Conformational change as a mechanism for toxin activation in bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems DOI
Viviana Sanchez‐Torres,

Hyeon‐Ji Hwang,

Thomas K. Wood

et al.

Journal of Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 98(11)

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

ABSTRACT Toxin/antitoxin (TA) systems are present in nearly every prokaryotic genome and play the important physiological roles of phage inhibition by reducing metabolism (this includes persistence for extreme case complete cessation metabolism), genetic element stabilization, biofilm formation. TA have also been incorporated into other cell systems, such as CRISPR-Cas quorum sensing. For simplest best-studied case, proteinaceous toxins antitoxins (i.e., type II), toxin activity is masked direct binding antitoxin. A long-standing, unresolved question field how activated when bound to at nanomolar affinity. The current paradigm envisions preferential degradation antitoxin a protease, but this highly unlikely that protease cannot discriminate between because both structured. Strikingly, recent results from several studies show one likely mechanism activation conformational changes complex result release or protein trigger, phages, thermally-driven refolding dynamics.

Language: Английский

Toxin-antitoxin genes are differentially expressed in Escherichia coli relA and spoT mutans cultured under nitrogen, fatty acid, or carbon starvation conditions DOI Creative Commons
Monika Maciąg-Dorszyńska, Paweł Olszewski, Monika Karczewska

et al.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

The stringent response is one of the fundamental mechanisms that control and modulate bacterial adaptation to stress conditions, such as nutrient limitation. accumulation effectors, (p)ppGpp, causes differential expression approximately 500 genes, including genes endogenous toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems. However, exact link between (p)ppGpp systems' activation, well role in remains disputed. In this study, we performed a complex analysis changes (RNA-Seq) operons' transcription nitrogen, fatty acid, or carbon starvation, bacteria with different abilities accumulation. Although observed some cases appears be crucial for transcriptional activation TA (e.g., ghoST, ryeA), our data indicates general pattern chromosomally encoded gene E. coli differs depending on distribution environment, regardless alarmone

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Conformational change as a mechanism for toxin activation in bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems DOI
Viviana Sanchez‐Torres,

Hyeon‐Ji Hwang,

Thomas K. Wood

et al.

Journal of Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 98(11)

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

ABSTRACT Toxin/antitoxin (TA) systems are present in nearly every prokaryotic genome and play the important physiological roles of phage inhibition by reducing metabolism (this includes persistence for extreme case complete cessation metabolism), genetic element stabilization, biofilm formation. TA have also been incorporated into other cell systems, such as CRISPR-Cas quorum sensing. For simplest best-studied case, proteinaceous toxins antitoxins (i.e., type II), toxin activity is masked direct binding antitoxin. A long-standing, unresolved question field how activated when bound to at nanomolar affinity. The current paradigm envisions preferential degradation antitoxin a protease, but this highly unlikely that protease cannot discriminate between because both structured. Strikingly, recent results from several studies show one likely mechanism activation conformational changes complex result release or protein trigger, phages, thermally-driven refolding dynamics.

Language: Английский

Citations

2