Xenotransplantation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 32(2)

Published: March 1, 2025

The molecular barriers that cause acute xenograft rejection have been identified and addressed by generating genetically modified (GM) animals, knocked out for specific xenoantigens (xenoAgs), expressing regulatory molecules both complement coagulation pathways among others. focus of xenotransplantation research now lies in delayed rejection. Dendritic cells (DC) are a subpopulation professional antigen-presenting (APC) play crucial role the context organ transplantation. DCs, originating from recipient, capacity to present xenoAgs recipient's immune system via their respective major histocompatibility complex (MHC) leading These processes known as direct indirect presentation, respectively. However, under certain microenvironmental conditions, DC develops into anti-inflammatory can induce immunological tolerance. purpose this review is summarize current knowledge on general characteristics functions species relevant xenotransplantation, specifically humans, non-human primates (NHP), pigs. It will also cover process xenoAg different methods with properties vitro, finally, discuss strategies using improve acceptance inducing

Language: Английский