RNA-FISH as a probe for heterogeneity at the cellular and subcellular levels in cyanobacteria DOI Creative Commons
Conrad W. Mullineaux, Kexin Wang, Moontaha Mahbub

et al.

Frontiers in Photobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2

Published: Dec. 23, 2024

The abundance and subcellular location of specific mRNA molecules can give rich information on bacterial cell biology gene expression at the single-cell level. We have been using RNA Fluorescent in situ Hybridization (RNA-FISH) to probe for species both unicellular filamentous cyanobacteria. shown that technique be used reveal locations membrane protein production also heterogeneity level, including patterns within filaments heterocyst-forming cyanobacteria as they differentiate diazotrophic conditions. However, background fluorescence from pigments cause problems, resistance heterocysts permeabilization. Here we discuss potential pitfalls RNA-FISH applied compare obtained with available other techniques probing expression.

Language: Английский

Chemistry Meets Plasmon Polaritons and Cavity Photons: A Perspective from Macroscopic Quantum Electrodynamics DOI Creative Commons
Liang‐Yan Hsu

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1604 - 1619

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

The interaction between light and molecules under quantum electrodynamics (QED) has long been less emphasized in physical chemistry, as semiclassical theories have dominated due to their relative simplicity. Recent experimental advances polariton chemistry highlight the need for a theoretical framework that transcends traditional cavity QED molecular models. Macroscopic is presented unified seamlessly incorporates infinite photonic modes dielectric environments, enabling applications systems involving plasmon polaritons photons. This Perspective demonstrates applicability of macroscopic chemical phenomena through breakthroughs fluorescence, resonance energy transfer, electron transfer. not only resolves limitations classical but also achieves parameter-free predictions results, bridging optics material science. By addressing bottlenecks unveiling new mechanisms, establishes itself an indispensable tool studying effects on systems.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Molecular architecture of thylakoid membranes within intact spinach chloroplasts DOI Open Access
Wojciech Wietrzyñski, Lorenz Lamm, William H. Wood

et al.

Published: March 25, 2025

Thylakoid membranes coordinate the light reactions of photosynthesis across multiple scales, coupling architecture an elaborate membrane network to spatial organization individual protein complexes embedded within this network. Previously, we used in situ cryo- electron tomography (cryo-ET) reveal native thylakoid green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii [1] and then map molecular these thylakoids with single-molecule precision [2]. However, it remains be shown how generalizable algal blueprint is vascular plants, which possess distinct subdivided into grana stacks interconnected by non-stacked stromal lamellae. Here, continue our cryo-ET investigation intact chloroplasts isolated from spinach ( Spinacia oleracea ). We visualize fine ultrastructural details membranes, as well interactions between plastoglobules. apply further develop AI-based computational approaches for automated segmentation picking [3], enabling us quantify photosynthetic plane adjacent stacked membranes. Our analysis reveals that, despite different 3D architecture, plants algae strikingly similar. In contrast plant thylakoids, where semi- crystalline arrays photosystem II (PSII) appear hold some together, find that PSII non-crystalline has uniform concentration both Similar C. , observe strict lateral heterogeneity PSI at boundary appressed non-appressed domains, no evidence a margin region have been proposed intermix. Based on measurements, support simple two-domain model plants.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
From dimer to tetramer: the evolutionary trajectory of C4 photosynthetic-NADP-ME oligomeric state in Poaceae DOI Creative Commons

J. Böhm,

Simone Willms,

Oja Ferrao

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Abstract The C4 carbon concentrating mechanism relies on specialized enzymes that have evolved unique expression patterns and biochemical properties distinct to their ancestral housekeeping forms. In maize sorghum, the evolution of C4-NADP-malic enzyme (C4-NADP-ME) involved gene duplication neofunctionalization, leading emergence two plastidic isoforms: C4-NADP-ME nonC4-NADP-ME, each with kinetic structural features. While functions primarily as a tetramer, nonC4-NADP-ME exists in an equilibrium between dimeric tetrameric forms, favoring dimer solution. This study shows which evolutionary changes amino acid sequences influence structure function these isoforms. By integrating X-ray crystallography, cryo-electron microscopy, computational molecular modeling targeted analysis mutant truncated protein variants, we identify crucial roles for N- C-terminal regions specific residues governing isoform oligomerization. Our results reveal N-terminal region is essential stabilizing form whereas adaptive substitutions interactions enhance stability state characteristic C4-adapted isoform. We propose differences domain nonC4 isoforms reflect selective pressures, driven divergence fulfill cellular functions.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
High-Spin Manganese(V) in an Active Center Analogue of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex DOI Creative Commons
Olesya S. Ablyasova, Mihkel Ugandi,

Esma Birsen Boydas

et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 147(9), P. 7336 - 7344

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

In a comprehensive investigation of the dinuclear [Mn2O3]+ cluster, smallest dimanganese entity with two μ-oxo bridges and terminal oxo ligand, simplified structural model active center in oxygen-evolving complex, we identify antiferromagnetically coupled high-spin manganese centers very different oxidation states +2 +5, but rule out presence manganese(IV)-oxyl species by experimental X-ray absorption magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy combined multireference calculations. This first identification manganese(V) any polynuclear oxidomanganese complex underscores need for computational methods to describe high-valent species.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Outlook on Synthetic Biology-Driven Hydrogen Production: Lessons from Algal Photosynthesis Applied to Cyanobacteria DOI Creative Commons
Alfonso Jaramillo, Alessandro Satta, Filipe Pinto

et al.

Energy & Fuels, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(11), P. 4987 - 5006

Published: March 11, 2025

Photobiological hydrogen production offers a sustainable route to clean energy by harnessing solar through photosynthetic microorganisms. The pioneering sulfur-deprivation technique developed Melis and colleagues in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii successfully enabled sustained downregulating photosystem II (PSII) activity reduce oxygen evolution, creating anaerobic conditions necessary for hydrogenase activity. Inspired this approach, we present project of European consortium PhotoSynH2, which builds on these biological insights employs synthetic biology replicate enhance strategy cyanobacteria, specifically, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. By genetically engineering precise downregulation PSII, aim evolution without unintended effects associated with nutrient deprivation, enabling efficient production. Additionally, re-engineering endogenous respiration continuously replenish glycogen consumed during allows matching consumption, maintaining conducive This review discusses how focusing molecular-level processes leveraging advanced genetic tools can lead new methodology that potentially improved results over traditional approaches. redirecting electron flow optimizing redox pathways, seek efficiency cyanobacteria. Our approach demonstrates photosynthesis contribute scalable production, addressing growing demand renewable advancing toward carbon-neutral future.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Chloroplast Functionality at the Interface of Growth, Defense, and Genetic Innovation: A Multi-Omics and Technological Perspective DOI Creative Commons

Chunhua Zhang,

Wenting Li, Yongyan Wu

et al.

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 978 - 978

Published: March 20, 2025

Chloroplasts are important in plant growth, development, and defense mechanisms, making them central to addressing global agricultural challenges. This review explores the multi-faceted contributions of chloroplasts, including photosynthesis, hormone biosynthesis, stress signaling, which orchestrate trade-off between growth defense. Advancements chloroplast genomics, transcription, translation, proteomics have deepened our understanding their regulatory functions interactions with nuclear-encoded proteins. Case studies demonstrated potential chloroplast-targeted strategies, such as expression elongation factor EF-2 for heat tolerance flavodiiron proteins drought resilience, enhance crop productivity adaptation. Future research directions should focus on need integrating omics data nanotechnology synthetic biology develop sustainable resilient systems. uniquely integrates recent advancements transcriptional regulation, present a holistic perspective optimizing tolerance. We emphasize role chloroplast-driven balancing immunity, leveraging technologies emerging biotechnological innovations. comprehensive approach offers new insights into practices, it significant contribution field.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Molecular architecture of thylakoid membranes within intact spinach chloroplasts DOI Open Access
Wojciech Wietrzyñski, Lorenz Lamm, William H. Wood

et al.

Published: March 25, 2025

Thylakoid membranes coordinate the light reactions of photosynthesis across multiple scales, coupling architecture an elaborate membrane network to spatial organization individual protein complexes embedded within this network. Previously, we used in situ cryo- electron tomography (cryo-ET) reveal native thylakoid green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii [1] and then map molecular these thylakoids with single-molecule precision [2]. However, it remains be shown how generalizable algal blueprint is vascular plants, which possess distinct subdivided into grana stacks interconnected by non-stacked stromal lamellae. Here, continue our cryo-ET investigation intact chloroplasts isolated from spinach ( Spinacia oleracea ). We visualize fine ultrastructural details membranes, as well interactions between plastoglobules. apply further develop AI-based computational approaches for automated segmentation picking [3], enabling us quantify photosynthetic plane adjacent stacked membranes. Our analysis reveals that, despite different 3D architecture, plants algae strikingly similar. In contrast plant thylakoids, where semi- crystalline arrays photosystem II (PSII) appear hold some together, find that PSII non-crystalline has uniform concentration both Similar C. , observe strict lateral heterogeneity PSI at boundary appressed non-appressed domains, no evidence a margin region have been proposed intermix. Based on measurements, support simple two-domain model plants.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Focus on photosynthesis DOI Creative Commons
Nancy A. Eckardt, Ralph Bock, Roberta Croce

et al.

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(10), P. 3895 - 3896

Published: July 20, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Photosynthetic Electron Flows and Networks of Metabolite Trafficking to Sustain Metabolism in Photosynthetic Systems DOI Creative Commons
Neda Fakhimi, Arthur Grossman

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(21), P. 3015 - 3015

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Photosynthetic eukaryotes have metabolic pathways that occur in distinct subcellular compartments. However, because metabolites synthesized one compartment, including fixed carbon compounds and reductant generated by photosynthetic electron flows, may be integral to processes other compartments, the cells must efficiently move among different This review examines various flows used generate ATP trafficking of green alga Chlamydomomas reinhardtii; information on algae plants is provided add depth nuance discussion. We emphasized across envelope membranes two energy powerhouse organelles cell, chloroplast mitochondrion, nature roles major mobile these specific or presumed transporters involved trafficking. These include sugar-phosphate (sugar-P)/inorganic phosphate (Pi) dicarboxylate transporters, although, many cases, we know little about substrate specificities how their activities are regulated/coordinated, compensatory responses when compromised, associations between cellular proteins, possibilities for forming ‘megacomplexes’ involving interactions enzymes central metabolism with transport proteins. Finally, discuss metabolite associated biological under environmental conditions help maintain cell’s fitness. C4 concentrating mechanism, photorespiration, fermentation algae.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Bestrophin-like protein 4 is involved in photosynthetic acclimation to light fluctuations in Chlamydomonas DOI Creative Commons
Liat Adler,

Chun Sing Lau,

Kashif M. Shaikh

et al.

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 6, 2024

Abstract In many eukaryotic algae, CO2 fixation by Rubisco is enhanced a CO2-concentrating mechanism, which utilizes Rubisco-rich organelle called the pyrenoid. The pyrenoid traversed network of thylakoid membranes tubules, are proposed to deliver CO2. model alga Chlamydomonas (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii), tubules have been be tethered matrix bestrophin-like transmembrane protein, BST4. Here, we show that BST4 forms complex localizes tubules. A mutant impaired in accumulation (bst4) formed normal and heterologous expression Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) did not lead incorporation thylakoids into reconstituted condensate. bst4 mutants growth under continuous light at air level but were their fluctuating light. By quantifying non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) chlorophyll fluorescence, propose has transiently lower lumenal pH during dark-to-light transition compared control strains. We conclude tethering protein most likely tubule ion channel involved homeostasis lumen with particular importance fluctuations.

Language: Английский

Citations

1