Recent advances in ubiquitin signals regulating plant membrane trafficking DOI
Yoko Hasegawa, Yongming Luo, Takeo Sato

et al.

Plant and Cell Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Abstract Ubiquitination is a reversible post-translational modification involving the attachment of ubiquitin, 76-amino acid protein conserved among eukaryotes. The ‘ubiquitin’ was named after it found to be ubiquitously expressed in cells. first identified as that mediates energy-consuming degradation by proteasome. After half century, manifold functions ubiquitin are widely recognized play key roles diverse molecular pathways and physiological processes. Compared humans, number enzymes related ubiquitination almost twice high plant species, such Arabidopsis rice, suggesting this plays critical role many aspects physiology including development environmental stress responses. Here, we summarize discuss recent knowledge focusing on regulation membrane trafficking plants. plasma membrane-localized proteins often leads endocytosis vacuolar targeting. In addition cargo proteins, regulators regulates morphodynamics endomembrane system. Thus, throughout review, focus responses regulated their underlying mechanisms clarify what already known would interesting investigate future.

Language: Английский

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Volvox carteri and related green algae accumulate ketocarotenoids not in vegetative cells but in zygospores DOI Creative Commons

S. Schwarz,

Matthias Emanuel Bauch,

Volker H. Schmitt

et al.

The Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 121(3)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Zygospores of green alga such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Volvox carteri or Dunaliella salina display a bright orange color indicative carotenoids, yet there have been no reports on their pigment composition. The genomes these algae contain genes for homologs the β-carotene ketolase (BKT) from well-known astaxanthin producer Haematococcus pluvialis, that were assumed to be pseudogenes, because none species has reported accumulate other ketocarotenoids. Here, we show C. reinhardtii and V. synthesize ketocarotenoids specifically in zygospores. Contrary vegetative aplanospores H. major ketocarotenoid zygospores is not but 4-ketolutein. Moreover, maturing are synthesized de novo carotenoids photosynthetic apparatus liberated by massive breakdown thylakoid membranes. In line with this conclusion, incubation at 9°C instead 22°C resulted reduced only low amounts ketocarotenoids, while accumulation storage lipids was less affected. Furthermore, full-length BKT catalyze ketolation both α-carotene lutein carotenogenic bacteria. We also detected putative various known suggesting zygospore-specific common among Chlamydomonadales. Our observation together sheds light physiology largely unexplored algal life stage crucial survival propagation.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Multifaceted roles of the ATG8 protein family in plant autophagy: from autophagosome biogenesis to cargo recognition DOI Creative Commons
Yixin Wu, Rui Xu,

Xiaohong Zhuang

et al.

Journal of Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 168981 - 168981

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Manipulation of targeted protein degradation in plant biology DOI Creative Commons
Marcela Rojas‐Pierce, Sebastian Y. Bednarek

Biochemical Society Transactions, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 53(02)

Published: April 9, 2025

Inducible protein degradation systems are an important but untapped resource for the study of function in plant cells. Unlike mutagenesis or transcriptional control, regulated proteins interest allows biological mechanisms highly dynamic cellular processes involving essential proteins. While targeted available research and therapeutics animals, there currently limited options biology. Targeted rely on target ubiquitination by E3 ubiquitin ligases. Systems that being developed plants can be distinguished primarily type ligase involved, including those utilize Cullin-RING ligases, bacterial novel N-end rule pathway they controlled proteolysis targeting chimeras. Target leads to proteasome vacuole, with both pathways ubiquitous endogenous control abundance plants. approaches will likely tool basic yield traits crop biotechnology.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Bio-Pathological Functions of Posttranslational Modifications of Histological Biomarkers in Breast Cancer DOI Creative Commons

Anca-Narcisa Neagu,

Claudiu-Laurentiu Josan,

Taniya Jayaweera

et al.

Molecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(17), P. 4156 - 4156

Published: Sept. 2, 2024

Proteins are the most common types of biomarkers used in breast cancer (BC) theranostics and management. By definition, a biomarker must be relevant, objective, stable, quantifiable biomolecule or other parameter, but proteins known to exhibit variate profound structural functional variation. Thus, proteome is highly dynamic permanently reshaped readapted, according changing microenvironments, maintain local cell tissue homeostasis. It that protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) can affect all aspects function. In this review, we focused our analysis on different PTMs histological BC. analyzed PTMs, including phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, neddylation, palmitoylation, myristoylation, glycosylation/sialylation/fucosylation transcription factors, proliferation marker Ki-67, plasma membrane proteins, histone modifications. Most these occur presence cellular stress. We emphasized interfere with maintenance, turnover lifespan, nuclear subcellular localization, structure function, stabilization inactivation, initiation silencing genomic non-genomic pathways, transcriptional activities signaling mitosis, proteostasis, cell–cell cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, trafficking, PPIs. Moreover, orchestrate hallmark pathways dysregulated BC, playing both pro- and/or antitumoral context-specific roles DNA damage, repair stability, inactivation/activation tumor-suppressor genes oncogenes, phenotypic plasticity, epigenetic regulation gene expression non-mutational reprogramming, proliferative signaling, endocytosis, death, TME, invasion metastasis, epithelial–mesenchymal/mesenchymal–epithelial transition (EMT/MET), resistance therapy reversal multidrug resistance. nucleus also at cytoplasmic level induce translocation opposite effects. Analysis allows for discovery validation new mainly early diagnosis, like extracellular vesicle glycosylation, which may considered as potential source circulating biomarkers.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Focus on proteolysis DOI Creative Commons
Nancy A. Eckardt, Pascal Genschik, Liwen Jiang

et al.

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(9), P. 2929 - 2930

Published: June 25, 2024

Proteolysis is an essential cellular function mediating the processing and turnover of proteins to remove damaged or inactive proteins, alter protein (binding enzymatic activities), ensure appropriate stoichiometries in cell.The post-translational control stability also a central feature signaling eukaryotes, i.e. regulating important regulatory crucial for almost all aspects plant biology, including vegetative growth, development, reproduction, stress responses.Proteolysis plays role hormone pathways, defense against pests pathogens, abiotic responses, basic cell functions like cycle, metabolism, organellar biogenesis maintenance, senescence.Compared with animals, genomes encode highly expanded number components related proteolytic pathways ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy, programmed death, endosomal trafficking, organelle-associated degradation.Recent advances molecular genetics microscopy high-resolution imaging, vivo labeling, proteomics, mass spectrometry, structural biology have led new insights understanding many areas proteolysis, autophagy chloroplasts other organelles, degradation membrane discovery N-degron involved development environmental responses (immunity stress).Knowledge systems agriculture breeding, given impact on growth yield, as well resistance diseases.This focus issue proteolysis includes two letters editor, one commentary, nine review articles, eight original research articles.The address question whether polyubiquitin pathway operates inside intact chloroplasts.The posed by van Wijk Adam (2024), Reply from Jarvis et al. (2024).Researchers both sides debate make valid points be considered.We eagerly await more definitive data arrive at complete commentary Eckardt

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Biomolecular condensation of ERC1 recruits ATG8 and NBR1 to drive autophagosome formation for plant heat tolerance DOI
Ka Kit Chung,

Ziwei Zhao,

Kai Ching Law

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 10, 2024

Macroautophagy (hereafter autophagy) is essential for cells to respond nutrient stress by delivering cytosolic contents vacuoles degradation via the formation of a multi-layer vesicle named autophagosome. A set autophagy-related (ATG) regulators are recruited phagophore assembly site initiation phagophore, as well its expansion and closure subsequent delivery into vacuole. However, it remains elusive that how regulated under different conditions. Here, we described an unknown

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Recent advances in ubiquitin signals regulating plant membrane trafficking DOI
Yoko Hasegawa, Yongming Luo, Takeo Sato

et al.

Plant and Cell Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Abstract Ubiquitination is a reversible post-translational modification involving the attachment of ubiquitin, 76-amino acid protein conserved among eukaryotes. The ‘ubiquitin’ was named after it found to be ubiquitously expressed in cells. first identified as that mediates energy-consuming degradation by proteasome. After half century, manifold functions ubiquitin are widely recognized play key roles diverse molecular pathways and physiological processes. Compared humans, number enzymes related ubiquitination almost twice high plant species, such Arabidopsis rice, suggesting this plays critical role many aspects physiology including development environmental stress responses. Here, we summarize discuss recent knowledge focusing on regulation membrane trafficking plants. plasma membrane-localized proteins often leads endocytosis vacuolar targeting. In addition cargo proteins, regulators regulates morphodynamics endomembrane system. Thus, throughout review, focus responses regulated their underlying mechanisms clarify what already known would interesting investigate future.

Language: Английский

Citations

0