CSE/H2S Signaling Pathways in Enhancing Muscle Function and Insulin Sensitivity During Exercise

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 1741 - 1741

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Exercise plays a crucial role in maintaining metabolic health, enhancing muscle function, and improving insulin sensitivity, thereby preventing diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Emerging evidence highlights the significance of cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE)/hydrogen sulfide (H2S) signaling pathway pivotal regulator molecular physiological adaptations induced by exercise. This review comprehensively examines biosynthesis metabolism H2S, its distribution different tissues, mechanisms which CSE/H2S influences contraction, repair, protein synthesis. Additionally, it explores how modulates pathways, glucose uptake, lipid metabolism, sensitivity. The potential H2S donors exercise supplements is also discussed, highlighting their ability to improve performance health. Current research advancements, including application multi-omics approaches, are reviewed provide deeper understanding complex networks involved. Furthermore, challenges future directions addressed, emphasizing need for further mechanistic studies clinical applications. underscores therapeutic targeting optimize benefits

Language: Английский

Unilateral electrical stimulation of mice induces transcriptional response in stimulated leg with limited effect on non‐stimulated contralateral leg

Experimental Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Abstract Electrical stimulation is widely used to investigate localised muscle adaptations, with applications in both sports and rehabilitation. However, the systemic effects of electrical stimulation, particularly contralateral muscles that are not directly stimulated, well understood. This study investigated whether unilateral induces transcriptional changes electrically stimulated (ES) non‐stimulated (non‐ES) legs, compared legs sedentary control mice. RNA‐sequence analysis revealed 1320 55 genes were differentially expressed ES non‐ES, respectively, controls using DEseq2 (false discovery rate cutoff = 0.05, minimal fold change 1.5). Gene ontology pathway enrichment analyses identified biological processes immune response, development, response stimuli upregulated leg, while stress signalling non‐ES leg. Although leg exhibited changes, Tbc1d1 , which enhances glucose uptake, Mss51 a regulator mitochondrial function, Ddit4 negative mammalian/mechanistic target rapamycin signalling, responsive protein Gadd45g downregulated. These findings aid understanding molecular mechanisms underlying cross‐education effect suggest limited, despite potential across legs.

Language: Английский