Cingulate and Frontopolar Cortical Projections to the Cerebellar Vermis Support Prolonged Reaction Time in Identifying Negative Emotional Scenes in Women

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

ABSTRACT We previously observed sex differences in the association of individual anxiety and reaction time (RT) during identification negative emotional scenes a Hariri task. Prolonged RT identifying (vs. neutral) images represents behavioral marker women but not men. However, neural circuit that supports this observation remains unclear. Here, with larger sample (64 men 62 women), we employed whole-brain regression on matching vs. neutral or (negative – evaluated results at corrected threshold. Women showed significant correlation between neutral), slope test confirming difference. In alone cerebellar vermis activity positive neutral). Further, Granger causality mapping (GCM) multiple brain regions, including anterior cingulate cortex/frontopolar cortex (ACC/FPC), provide inputs to women. Amongst these only ACC/FPC cluster (β) both STAI State score GCM also identified small pons, suggesting cortical pontine may support prolonged emotions. Path analyses further characterized inter-relationships amongst markers, RT, anxiety. These findings highlight state neurotypical Studies different paradigms are needed characterize mechanisms male

Language: Английский

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Regional and whole-brain neurofunctional alterations during pain empathic processing of physical but not affective pain in migraine patients

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Abstract Background Accumulating evidence suggests that migraine patients present abnormal brain responses to salient sensory and emotional stimuli. However, it is still unclear whether this a generalized or domain-specific phenomenon. Employing well-validated fMRI paradigm, we investigated pain empathic reactivity across two domains: observation of physical (noxious stimulation) affective (facial expressions). On the basis hyperexcitability/hyperreactivity in migraine, hypothesized both dimensions empathy. Methods We collected psychometric data from 21 matched controls. Univariate multivariate neuroimaging analyses were utilized examine dysregulations (a) neural meta-analytically defined shared regions pain-empathy processing, (b) whole-brain neurofunctional signatures empathy (VPS, Zhou et al., 2020). Logistic regression models machine learning-based classification employed determine differences between groups (migraine control). Results Migraine exhibit increased during for bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (slightly more pronounced on right side), with alterations significantly associated experienced attack. level, predictive accuracy VPS was shown be higher as compared controls, reaching 100% accuracy. Across analyses, did not find altered processing pain. Conclusion Contrary our hypothesis, results indicate responsivity, localized but also extending subtle whole patterns, stimuli, Based pathways experimental robustly overlap, these specific hyperresponsivity pathways, likely playing regulatory role modulating pain-related processes. Finally, underscore translational application potential neuroaffective neuromarkers pathological

Language: Английский

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Meta‐Analysis Reveals That Explore–Exploit Decisions Are Dissociable by Activation in the Dorsal Lateral Prefrontal Cortex, Anterior Insula, and Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex

European Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61(6)

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Explore–exploit research faces challenges in generalizability due to a limited theoretical basis for exploration and exploitation. Neuroimaging can help identify whether explore–exploit decisions involve an opponent processing system address this issue. Thus, we conducted coordinate‐based meta‐analysis ( N = 23 studies) finding activation the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex, anterior insula, cingulate cortex during versus exploitation, which provides some evidence processing. However, conjunction of was associated with medial suggesting that these brain regions do not engage Furthermore, exploratory analyses revealed heterogeneity responses between task types exploitation respectively. Coupled results is generally more similar than it different suggests there remain significant characterizing decision‐making. Nonetheless, differentiate explore exploit decisions, identifying aid targeted interventions aimed at manipulating decisions.

Language: Английский

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Trait reward sensitivity and behavioral motivation shape connectivity between the default mode network and the striatum during reward anticipation

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 21, 2025

Abstract Individuals vary substantially in their responses to rewarding events and motivation pursue rewards. The ventral striatum (VS) plays a key role reward anticipation, connectivity between the VS default mode network (DMN)—a associated with self-referential evaluative processes—has been implicated processing. However, relationship these neural mechanisms reward-related individual differences remains unclear. In present study, we examined how trait sensitivity behavioral shape (DMN) during anticipation. Forty-six participants completed Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) task while undergoing fMRI, trial types reflecting varying levels of loss salience. Behavioral measures were derived from reaction time contrasts large neutral trials, self-reported anhedonia assessed. We found that individuals higher exhibited greater striatal DMN reward-salient highlighting VS’s incentive this was moderated by motivation. Specifically, high motivation, reduced DMN-VS contrast, for those lower attenuated. These results provide novel insights into correlates processing, demonstrating is crucial understanding DMN-striatal interactions findings highlight importance considering motivational context when investigating mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Trait reward sensitivity modulates connectivity with the temporoparietal junction and Anterior Insula during strategic decision making

Biological Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 192, P. 108857 - 108857

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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Trait Reward Sensitivity Modulates Connectivity with the Temporoparietal Junction and Anterior Insula during Strategic Decision Making

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 19, 2023

Many decisions happen in social contexts such as negotiations, yet little is understood about how people balance fairness versus selfishness. Past investigations found that activation brain areas involved executive function and reward processing was associated with offering less no threat of rejection from their partner, compared to more when there a rejection. However, it remains unclear trait sensitivity may modulate connectivity patterns these situations. To address this gap, we used task-based fMRI examine the relation between neural correlates bargaining choices. Participants (N = 54) completed Sensitivity Punishment (SP)/Sensitivity Reward (SR) Questionnaire Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System scales. performed Ultimatum Dictator Games proposers exhibited strategic by being fair rejection, but selfish not We evoked Inferior Frontal Gyrus (IFG) Anterior Insula (AI). Next, elevated IFG Temporoparietal junction (TPJ) during decisions. Finally, explored whether modulated responses while making who scored lower made choices they higher AI-Angular connectivity. Taken together, our results demonstrate modulates decisions, potentially underscoring importance factor within decision neuroscience.

Language: Английский

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Common and distinct neural correlates of social interaction perception and theory of mind

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 20, 2024

Abstract Social cognition spans from perceiving agents and their interactions to making inferences based on theory of mind (ToM). Despite frequent co-occurrence in real life, the commonality distinction between social interaction perception ToM at behavioral neural levels remain unclear. Here, participants ( N = 231) provided moment-by-moment ratings four text audio narratives engagement. were reliable (split-half r .98 .92, respectively) but only modestly correlated across time .32). In a second sample 90), we analyzed co-variation normative functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) activity during narrative reading (text) listening (audio). maps generalized presentation .83 .57 unthresholded t maps, respectively). When was held constant, merely activated all regions canonically associated with under both modalities (FDR q < .01), including temporoparietal junction, superior temporal sulcus, medial prefrontal cortex, precuneus. these as well, indicating shared, modality-general system for ToM. Furthermore, uniquely engaged lateral occipitotemporal left anterior intraparietal right premotor cortex. These results imply that automatically engages implicated mental state inferences. addition, is distinct its recruitment higher- level cognitive processes, action understanding executive functions. Author Note Thanks Bogdan Petre, Yaroslav O. Halchenko, David M. Gantz, Sydney L. Shohan, Xinming Xu, Maryam Amini, Bethany J. Hunt, Eilis I. Murphy data collection management. This project supported by grants NIBIB R01EB026549. Matlab code analyses available at: https://github.com/canlab , documentation examples https://canlab.github.io .

Language: Английский

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