Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102722 - 102722
Published: April 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176(3)
Published: May 1, 2024
Abstract Salicylic acid (SA) is an important phytohormone, well‐known for its regulatory role in shaping plant immune responses. In recent years, significant progress has been made unravelling the molecular mechanisms underlying SA biosynthesis, perception, and downstream signalling cascades. Through concerted efforts employing genetic, biochemical, omics approaches, our understanding of SA‐mediated defence responses undergone remarkable expansion. general, following biosynthesis through Avr effectors pathogens, newly synthesized undergoes various biochemical changes to achieve active/inactive forms (e.g. methyl salicylate). The activated subsequently triggers pathways associated with perception pathogen‐derived signals, expression genes, induction systemic acquired resistance (SAR) tailor intricate networks that coordinate Nonetheless, mechanistic regulation currently limited because crosstalk other networks, which makes this hormone more challenging. This comprehensive review aims provide integrated overview immunity, deriving current knowledge from diverse research outcomes. integration case studies, experimental evidence, emerging trends, offers insights into governing immunity signalling. Additionally, discusses potential applications strategies crop improvement, disease management, sustainable agricultural practices.
Language: Английский
Citations
10
Marine Drugs, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 18 - 18
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Dunaliella salina is an important source of natural β-carotene (containing 9-cis and all trans isomers) for industrial production. The phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) has been proven to have impacts on the stress resistance higher plants, but research microalgae currently unclear. In this study, effects SA growth, biochemical composition, antioxidant enzyme activity, key enzymes synthesis, cis-and trans-isomers in D. under different salt concentrations were investigated. results shown that at 1.5, 2, 2.5 M NaCl, activity synthesis algal cells significantly increased, content proportion isomer isomers decreased. addition increased growth (SOD, MDA) as well phytoene synthase (PSY), desaturase (PDS), lycopene β cyclase (LCYB) high-salinity conditions. It worth noting treatment SA, three (1.5, NaCl) by 32.09%, 20.30%, 11.32%, respectively. Moreover, can not only improve tolerance salina, also increase isomer, with physiological β-carotene, thereby enhancing application value salina.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Analytica Chimica Acta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1316, P. 342875 - 342875
Published: June 15, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Stress Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(1)
Published: Aug. 19, 2024
Abstract Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a ubiquitous non-protein 4-carbon amino present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. It is conventionally recognized as neurotransmitter mammals plays crucial role plants. The context of this review centers on the impact GABA mitigating abiotic stresses induced by climate change, such drought, salinity, heat, heavy metal exposure. Beyond its role, emerges key player diverse metabolic processes, safeguarding plants against multifaceted well biotic challenges. This comprehensive exploration delves into biosynthetic pathway, transport mechanisms, intricate interplay with various stresses. discussion extends to nuanced relationship between phytohormones during stress acclimation, offering insights strategic development mitigation strategies these delineation GABA's crosstalk underscores pivotal formulating for alleviation
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Genes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 1237 - 1237
Published: Sept. 23, 2024
Plant activators have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional crop protection chemicals for managing diseases due their unique mode of action. By priming the plant's innate immune system, these compounds can induce disease resistance against a broad spectrum pathogens without directly inhibiting proliferation. Key advantages plant include prolonged defense activity, lower effective dosages, and negligible risk pathogen development. Among various defensive pathways targeted, salicylic acid (SA) signaling cascade has been extensively explored, leading successful development commercial systemic acquired resistance, such benzothiadiazole, widespread application in protection. While action sites many SA-targeting preliminarily mapped different steps along pathway, comprehensive understanding precise mechanisms remains elusive. This review provides historical perspective on activator outlines diverse screening strategies employed, from whole-plant bioassays molecular transgenic approaches. We elaborate components, biological significance, regulatory circuits governing SA pathway while critically examining structural features, bioactivities, proposed modes classical benzothiadiazole derivatives, analogs, other small molecules. Insights field trials assessing practical applicability are also discussed. Furthermore, we highlight current status, challenges, future prospects realm globally, with focus recent endeavors China. Collectively, this aims describe existing knowledge provide roadmap research toward developing more potent that enhance health.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 355 - 355
Published: Jan. 24, 2025
Abscisic acid (ABA) is not only important for plant responses to abiotic stresses, but also plays a key and multifaceted role in immunity. In this work, we analyzed the of ABA development resistance/susceptibility wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–Stagonospora nodorum Berk. pathosystem, which includes recognition necrotic effectors (NEs) pathogen by corresponding susceptibility genes. We studied interaction S. SnB isolate, produces two NEs, SnToxA SnTox3, with three genotypes having different combinations host genes (Tsn1 Snn3-B1). The results work on gene expression redox status resistant sensitive treated show that signaling directed at inducing resistance plants isolate through activation early post-invasive defense TaERD15 TaABI5. induction these leads reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation during stage infection, subsequent limitation pathogen’s growth. presence compatible SnTox3–Snn3-B1, suppressed. On contrary, SnToxA–Tsn1, activated, activity TaABI5 inhibited, NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, CUC2) transcription factor (TF) family TaNAC29 TaNAC21/22 induced. TF induce SnB, associated decrease oxidative burst infection. Thus, our study provides new data NEs SnTox3 manipulating nodorum. Deepening knowledge area will be instrumental developing strategies breeding programs contribute environmentally friendly sustainable agriculture.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 31, 2025
ABSTRACT Agroinfiltration of Nicotiana benthamiana is routinely used for transient gene expression in plant sciences and molecular pharming. Here, we depleted transcripts 21 different immunity-related genes through virus-induced silencing (VIGS) to identify that hamper juvenile plants. These experiments uncovered ethylene insensitive- 2 ( EIN2 ), receptor-like kinase CERK1 , transcription factor regulator nonexpressor pathogenesis-related 1 NPR1 ) isochorismate synthase ICS increases GFP by 2-, 4-, 4- 11-fold, respectively. Accordingly, the npr1a/npr1b double mutant N. does indeed facilitate increased protein accumulation when transiently expressed. results indicate glycan perception CERK1, ET SA signaling pathways via NPR1/ICS, respectively, contribute suppressed frequently
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Journal of Phytopathology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 173(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
ABSTRACT Coffee leaf rust (CLR), caused by the fungus Hemileia vastatrix , is a very devastating disease affecting coffee production in many countries worldwide and causing yield losses that range from 15% to 50%. High CLR intensity on trees impairs photosynthesis causes intense defoliation resulting fewer smaller fruit berries trees. New control methods for will reduce use of fungicides costs need be investigated used an integrated management program. In this study, it was hypothesised azelaic acid (AzA), C9 dicarboxylic (oxylipin) known involved systemic acquired resistance, could boost defence reactions leaves ( Coffea arabica cultivar Catuaí Vermelho—IAC44) against infection H. . vitro assay, urediniospores germination significantly reduced (81%–86%) AzA with concentrations 1 20 mM. Fungal sporulation much more water‐sprayed plants compared AzA‐sprayed at both 22 30 days after inoculation (dai). The area under progress curve fungal were lower 82% 83%, respectively, incubation period higher 31% ones. infected displayed less photosynthetic impairments considering greater values rate net CO 2 assimilation, internal concentration, transpiration rate, maximum photochemical efficiency photosystem II On top that, these chlorophyll + b carotenoids robust antioxidative metabolism (increased ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase activities 12 dai). Interestingly, chitinase, β ‐1,3‐glucanase, phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase, polyphenoloxidase as result colonisation contrast Higher concentration superoxide anion radical 12, 22, dai may have helped tissues besides having citotoxic fungistatic effect fungus. These results strongly support potential negatively affect well hamper process leaves.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Life, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 235 - 235
Published: Feb. 5, 2025
Rhizoctonia solani is a basidiomycete phytopathogenic fungus that causes rapid necrosis in wide range of crop species, leading to substantial agricultural losses worldwide. The species complex divided into 13 anastomosis groups (AGs) based on hyphal fusion compatibility and further subdivided by culture morphology. While R. classifications were shown be independent host specificity, it remains unclear whether different isolates share similar virulence mechanisms. Here, we investigated the infectivity Japanese Brachypodium distachyon barley. Two isolates, AG-1 IA (from rice) AG-4 HG-I+II cauliflower), infected leaves both plants, but only roots. B. accessions Bd3-1 Gaz-4 barley cultivar ‘Morex’ exhibited enhanced resistance compared Bd21 cultivars ‘Haruna Nijo’ ‘Golden Promise’. During infection, not resistant Morex induced genes for salicylic acid (SA) N-hydroxypipecolic (NHP) biosynthesis. Pretreatment with SA or NHP conferred IA, HG-I+II, susceptible Haruna Nijo. On Nijo, developed extensive mycelial networks numerous infection cushions, which are specialized structures well-characterized rice sheath blight. In contrast, formed dispersed masses associated underlying necrosis. We propose encompasses at least two distinct strategies: exhibits hemibiotrophic lifestyle, while follows predominantly necrotrophic strategy.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)
Published: Feb. 5, 2025
Eucalyptus, a widely cultivated woody plant, is susceptible to diverse array of pests and diseases, leading reduced yields economic losses. Traditional breeding methods are very time-consuming; therefore, plant genetic engineering has emerged as promising approach for pathogen management. However, the transformation system eucalyptus still in its early stages development, while studies on transgenic disease resistance genes limited. The SWAP70 gene been shown play crucial role defense response Arabidopsis thaliana rice. In this study, model A. was selected transformation. aim enhance expression EuSWAP70 derived from Eucalyptus grandis, other by utilizing an artificial GWSF promoter. results showed that successfully transformed into thaliana, PCR assay confirmed presence plants. gray mold plants under CaMV35S promoters evaluated against Botrytis cinerea infection. After infection, were ranked leaf pore area percentage: wildtype > CaMV35S-EuSWAP70 GWSF-EuSWAP70. stronger resistance, GWSF-EuSWAP70 than
Language: Английский
Citations
0