eutrophic conditions could less sensitive salinization cross-tolerance mechanisms. In this study, we used a mesocosm approach assess the gradient on zooplankton composition structure algal communities. Our results showed that biomass, diversity mean body decreased with chloride concentration induced salt addition. This change did not have phytoplankton. phytoplankton biomass after threshold 500 mg L-1 was reached, most likely direct toxic osmotic regulation nutrient uptake processes certain algae rather than response turnover or top-down control. study help put place mitigation strategies for eutrophication, which often co-occur freshwater ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Identifying functional groups and ecological roles of tropical and subtropical freshwater Cladocera in Asia

Hydrobiologia, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 799(1), P. 83 - 99

Published: April 24, 2017

Language: Английский

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Cyanobacteria dominance drives zooplankton functional dispersion

Hydrobiologia, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 831(1), P. 149 - 161

Published: July 19, 2018

Language: Английский

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Functional Diversity: An Epistemic Roadmap

BioScience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 69(10), P. 800 - 811

Published: July 27, 2019

Abstract Functional diversity holds the promise of understanding ecosystems in ways unattainable by taxonomic studies. Underlying this is intuition that investigating what organisms actually do (i.e., their functional traits) within will generate more reliable insights into these behave, compared to considering only species diversity. But also rests on several conceptual and methodological epistemic) assumptions cut across various theories domains ecology. These should be clearly addressed, notably for sake an effective comparison integration domains, assessing whether or not use approaches developing ecological management strategies. The objective contribution identify critically analyze most salient assumptions. To aim, we provide epistemic roadmap pinpoints along a set historical, conceptual, empirical, theoretical, normative dimensions.

Language: Английский

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Functional shifts in lake zooplankton communities with hypereutrophication

Freshwater Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 64(3), P. 608 - 616

Published: Jan. 17, 2019

Abstract Functional variation among consumer communities can alter ecosystem nutrient cycling. These impacts on function be specifically driven by interspecific in stoichiometric traits; thus, functional trait‐based approaches used to explain the processes controlling stoichiometry. However, eutrophication may reduce importance of consumers ecosystems eliminating heterogeneity recycling taxa. To test whether zooplankton diversity, i.e. aspects trait space occupied communities, varies over gradients trophic state and stoichiometry, we examined taxonomic 130 lakes agriculturally dominated Iowa ( U.S.A. ) 7 years. Stoichiometric dispersion decreased with index, supporting abundance shift hypothesis that hypereutrophic are characterised different combinations traits than their less eutrophic counterparts. Zooplankton became increasingly N‐rich relative P as TSI increased. Specifically, P‐poor Bosmina , Chydorus cyclopoid copepods increased eutrophication. distributions eutrophication, which implies unique functioning could due part inhabiting them. As N:P while lake total nitrogen phosphorus ratio state, taxa exacerbate excess availability these systems differentially at higher rates.

Language: Английский

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