Hunger Games: A Modern Battle Between Stress and Appetite DOI Open Access

W. G. Smith,

Estefania P. Azevedo

Journal of Neurochemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 169(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Stress, an evolutionarily adaptive mechanism, has become a pervasive challenge in modern life, significantly impacting feeding‐relevant circuits that play role the development and pathogenesis of eating disorders (EDs). Stress activates hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, disrupts specific neural circuits, dysregulates key brain regions, including hypothalamus, hippocampus, lateral septum. These particular structures are interconnected integrating stress feeding signals, modulating hunger, satiety, cognition, emotional coping behaviors. Here we discuss interplay between genetic predispositions environmental factors may exacerbate ED vulnerability. We also highlight most commonly used animal models to study mechanisms driving EDs recent rodent studies emphasize discovery novel cellular molecular signals within hippocampus–lateral septum–hypothalamus axis. In this review, gut microbiome, emerging area research field unanswered questions persist hinder scientific progress, such as why some individuals remain resilient while others at high risk for EDs. finally need future delineating impact stressors on clarifying relevance functionality hippocampal–septal–hypothalamic connectivity, investigating neuropeptides CRH, oxytocin, GLP‐1 human pathogenesis. Emerging tools like single‐cell sequencing advanced imaging could uncover circuit‐level changes areas relevant patients. Ultimately, by basic clinical research, science offers promising avenues developing personalized, mechanism‐based treatments targeting maladaptive behavior patients suffering from image

Language: Английский

Psychological Approaches for Eating Disorders: The Role of Body Image, Self-Esteem, and Quality of Life DOI Creative Commons
Fatema Ahmed, Chen Wu, Li Li

et al.

IntechOpen eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 21, 2025

Eating disorders (EDs), including anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED), are severe mental health conditions involving complex psychological, emotional, physical factors. This chapter explores Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as a leading psychological treatment for EDs, focusing on its impact body image, self-esteem, quality of life (QoL). It also highlights the importance personalized integrated approaches in treating emphasizing need tailored interventions multidisciplinary care. CBT is highly effective BN BED, supported by evidence showing reductions eating, purging, restrictive behaviors, alongside improvements well-being QoL. Core techniques help individuals challenge maladaptive beliefs about image self-worth, regain control over habits, enhance social functioning. The reviews empirical supporting CBT’s mechanisms action. However, effectiveness AN limited, particularly adults, where Family-Based (FBT) has shown greater promise adolescents. Challenges implementation include therapeutic alliance, culturally sensitive adaptations, underutilization due to lack trained clinicians. global rise ED prevalence, driven sociocultural factors like Western media influence, urbanization, acculturation. calls ongoing research integration digital improve accessibility long-term outcomes. By addressing these gaps, other evidence-based treatments can evolve, offering hope improved recovery QoL affected debilitating disorders.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Hunger Games: A Modern Battle Between Stress and Appetite DOI Open Access

W. G. Smith,

Estefania P. Azevedo

Journal of Neurochemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 169(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Stress, an evolutionarily adaptive mechanism, has become a pervasive challenge in modern life, significantly impacting feeding‐relevant circuits that play role the development and pathogenesis of eating disorders (EDs). Stress activates hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, disrupts specific neural circuits, dysregulates key brain regions, including hypothalamus, hippocampus, lateral septum. These particular structures are interconnected integrating stress feeding signals, modulating hunger, satiety, cognition, emotional coping behaviors. Here we discuss interplay between genetic predispositions environmental factors may exacerbate ED vulnerability. We also highlight most commonly used animal models to study mechanisms driving EDs recent rodent studies emphasize discovery novel cellular molecular signals within hippocampus–lateral septum–hypothalamus axis. In this review, gut microbiome, emerging area research field unanswered questions persist hinder scientific progress, such as why some individuals remain resilient while others at high risk for EDs. finally need future delineating impact stressors on clarifying relevance functionality hippocampal–septal–hypothalamic connectivity, investigating neuropeptides CRH, oxytocin, GLP‐1 human pathogenesis. Emerging tools like single‐cell sequencing advanced imaging could uncover circuit‐level changes areas relevant patients. Ultimately, by basic clinical research, science offers promising avenues developing personalized, mechanism‐based treatments targeting maladaptive behavior patients suffering from image

Language: Английский

Citations

0