Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary: Insights into the Pathogenomic Features of a Global Pathogen

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 1063 - 1063

Published: March 31, 2023

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is a broad host-range fungus that infects an inclusive array of plant species and afflicts significant yield losses globally. Despite being notorious pathogen, it has uncomplicated life cycle consisting either basal infection from myceliogenically germinated sclerotia or aerial ascospores carpogenically sclerotia. This unique among necrotrophic pathogens in inevitably colonizes aging tissues to initiate infection, where saprophytic stage follows the pathogenic phase. The release cell wall-degrading enzymes, oxalic acid, effector proteins are considered critical virulence factors necessary for effective pathogenesis S. sclerotiorum. Nevertheless, molecular basis still imprecise remains topic continuing research. Previous comprehensive sequencing genome revealed new insights into its organization provided deeper comprehension sophisticated processes involved growth, development, virulence. review focuses on genetic genomic aspects fungal biology pathogenicity summarize current knowledge utilized by parasitize hosts. Understanding mechanisms regulating process will contribute devising strategies preventing infections caused this destructive pathogen.

Language: Английский

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Unlocking Chiral Sulfinimidoyl Electrophiles: Asymmetric Synthesis of Sulfinamides Catalyzed by Anionic Stereogenic-at-Cobalt(III) Complexes

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Asymmetric catalysis involving a sulfoxide electrophile intermediate presents an efficient methodology for accessing stereogenic-at-sulfur compounds, such as sulfinate esters, sulfinamides, etc., which have garnered increasing attention in modern pharmaceutical sciences. However, the aza-analog of electrophiles, asymmetric issues about electrophilic sulfinimidoyl species remain largely unexplored and represent significant challenge sulfur stereochemistry. Herein, we exhibit anionic stereogenic-at-cobalt(III) complex-catalyzed synthesis chiral sulfinamides via iodide intermediates. Mechanistic investigations reveal that catalytic cycle is initiated by oxidative iodination, generating iodides. These active intermediates subsequently undergo enantiospecific nucleophilic substitution with water, affording diverse array enantioenriched sulfinamides. Notably, these promising antifungal activities against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum serve ideal platform molecules facilitating stereospecific transformation into various stereogenic aza-sulfur compounds.

Language: Английский

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Sclerotinia Stem Rot Resistance in Rapeseed: Recent Progress and Future Prospects

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 69(10), P. 2965 - 2978

Published: March 5, 2021

Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) of rapeseed (Brassica napus), caused by the soil-borne fungus sclerotiorum, is one main diseases seriously affecting yield and oil quality infected crops. The complexity inheritance resistance interaction mechanisms between S. sclerotiorum limits gene identification molecular breeding. In this review, latest progress research into to SSR in B. napus summarized from following three directions: pathogenesis toward breeding for SSR. This review aims provide a theoretical basis useful reference analyzing mechanism searching loci associated with response, achieving disease-resistance genetic manipulation design rapeseed.

Language: Английский

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Transcriptome analysis of the plant pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum interaction with resistant and susceptible canola (Brassica napus) lines

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. e0229844 - e0229844

Published: March 11, 2020

Sclerotinia stem rot is an economically important disease of canola (Brassica napus) and caused by the fungal pathogen sclerotiorum. This study evaluated differential gene expression patterns S. sclerotiorum during development on two lines differing in susceptibility to this pathogen. Sequencing mRNA libraries derived from inoculated petioles mycelium grown liquid medium generated approximately 164 million Illumina reads, including 95 75-bp-single 69 50-bp-paired end reads. Overall, 36% quality filter-passed reads were mapped reference genome. On susceptible line, 1301 1214 genes differentially expressed at early (8–16 hours post inoculation (hpi)) late (24–48 hpi) infection stages, respectively, while resistant 1311 1335 these respectively. Gene ontology (GO) categories associated with cell wall degradation, detoxification host metabolites, peroxisome related activities like fatty acid ß-oxidation, glyoxylate cycle, oxidoreductase activity significantly enriched up-regulated sets both lines. Quantitative RT-PCR six selected DEGs further validated RNA-seq analysis. The regulation effector involved defense suppression or evasion stage, effectors death stage provide supporting evidence for a two-phase model involving brief biotrophic phase stages infection. findings emphasize role pathways along degradation metabolites as key mechanisms underlying pathogenesis B. napus.

Language: Английский

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Strategies to Manage Rice Sheath Blight: Lessons from Interactions between Rice and Rhizoctonia solani

Rice, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Feb. 25, 2021

Rhizoctonia solani is an important phytopathogenic fungus with a wide host range and worldwide distribution. The anastomosis group AG1 IA of R. has been identified as the predominant causal agent rice sheath blight, one most devastating diseases crop plants. As necrotrophic pathogen, exhibits many characteristics different from biotrophic hemi-biotrophic pathogens during co-evolutionary interaction Various types secondary metabolites, carbohydrate-active enzymes, secreted proteins effectors have revealed to be essential pathogenicity factors in solani. Meanwhile, reactive oxygen species, phytohormone signaling, transcription other defense-associated genes contribute blight resistance rice. Here, we summarize recent advances studies on molecular interactions between Based knowledge rice-R. QTLs, multiple effective strategies developed generate cultivars enhanced resistance.

Language: Английский

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Tackling Control of a Cosmopolitan Phytopathogen: Sclerotinia

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Aug. 20, 2021

Phytopathogenic members of the Sclerotinia genus cause widespread disease across a broad range economically important crops. In particular, sclerotiorum is considered one most destructive and cosmopolitan plant pathogens. Here, were review epidemiology pathogen, its economic impact on agricultural production, measures employed toward control disease. We approaches required to tackle diseases include cultural practices, crop genetic resistance, chemical fungicides, biological controls. highlight benefits drawbacks each approach along with recent advances within these controls future strategies.

Language: Английский

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A fungal extracellular effector inactivates plant polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: April 25, 2022

Abstract Plant pathogens degrade cell wall through secreted polygalacturonases (PGs) during infection. Plants counteract the PGs by producing PG-inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) for protection, reversibly binding fungal PGs, and mitigating their hydrolytic activities. To date, how specifically overcome PGIP inhibition is unknown. Here, we report an effector, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum PGIP-INactivating Effector 1 (SsPINE1), which directly interacts with functionally inactivates PGIP. S. a necrotrophic fungus that causes stem rot diseases on more than 600 plant species tissue maceration being most prominent symptom. SsPINE1 enhances virulence interacting host PGIPs to negate polygalacturonase-inhibiting function via enhanced dissociation of from PGs. Targeted deletion reduces virulence. Ectopic expression in its resistance against . Functional genomic analyses reveal conserved mechanism cognate PINE1 broad range pathogens.

Language: Английский

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Plant–Fungi Interactions: Where It Goes?

Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 809 - 809

Published: June 2, 2023

Fungi live different lifestyles—including pathogenic and symbiotic—by interacting with living plants. Recently, there has been a substantial increase in the study of phytopathogenic fungi their interactions Symbiotic relationships plants appear to be lagging behind, although progressive. Phytopathogenic cause diseases put pressure on survival. Plants fight back against such pathogens through complicated self-defense mechanisms. However, develop virulent responses overcome plant defense reactions, thus continuing deteriorative impacts. positively influence both fungi. More interestingly, they also help protect themselves from pathogens. In light nonstop discovery novel strains, it is imperative pay more attention plant–fungi interactions. Both are responsive environmental changes, therefore construction interaction effects emerged as new field study. this review, we first attempt highlight evolutionary aspect interactions, then mechanism avoid negative impact fungi, fungal strategies defensive once have invaded, finally changes under conditions.

Language: Английский

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Vertical and horizontal gene transfer shaped plant colonization and biomass degradation in the fungal genus Armillaria

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(9), P. 1668 - 1681

Published: Aug. 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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The schizotrophic lifestyle of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Molecular Plant Pathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a cosmopolitan and typical necrotrophic phytopathogenic fungus that infects hundreds of plant species. Because no cultivars highly resistant to S. are available, managing disease caused by still challenging. However, recent studies have demonstrated has beneficial effect can live mutualistically as an endophyte in graminaceous plants, protecting the plants against major fungal diseases. An in-depth understanding schizotrophic lifestyle during interactions with under different environmental conditions will provide new strategies for controlling disease. In this review, we summarize pathogenesis mechanisms its attack host destructive pathogen discuss endophytic fungus.

Language: Английский

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