bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 3, 2023
Abstract
In
today’s
rapidly
changing
world,
it
is
critical
to
examine
how
animal
populations
will
respond
severe
environmental
change.
Following
events
such
as
pollution
or
deforestation
that
cause
decline,
extinction
occur
unless
can
adapt
in
response
natural
selection,
a
process
called
evolutionary
rescue.
Theory
predicts
immigration
delay
and
provide
novel
genetic
material
prevent
inbreeding
depression
facilitate
adaptation.
However,
when
potential
source
have
not
experienced
the
new
environment
before
(
i.e.,
are
naive),
counteract
selection
constrain
This
study
evaluated
effects
of
naive
individuals
on
rescue
using
red
flour
beetle,
Tribolium
castaneum,
model
system.
Small
were
exposed
challenging
environment,
three
rates
(zero,
one,
five
migrants
per
generation)
implemented
with
from
benign
environment.
an
initial
decline
population
size
across
all
treatments,
receiving
no
gained
higher
growth
rate
one
generation
earlier
than
those
immigration,
illustrating
constraining
After
seven
generations,
reciprocal
transplant
experiment
found
evidence
for
adaptation
regardless
rate.
Thus,
while
briefly
delayed
adaptation,
did
increase
risk
following
Global Change Biology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
29(4), P. 943 - 954
Published: Nov. 5, 2022
Many
researchers
have
questioned
the
ability
of
biota
to
adapt
rapid
anthropogenic
environmental
shifts.
Here,
we
synthesize
emerging
genomic
evidence
for
insect
evolution
in
response
human
pressure.
These
new
data
reveal
diverse
mechanisms
(single
locus,
polygenic,
structural
shifts;
introgression)
underpinning
adaptive
responses
a
variety
selective
pressures.
While
effects
some
impacts
(e.g.
pollution;
pesticides)
been
previously
documented,
here
highlight
startling
evolutionary
additional
processes
such
as
deforestation.
recent
findings
indicate
that
assemblages
can
indeed
respond
dynamically
major
challenges.
Our
synthesis
also
emphasizes
critical
roles
architecture,
standing
variation
and
gene
flow
maintaining
future
potential.
Broadly,
it
is
clear
approaches
are
essential
predicting,
monitoring
responding
ongoing
biodiversity
shifts
fast-changing
world.
Restoration Ecology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 21, 2025
Widespread
deforestation
has
impacted
biodiversity
patterns
globally,
but
the
potential
for
forest
plantations
to
restore
remains
unclear.
Here
we
used
environmental
DNA
(eDNA)
analysis
compare
freshwater
insect
assemblages
between
native
and
exotic
forests
in
New
Zealand,
a
region
that
experienced
heavy
over
recent
centuries.
Our
of
mayfly,
stonefly,
caddisfly
(Ephemeroptera,
Plecoptera,
Trichoptera
[EPT])
eDNA
from
15
plantation
streams
southern
Zealand
yielded
85
taxa,
most
which
were
shared
across
these
habitat
types.
Assemblages
structured
primarily
by
rather
than
type.
Although
taxonomic
diversity
EPT
was
lower
relative
forest,
highly
similar
those
streams.
These
findings
suggest
can
broadly
previously
deforested
aquatic
communities
resemble
forest.
Biology Letters,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
18(4)
Published: April 1, 2022
Animals
on
islands
typically
depart
from
their
mainland
relatives
in
assorted
aspects
of
biology.
Because
they
seem
to
occur
concert,
and
some
extent
evolve
convergently
disparate
taxa,
these
changes
are
referred
as
the
‘island
syndrome’.
While
morphological,
physiological
life-history
components
island
syndrome
have
received
considerable
attention,
much
less
is
known
about
how
insularity
affects
behaviour.
In
this
paper,
we
argue
why
personality
traits
cognitive
abilities
can
be
expected
form
part
syndrome.
We
provide
an
overview
studies
that
compared
between
populations,
or
among
islands.
Overall,
pickings
remarkably
slim.
There
evidence
animals
tend
bolder
than
mainland,
but
effects
other
go
either
way.
The
for
style
highly
circumstantial
very
mixed.
Finally,
consider
ecological
drivers
may
induce
such
changes,
mechanisms
through
which
might
occur.
conclude
our
knowledge
behavioural
responses
environments
remains
limited,
encourage
biologists
make
more
use
‘natural
laboratories
evolution’.
Biology Letters,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
17(8), P. 20210069 - 20210069
Published: Aug. 1, 2021
Anthropogenic
environmental
change
can
underpin
major
shifts
in
natural
selective
regimes,
and
thus
alter
the
evolutionary
trajectories
of
wild
populations.
However,
little
is
known
about
impacts
deforestation—one
most
pervasive
human-driven
changes
to
terrestrial
ecosystems
globally.
Absence
forest
cover
(i.e.
exposure)
has
been
suggested
play
a
role
selecting
for
insect
flightlessness
montane
ecosystems.
Here,
we
capitalize
on
variation
alpine
treeline
elevation
New
Zealand
test
whether
anthropogenic
deforestation
caused
distributions
flight-capable
flightless
phenotypes
wing-polymorphic
lineage
stoneflies
from
Zelandoperla
fenestrata
species
complex.
Transect
sampling
revealed
sharp
transitions
populations
with
increasing
elevation.
these
phenotypic
were
consistently
delineated
by
local
treelines,
rather
than
absolute
elevation,
providing
novel
example
evolution
response
recent
deforestation.
The
inferred
rapid
newly
deforested
regions
have
implications
conservation
invertebrate
biodiversity.
Integrative and Comparative Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
64(2), P. 533 - 555
Published: July 8, 2024
The
evolution
of
flight
in
an
early
winged
insect
ancestral
lineage
is
recognized
as
a
key
adaptation
explaining
the
unparalleled
success
and
diversification
insects.
Subsequent
transitions
modifications
to
machinery,
including
secondary
reductions
losses,
also
play
central
role
shaping
impacts
insects
on
broadscale
geographic
ecological
processes
patterns
present
future.
Given
importance
flight,
there
has
been
centuries-long
history
research
debate
evolutionary
origins
biological
mechanisms
flight.
Here,
we
revisit
this
from
interdisciplinary
perspective,
discussing
recent
discoveries
regarding
developmental
origins,
physiology,
biomechanics,
neurobiology
sensory
control
diverse
set
models.
We
identify
major
outstanding
questions
yet
be
addressed
provide
recommendations
for
overcoming
current
methodological
challenges
faced
when
studying
which
will
allow
field
continue
move
forward
new
exciting
directions.
By
integrating
mechanistic
work
into
contexts,
hope
that
synthesis
promotes
stimulates
efforts
necessary
close
many
existing
gaps
about
causes
consequences
evolution.
Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
386(6720), P. 453 - 458
Published: Oct. 24, 2024
Rapid
adaptation
is
thought
to
be
critical
for
the
survival
of
species
under
global
change,
but
our
understanding
human-induced
evolution
in
wild
remains
limited.
We
show
that
widespread
deforestation
has
underpinned
repeated
color
shifts
insect
populations.
Specifically,
loss
forest
led
changes
across
lineages
mimic
warning
coloration
a
toxic
stonefly.
Predation
experiments
suggest
relative
fitness
phenotypes
varies
between
forested
and
deforested
habitats.
Genomic
analyses
1200
specimens
selection
at
Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
54(1), P. 144 - 159
Published: April 20, 2023
Species'
with
more
limited
dispersal
and
consequently
less
gene
flow
are
likely
to
form
new
spatially
segregated
species
thus
contribute
disproportionally
endemic
biota
global
richness.
Aotearoa
New
Zealand
has
exceptional
endemicity,
52%
of
its
54,000
named
endemic,
including
32%,
39%
68%
for
freshwater,
marine
terrestrial
environments
respectively.
The
lower
endemicity
freshwater
(excluding
insects)
is
attributed
their
need
disperse
between
habitats
that
temporary
on
evolutionary
timescales.
percent
higher
taxa
(Order
Kingdom),
a
measure
phylogenetic
relationships,
was
not
correlated
regional
However,
there
positive
correlation
richness
across
trait
groups
based
environment,
typical
body
size,
mobility
(including
flight),
if
marine,
whether
pelagic
or
benthic.
Typically
flighted
had
high
contrary
the
dispersal-endemicity
hypothesis,
but
reflecting
isolation
by
distance
time,
reduced
flight
ability
as
occurs
islands.
It
proposed
mobile
macrofauna
caused
combination
niche
specialisation
opportunities
predation
limiting
Thus,
traits
better
predicted
than
phylogeny.
Diversity,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
15(1), P. 47 - 47
Published: Dec. 30, 2022
Climate
change
is
expected
to
impact
the
global
distribution
and
diversity
of
arthropods,
with
warmer
temperatures
forcing
species
relocate,
acclimate,
adapt,
or
go
extinct.
The
Arctic
Antarctic
regions
are
extremely
sensitive
climate
have
displayed
profound
variable
changes
over
recent
decades,
including
decreases
in
sea
ice
extent,
greening
tundra,
hydrological
biogeochemical
cycles.
It
unclear
how
polar-adapted
arthropods
will
respond
such
changes,
though
many
be
at
great
risk
extinction.
Here,
we
review
adaptive
mechanisms
that
allow
polar
persist
extreme
environments
discuss
effects
poles
likely
favour
non-native
those
ability
rapidly
evolve
and/or
acclimate.
We
find
physiological,
behavioural,
plastic,
genetic
data
limited
scope
for
research
on
responses
scarce.
This
restricts
our
predict
they
may
a
warming
climate.
call
greater
investment
specifically
targets
ecology
evolution
these
taxa,
genomic
transcriptomic
approaches
can
evaluate
potential
plastic
evolved
environmental
responses.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
908, P. 168174 - 168174
Published: Nov. 3, 2023
Deforestation
is
considered
a
major
threat
to
biodiversity
across
many
parts
of
the
globe,
but
biological
impacts
this
dramatic
ecosystem
disturbance
often
remain
incompletely
understood.
In
New
Zealand
–
world's
last
landmass
be
colonised
by
humans
widespread
deforestation
over
recent
centuries
has
left
highly
fragmented
suite
relict
forest
stands,
ideal
for
assessing
anthropogenic
change.
We
hypothesise
that
environmental
underpinned
repeated
and
predictable
ecological
shifts
distinct
rivers
regions.
Here
we
use
freshwater
DNA
(eDNA)
data
(113
samples
38
locations;
89
insect
taxa)
test
concordant
linked
deforestation.
eDNA
analyses
highlight
consistent
compositional
functional
differentiation
between
forested
versus
deforested
assemblages,
including
turnover
'cryptic'
congeneric
taxa
are
morphologically
similar
yet
ecologically
genetically
distinct.
These
evident
even
fine
spatial
scales
within
streams,
emphasising
emergence
novel
'deforested'
assemblage.
Our
results
illustrate
change
can
drive
broad
geographic
regions,
power
large
scales.
BMC Ecology and Evolution,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: April 16, 2022
Abstract
Background
Insects
have
exceptionally
fast
smelling
capabilities,
and
some
can
track
the
temporal
structure
of
odour
plumes
at
rates
above
100
Hz.
It
has
been
hypothesized
that
this
capability
is
an
adaptation
for
flying.
We
test
hypothesis
by
comparing
olfactory
acuity
sympatric
flighted
versus
flightless
lineages
within
a
wing-polymorphic
stonefly
species.
Results
Our
analyses
receptor
neuron
responses
reveal
recently-evolved
reduced
acuity.
By
ecotypes
with
similar
genetic
backgrounds,
we
eliminate
other
confounding
factors
might
affected
evolution
their
reception
mechanisms.
detection
different
patterns
response
strength
speed
in
independently
wing-reduced
suggests
parallel
Conclusions
These
reductions
echo
rapid
reduction
wings
themselves,
represent
to
convergent
phenotypic
shifts
seen
under
selective
gradients
sensory
systems
(e.g.
loss
vision
cave
fauna).
study
provides
evidence
flight
poses
pressure
on
emphasizes
energetic
costs
olfaction.